{"id":3364,"date":"2017-07-01T16:04:14","date_gmt":"2017-07-01T09:04:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.interhq.org\/book\/?p=3364"},"modified":"2025-12-17T10:32:52","modified_gmt":"2025-12-17T03:32:52","slug":"%e4%ba%ba%e7%94%9f%e6%ad%a3%e9%81%93-%e0%b8%a1%e0%b8%a3%e0%b8%a3%e0%b8%848","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.interhq.org\/book\/?p=3364","title":{"rendered":"\u4eba\u751f\u6b63\u9053 \u0e21\u0e23\u0e23\u0e048"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

\"\"Read<\/span><\/a> | Download<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_toggle title=”\u4eba\u751f\u6b63\u9053 \u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u5173\u6000” el_id=”1499046944210-ef77c5b1-743c”]<\/p>\n

\u91ca\u5fc3\u5e73\u7b80\u5386<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u91ca\u5fc3\u5e73 (Ven. Surapornchai Samacitto)<\/p>\n

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\n\u5b66\u5386\u53ca\u7ecf\u5386
\n\u9ad8\u4e2d\u6bd5\u4e1a\u540e\uff0c\u4e8e1985\u5e74\u53c2\u52a0\u5927\u5b66\u8054\u8003\uff0c\u8003\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7\u800c\u8fdb\u5165\u6cf0\u56fd\u56fd\u7acb\u519c\u4e1a\u5927\u5b66\uff08Kasetsart University\uff09\u517d\u533b\u5b66\u7cfb\uff08Veterinary Medicine Faculty\uff09\uff0c1991\u5e74\u6bd5\u4e1a\u3002\u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u5728\u534f\u8fbe\u65af\u79d1\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8\uff08Lee Feed Mill Public Co.,Ltd.\uff09\u4ece\u4e8b\u517d\u533b\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4e00\u5e74\u540e\u5347\u804c\u4e3a\u9500\u552e\u90e8\u95e8\u7ecf\u7406\uff08District Manager\uff09\u4e3a\u671f\u4e09\u5e74\uff0c\u800c\u540e\u51b3\u610f\u8e0f\u5165\u4f5b\u95e8\u51fa\u5bb6\u4e3a\u50e7\u3002<\/p>\n

1998 \u5e74\u6cf0\u56fd\u6cd5\u8eab\u5bfa\u4f4f\u6301\u6cd5\u80dc\u5e08\u7236\u6148\u60b2\u6d3e\u6765\u53f0\u6e7e\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u6587
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\n\u6210\u7acb\u201c\u6843\u56ed\u6cd5\u8eab\u7985\u4fee\u4e2d\u5fc3\u201d\uff08\u76ee\u524d\u662f\u6843\u56ed\u6cd5\u8eab\u5bfa\uff09
\n2005 \u5e74\u53f0\u6e7e\u6cd5\u9f13\u5c71\u201c\u4e2d\u534e\u4f5b\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u201d\u7855\u58eb\u6bd5\u4e1a
\n2006 \u5e74(\u4e70\u5730)\u5efa\u8bbe\u6cd5\u8eab\u5bfa\u53f0\u6e7e\u5206\u9662
\n2008 \u5e74\u6210\u7acb\u201c\u793e\u56e2\u6cd5\u4eba\u53f0\u6e7e\u6cd5\u8eab\u5bfa\u7985\u4fee\u534f\u4f1a\u201d\uff08\u8463\u4e8b\u957f\uff09
\n\u6210\u7acb\u201c\u53f0\u4e2d\u6cd5\u8eab\u7985\u4fee\u4e2d\u5fc3\u201d
\n2010 \u5e74\u4e2d\u56fd\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u7559\u5b66(\u5b66\u4e60\u6c49\u8bed)
\n2012 \u5e74\u62c5\u4efb\u6cd5\u8eab\u5bfa\u4e2d\u56fd-\u7985\u4fee\u8054\u7edc\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba
\n2015 \u5e74\u62c5\u4efb\u6cd5\u8eab\u5bfa\u6843\u56ed\u5206\u9662\u4f4f\u6301
\n2016 \u5e74\u4e0a\u6d77\u590d\u65e6\u5927\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66\u5b66\u9662\u5b97\u6559\u5b66 \u535a\u58eb\u6bd5\u4e1a
\n2017 \u5e74\u62c5\u4efb\u6cd5\u8eab\u5bfa\u9999\u6e2f\u5206\u9662\u4f4f\u6301<\/p>\n

\u00a0 (1)\uff08\u76ee\u524d\u662f \u201c\u53f0\u6e7e\u6cd5\u8eab\u5bfa\u201d\uff09\u5728\u53f0\u6e7e \u56fd\u9645\u6cd5\u8eab\u7985\u4fee\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e00\u76f4\u79c9\u6301\u7740\u4f5b\u9640\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u9053\u98ce\u4e0e\u60b2\u613f\uff0c\u79ef\u6781\u63a8\u5e7f\u751f\u6d3b\u5316\u7684\u7985\u4fee\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u793e\u4f1a\u5927\u4f17\u5fc3\u7075\u8d28\u91cf\u4e0e\u57f9\u517b\u5185\u5728\u9053\u5fb7\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u5ef6\u7eed\u4ee5\u5f80\u5173\u6000\u6cf0\u56fd\u52b3\u5de5\u548c\u6cf0\u56fd\u65b0\u5a18\u7b49\u6d3b\u52a8\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u6bcf\u5468\u516d\u3001\u65e5\u90fd\u6709\u5ff5\u4f5b\u5171\u4fee\uff0c\u6bd4\u4e18\u4eec\u6307\u5bfc\u5c45\u58eb\u7985\u4fee\u3001\u8bb2\u7ecf\u8bf4\u6cd5\u3001\u5b9a\u671f\u653e\u751f\uff1b\u6bcf\u5e74\u5bd2\u6691\u5047\u5219\u4e3e\u529e\u77ed\u671f\u51fa\u5bb6\u3001\u7985\u4e03\u3001\u7985\u4e09\u3001\u513f\u7ae5\u7985\u4fee\u8425\u7b49\u4fee\u884c\u6d3b\u52a8\uff1b\u5e73\u65e5\u8fd8\u6709\u751f\u6d3b\u7985\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u5173\u6000\u5f31\u52bf\u56e2\u4f53\u7b49\u516c\u76ca\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u524d\u8a00<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n\u672c\u4e66\u6240\u751f\u7684\u529f\u5fb7\uff0c\u56de\u5411\u7ed9\u6240\u6709\u6069\u4eba\u53ca\u4f17\u751f\uff0c\u613f\u5927\u5bb6\u7ec8\u751f\u4fee\u884c\u516b\u6b63\u9053\uff0c\u52e4\u4fee\u6ce2\u7f57\u871c\uff0c\u6709\u5927\u60b2\u613f\u5ea6\u5c3d\u4e00\u5207\u4f17\u751f\uff0c\u65e9\u65e5\u8131\u79bb\u6240\u6709\u70e6\u607c\u75db\u82e6\uff0c\u8bc1\u5165\u7a76\u7adf\u6d85\u69c3\u6210\u5c31\u4f5b\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6cf0\u56fd\u6cd5\u8eab\u5bfa\u6bd4\u4e18 \u91ca\u5fc3\u5e73 \u5408\u5341<\/p>\n

[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_toggle title=”\u6458 \u8981” el_id=”1499048321459-3d5b4dd8-c99c”]\u5f53\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8fc5\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4fc3\u4f7f\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u4e0e\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u968f\u4e4b\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u4f5b\u6559\u5728\u5f53\u4eca\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4ea6\u9700\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u53cd\u7701\u3001\u9002\u5e94\u4e0e\u8c03\u6574\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f5b\u5178\u4e49\u7406\u7684\u68b3\u7406\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u9002\u5e94\u5f53\u4eca\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5229\u76ca\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u4f53\u73b0\u51fa\u4f5b\u6559\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0e\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u516b\u6b63\u9053\uff08Ariya-attha\u1e45gika-magga\uff0c\u516b\u5723\u9053\uff09\u662f\u8bf8\u4f5b\u901a\u884c\u4e4b\u53e4\u9053\uff0c\u662f\u4e09\u4e58\u5171\u901a\u7684\u9053\u8def\uff0c\u662f\u5728\u5bb6\u3001\u51fa\u5bb6\u5171\u540c\u4fee\u884c\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\uff0c\u4ea6\u662f\u8bf8\u6cd5\u7684\u603b\u7eb2\u3002\u672c\u4e66\u4ee5\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u62df\u4ece\u5982\u4e0b\u56db\u70b9\u8ba8\u8bba\uff1a
\n\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u9610\u8ff0\u5df4\u5229\u6587\u4e09\u85cf\u4e2d\u5173\u4e8e\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u53ca\u5176\u5982\u4f55\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u8df5\u5165\u4e16\u751f\u6d3b\u5173\u6000\u3002
\n\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u4ece\u51fa\u4e16\u5173\u6000\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u9610\u8ff0\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u4e0e\u4e09\u5341\u4e03\u9053\u54c1\uff08bodhipakkhiy\u0101 -dhamm\u0101\uff09\u6838\u5fc3\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u68b3\u7406\uff0c\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e24\u8005\u662f\u5426\u540c\u4e00\u6761\u8def\u7ebf\u3002
\n\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u9610\u8ff0\u4f5b\u6559\u51fa\u4e16\u548c\u5165\u4e16\u4eba\u751f\u5173\u6000\u7406\u8bba\u8fde\u63a5\u70b9\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002
\n\uff08\u56db\uff09\u8ba8\u8bba\u5f53\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u7406\u8bba\u4ed8\u8bf8\u5b9e\u8df5\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u6cf0\u56fd\u89c4\u6a21\u6700\u5927\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u5efa\u8bbe\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u201d\uff08V-star\uff09\u8ba1\u5212\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9053\u5fb7\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u9610\u660e\u8be5\u6d3b\u52a8\u5982\u4f55\u4fdd\u6301\u5f53\u5730\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u53c8\u9075\u5faa\u4f5b\u9640\u6559\u5bfc\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u9002\u5e94\u65f6\u4ee3\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u8bf4\u660e\u8be5\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u6548\u679c\u3002
\n\u5728\u7406\u8bba\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u5df4\u5229\u6587\u4e09\u85cf\u3001\u6ce8\u91ca\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u8d44\u6599\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u63a2\u7a76\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u539f\u59cb\u4f5b\u6559\u51fa\u4e16\u4e0e\u5165\u4e16\u7406\u8bba\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u878d\u5165\u5f53\u4ee3\u73b0\u5b9e\u751f\u6d3b\uff1b\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u8d1f\u8d23\u201c\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u201d\u6d3b\u52a8\u768473\u6240\u4e2d\u5c0f\u5b66\u6559\u5e08\u548c\u5bb6\u957f\u7684\u95ee\u5377\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u4ece\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\u3001\u8bbf\u8c08\u8c03\u67e5\u3001\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u548c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u7406\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u6b64\u9879\u6d3b\u52a8\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u672c\u4e66\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0: \u516b\u6b63\u9053\u548c\u4e09\u5341\u4e03\u9053\u54c1\u4e2d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5185\u5bb9\u6709\u7d27\u5bc6\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u8d2f\u7a7f\u76f8\u901a\uff0c\u662f\u5171\u901a\u7684\u4e00\u4e58\u9053\uff0c\u662f\u4fee\u884c\u79ef\u7d2f\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u87ba\u65cb\u589e\u4e0a\u4e4b\u8def\u3002\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u65e5\u5e38\u4e16\u4fd7\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4fee\u884c\u7740\u624b\uff0c\u4f9d\u65e0\u95f4\u65ad\u7684\u4fee\u884c\u79ef\u7d2f\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u63d0\u5347\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u7684\u667a\u6167\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u7406\u8bba\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u4ea6\u80fd\u89e3\u7b54\u4eba\u751f\u7684\u56db\u4e2a\u91cd\u5927\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u81ea\u6211\u8eab\u5fc3\u548c\u8c10\u3001\u4eba\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u8c10\u3001\u4eba\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u8c10\u3001\u4eba\u4e0e\u81ea\u7136\u548c\u8c10\u3002\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u8eab\u5fc3\u884c\u4e3a\u3001\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u81ea\u5f8b\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u800c\u7136\u5f71\u54cd\u793e\u4f1a\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u548c\u8c10\u5171\u4f4f\u3002\u4ece\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u8be5\u6d3b\u52a8\u663e\u8457\u6709\u76ca\u4e8e\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u4eba\u683c\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6cf0\u56fd\u56fd\u60c5\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u7cbe\u5fc3\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u5bf9\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u6d3b\u52a8\u987a\u5229\u5f00\u5c55\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u57f9\u517b\u548c\u590d\u5174\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u7684\u81ea\u5f8b\u5fc3\u3001\u5c0a\u656c\u5fc3\u548c\u5fcd\u8fb1\u5fc3\u6709\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u957f\u671f\u6548\u679c\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u3002\u672c\u4e66\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u5bf9\u4e8e\u73b0\u4eca\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u8c10\u793e\u4f1a\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u79ef\u6781\u610f\u4e49\u3002
\n\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff1a\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u3001\u4eba\u751f\u5173\u6000\u3001\u4e09\u5341\u4e03\u9053\u54c1\u3001\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u7565\u8bed\u8868
\n(Abbreviations of Scriptures)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u7b80 \u79f0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5df4\u5229\u539f\u6587\uff08P\u0101li\uff09 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u6c49 \u8bd1
\n<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Vinayapi\u1e6daka\u300a\u5f8b\u85cf\u300b<\/p>\n

Vin.I. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Vinayapi\u1e6daka Mahavagga \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u300a\u5f8b\u85cf\u300b\ufe5d\u5927\u54c1\ufe5e<\/p>\n

Vin.II. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Vinayapi\u1e6daka Culavagga \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u300a\u5f8b\u85cf\u300b\ufe5d\u5c0f\u54c1\ufe5e<\/p>\n

Vin.III. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Vinayapi\u1e6daka Mahavibha\u1e45ga \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u300a\u5f8b\u85cf\u300b\ufe5d\u7ecf\u5206\u522b\u4e00\ufe5e<\/p>\n

Vin.IV. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Vinnayapi\u1e6dka Bhikkhun\u012bvibha\u1e45ga \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u300a\u5f8b\u85cf\u300b\ufe5d\u7ecf\u5206\u522b\u4e8c\ufe5e<\/p>\n

Vin.V. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Vinayapi\u1e6daka Pariv\u0101rap\u0101li \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u300a\u5f8b\u85cf\u300b\ufe5d\u9644\u968f\ufe5e<\/p>\n

Suttapi\u1e6daka\u300a\u7ecf\u85cf\u300b<\/p>\n

A.I. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 A\u1e45guttaranik\u0101ya Eka-Duka-Tikanip\u0101ta \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u300a\u589e\u652f\u90e8\u300b
\n\ufe5d\u4e00\u3001\u4e8c\u3001\u4e09\u96c6\ufe5e<\/p>\n

A.II. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 A\u1e45guttaranik\u0101ya Catukkanip\u0101ta \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u300a\u589e\u652f\u90e8\u300b\ufe5d\u56db\u96c6\ufe5e<\/p>\n

A.III. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0A\u1e45guttaranik\u0101ya Pa\u00f1caka-Chakkanip\u0101ta \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u300a\u589e\u652f\u90e8\u300b\ufe5d\u4e94\u3001\u516d\u96c6\ufe5e<\/p>\n

A.IV. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0A\u1e45guttaranik\u0101ya Sattaka-Navakanip\u0101ta \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u300a\u589e\u652f\u90e8\u300b
\n\ufe5d\u4e03\u3001\u516b\u3001\u4e5d\u96c6\ufe5e<\/p>\n

A.V. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 A\u1e45guttaranik\u0101ya Dasaka-Ekadaskanip\u0101ta \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u300a\u589e\u652f\u90e8\u300b\ufe5d\u5341\u3001\u5341\u4e00\u96c6\ufe5e<\/p>\n

S.I. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Sa\u1e41yuttanik\u0101ya Sag\u0101thavagga \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u300a\u76f8\u5e94\u90e8\u300b\ufe5d\u6709\u5048\u7bc7\ufe5e<\/p>\n

S.I. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Sa\u1e41yuttanik\u0101ya Sag\u0101thavagga \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u300a\u76f8\u5e94\u90e8\u300b\ufe5d\u6709\u5048\u7bc7\ufe5e<\/p>\n

S.III. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Sa\u1e41yuttanik\u0101ya Khandhavagga \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u300a\u76f8\u5e94\u90e8\u300b\ufe5d\u8574\u7bc7\ufe5e<\/p>\n

S.IV. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Sa\u1e41yuttanik\u0101ya Sa\u1e37\u0101yatanavagga \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u300a\u76f8\u5e94\u90e8\u300b\ufe5d\u516d\u5904\u7bc7\ufe5e<\/p>\n

S.V. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Sa\u1e41yuttanik\u0101ya Mah\u0101v\u0101ravagga \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u300a\u76f8\u5e94\u90e8\u300b\ufe5d\u5927\u7bc7\ufe5e<\/p>\n

M.I. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Majjhimanik\u0101ya M\u016blapa\u1e47\u1e47\u0101sa \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u300a\u4e2d\u90e8\u300b
\n\ufe5d\u6839\u672c\u5206\u4e94\u5341\u7ecf\u7bc7\ufe5e<\/p>\n

M.II. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Majjhimanik\u0101ya Majjhimapa\u1e47\u1e47\u0101sa \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u300a\u4e2d\u90e8\u300b\ufe5d\u4e2d\u5206\u4e94\u5341\u7ecf\u7bc7\ufe5e<\/p>\n

M.III. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Majjhimanik\u0101ya Uparipa\u1e47\u1e47\u0101sa \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u300a\u4e2d\u90e8\u300b\ufe5d\u540e\u5206\u4e94\u5341\u7ecf\u7bc7\ufe5e<\/p>\n

\u7b80 \u79f0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5df4\u5229\u539f\u6587\uff08P\u0101li\uff09 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u6c49 \u8bd1
\n<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Suttapi\u1e6daka\u300a\u7ecf\u85cf\u300b<\/p>\n

D.I. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 D\u012bghanik\u0101ya S\u012blakkhandhavagga \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u300a\u957f\u90e8\u300b\ufe5d\u6212\u8574\u54c1\ufe5e<\/p>\n

D.II. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0D\u012bghanik\u0101ya Mah\u0101vagga \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u300a\u957f\u90e8\u300b\ufe5d\u5927\u54c1\ufe5e<\/p>\n

Dh. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Dhammapada \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u300a\u5c0f\u90e8\u300b\ufe5d\u6cd5\u53e5\u7ecf\ufe5e<\/p>\n

D.III. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 D\u012bghanik\u0101ya P\u0101\u1e6dikavagga \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u300a\u957f\u90e8\u300b\ufe5d\u6ce2\u68a8\u54c1\ufe5e<\/p>\n

Ud. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Ud\u0101na \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u300a\u5c0f\u90e8\u300b\ufe5d\u81ea\u8bf4\u7ecf\ufe5e<\/p>\n

It. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Itivuttaka \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u300a\u5c0f\u90e8\u300b\ufe5d\u5982\u662f\u8bed\ufe5e<\/p>\n

Sn. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Suttanip\u0101ta \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u300a\u5c0f\u90e8\u300b\ufe5d\u7ecf\u96c6\ufe5e<\/p>\n

Thag. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Therag\u0101th\u0101 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u300a\u5c0f\u90e8\u300b\ufe5d\u957f\u8001\u5048\ufe5e<\/p>\n

Th\u012bg. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Ther\u012bg\u0101th\u0101 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u300a\u5c0f\u90e8\u300b\ufe5d\u957f\u8001\u5c3c\u5048\ufe5e<\/p>\n

J.VI. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 J\u0101taka, vol VI \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u300a\u5c0f\u90e8\u300b\ufe5d\u672c\u751f\u7ecf\ufe5e<\/p>\n

MNid. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Mah\u0101niddesa \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u300a\u5c0f\u90e8\u300b\ufe5d\u5927\u4e49\u91ca\ufe5e<\/p>\n

CNid. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Cullaniddesa \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u300a\u5c0f\u90e8\u300b\ufe5d\u5c0f\u4e49\u91ca\ufe5e<\/p>\n

Ps.I. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Pa\u1e6dismbhid\u0101magga, Part I \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u300a\u5c0f\u90e8\u300b\ufe5d\u65e0\u788d\u89e3\u9053\ufe5e<\/p>\n

Ps.II. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Pa\u1e6dismbhid\u0101magga, Part II \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u300a\u5c0f\u90e8\u300b\ufe5d\u65e0\u788d\u89e3\u9053\ufe5e<\/p>\n

Ap.I. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Apad\u0101na, Part I \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u300a\u5c0f\u90e8\u300b\ufe5d\u8b6c\u55bb\u7ecf\ufe5e<\/p>\n

Ap.II. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Apad\u0101na, Part II \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u300a\u5c0f\u90e8\u300b\ufe5d\u8b6c\u55bb\u7ecf\ufe5e<\/p>\n

Khp. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Khuddaka-Pa\u1e6dh\u0101 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u300a\u5c0f\u90e8\u300b\ufe5d\u5c0f\u8bf5\u7ecf\ufe5e<\/p>\n

Original of P\u0101li Text and Translate\u300a\u5df4\u5229\u539f\u5178\u4e0e\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7248\u672c\u300b<\/p>\n

AP.T.S. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 The Pali Text Society \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5df4\u5229\u5723\u5178\u534f\u4f1a\u7248\ufe5d\u82f1\ufe5e<\/p>\n

MBU. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Mahamagut Buddhist University \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u9a6c\u8c37\u4f5b\u6559\u5927\u5b66\u7248\ufe5d\u6cf0\ufe5e<\/p>\n

NAN. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u300a\u6c49\u8bd1\u5357\u4f20\u5927\u85cf\u7ecf\u300b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5143\u4ea8\u5bfa\u7248\ufe5d\u6c49\ufe5e<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u672c\u6587\u5f15\u7528\u5230\u300a\u5927\u6b63\u85cf\u300b\uff08\u65b0\u6587\u4e30\u51fa\u7248\uff09\u7684\u51fa\u5904\uff0c\u7686\u4ee5\u4ee3\u53f7\u201cT\u201d\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5199\u6cd5\u4e3a\uff1a\u201c\uff08T \u518c\u6b21 . \u7ecf\u53f7. \u9875\u7801\u3001\u680f\u6570\uff09\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_toggle title=”\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0” el_id=”1499052434467-1ad40b88-8854″]\u7b2c\u4e00\u8282 \u7814\u7a76\u52a8\u673a
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(1) \u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u4e91\u4f55\u4e3a\u6b63\u884c\u8036\uff1f\u8c13\uff1a\u6b63\u89c1\u3001\u6b63\u601d\u60df\u3001\u6b63\u8bed\u3001\u6b63\u4e1a\u3001\u6b63\u547d\u3001\u6b63\u7cbe\u8fdb\u3001\u6b63\u5ff5\u3001\u6b63\u5b9a\u662f\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6b64\u540d\u4e4b\u4e3a\u6b63\u884c\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.23.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c17\uff0c\u9875150\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u300a\u884c\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0(2)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.18.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c17\uff0c\u9875142\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.V.p.212<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0(3)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.18.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c17\uff0c\u9875143\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u518c17\uff0c\u9875146-7\u3002\u300a\u74f6\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u4ea6\u79f0\u4e3a\u6b63\u884c\u8005\u3001\u5584\u58eb\u3002\u6240\u6709\u5584\u6cd5\u90fd\u805a\u96c6\u5728\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\u3002\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u662f\u4f9d\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\u7684\u6b63\u89c1\u3001\u6b63\u601d\u60df\uff0c\u5b9e\u8df5\u8eab\u3001\u8bed\u3001\u610f\u7684\u6e05\u51c0\u884c\uff0c\u7cbe\u8fdb\u4e8e\u6b63\u5ff5\u53ca\u6b63\u5b9a\u800c\u8d85\u51e1\u5165\u5723\u3002
\n\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u662f\u5357\u3001\u5317\u4f20\u4f5b\u6cd5\u5171\u901a\u7684\u6d85\u69c3\u95e8\u3002\u636e\u300a\u5927\u5b9d\u79ef\u7ecf\u300b\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u83e9\u8428\u6469\u8bc3\u8428\u5177\u8db3\u5982\u662f\u516b\u5723\u9053\u5206\u201d\uff0c\u300a\u5927\u4e58\u5165\u695e\u4f3d\u7ecf\u300b\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4e3a\u8bf8\u4f17\u751f\uff0c\u706d\u9664\u70e6\u607c\u75c5\uff0c\u77e5\u5176\u6839\u80dc\u52a3\uff0c\u6f14\u8bf4\u8bf8\u6cd5\u95e8……\u60df\u6709\u4e00\u5927\u4e58\uff0c\u6e05\u51c9\u516b\u652f\u9053\u201d\u3002 \u53c8\uff0c\u300a\u6469\u8bc3\u6b62\u89c2\u300b\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u201c\u80fd\u4fee\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u8005\uff0c\u5373\u89c1\u4f5b\u6027\uff0c\u540d\u5f97\u918d\u9190\u201d\u3002 \u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u4fee\u884c\u516b\u6b63\u9053\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u5b8c\u6210\u83e9\u8428\u9053\u7684\u5fc5\u4fee\u6cd5\u95e8\u3002
\n\u7b14\u8005\u9009\u62e9\u201c\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u201d\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u9898\u76ee\uff0c\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u51fa\u53d1\u70b9\uff1a
\n\u7b2c\u4e00\u3001\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u5bf9\u4eba\u751f\u4e4b\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff1a
\n\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u9996\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u4f5b\u9640\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5f00\u793a\u300a\u8f6c\u6cd5\u8f6e\u7ecf\u300b\uff0c\u662f\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\u7684\u7b2c\u56db\u9879\uff0c\u5373\u4eba\u751f\u706d\u82e6\u4e4b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4ece\u6b64\u4e4b\u540e\u4f5b\u9640\u6559\u5316\u4f17\u751f\u56db\u5341\u4e94\u5e74\u7686\u4ece\u6b64\u7ecf\u5c55\u5f00\u51fa\u6765\u3002
\n\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u201c\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\u201d\u662f\u4e00\u5207\u8bf8\u4f5b\u89c9\u609f\u4e4b\u6cd5\uff0c\u300a\u76f8\u5e94\u90e8\u300b\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff1a\u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e16\u4e4b\u963f\u7f57\u6c49\u3001\u6b63\u7b49\u89c9\u8005\uff0c\u7686\u5bf9\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\u5982\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b49\u89c9\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u672a\u6765\u4e16\u4e4b\u963f\u7f57\u6c49\u3001\u6b63\u7b49\u89c9\u8005\uff0c\u7686\u5bf9\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\u5982\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b49\u89c9\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u73b0\u5728\u4e4b\u963f\u7f57\u6c49\u3001\u6b63\u7b49\u89c9\u8005\uff0c\u7686\u5bf9\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\u5982\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b49\u89c9\u3002\u201d
\n\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u89e3\u8131\u7684\u9053\u8def\uff0c\u5728\u300a\u957f\u90e8\u2022\u5927\u822c\u6d85\u69c3\u7ecf\u300b\u5982\u662f\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff1a\u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u56e0\u4e3a\u672a\u901a\u6653\u3001\u8bc1\u609f\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\uff0c\u6211\u4e0e\u6c5d\u7b49\u957f\u4e45\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u6d41\u8f6c\u4e8e\u751f<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

(6)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.23.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c17\uff0c\u9875151\u3002\u300a\u884c\u8005\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(7)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.20.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c17\uff0c\u9875145\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(8)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.I.p.184.\uff1b\ufe5dMBU.\ufe5e\u518c18\uff0cp.516\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(9) T 11. 310.p. 312 a.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(10) T 16. 672.p. 616 c.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(11) T 46. 1911.p. 87 c.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(12)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.433.\uff1b\ufe5dMBU.\ufe5e\u518c31\uff0cp.442.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c18\uff0c\u9875330\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u6b7b\u8f6e\u56de\u3002\u2026\u2026\u7136\uff0c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u82e6\u5723\u8c1b\u73b0\u5df2\u609f\u3001\u73b0\u5df2\u901a\u6653\uff1b\u82e6\u96c6\u5723\u8c1b\u73b0\u5df2\u609f\u3001\u73b0\u5df2\u901a\u6653\uff1b\u82e6\u706d\u5723\u8c1b\u73b0\u5df2\u609f\u3001\u73b0\u5df2\u901a\u6653\uff1a\u82e6\u706d\u9053\u5723\u8c1b\u73b0\u5df2\u609f\u3001\u73b0\u5df2\u901a\u6653\uff0c\u5bf9\u6709\u7684\u8d2a\u7231\u73b0\u5df2\u65ad\u706d\uff0c\u5bf9\u751f\u7684\u8d2a\u604b\u73b0\u5df2\u706d\u5c3d\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5df2\u7ecf\u6ca1\u6709\u518d\u751f\u3002\u201d
\n\uff08\u56db\uff09\u516b\u5723\u9053\u662f\u8fc7\u53bb\u8bf8\u4f5b\u901a\u884c\u4e4b\u53e4\u9053\uff0c\u4e8e\u300a\u76f8\u5e94\u90e8\u00b7\u57ce\u9091\u7ecf\u300b\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u53d1\u89c1\u8fc7\u53bb\u4f5b\u9640\u901a\u884c\u4e4b\u53e4\u9053\u3001\u53e4\u5f84\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u8fc7\u53bb\u8bf8\u4f5b\u6240\u901a\u884c\u4e4b\u53e4\u9053\uff0c\u53e4\u5f84\u8005\u4f55\u8036\uff1f\u5373\u6b64\u516b\u652f\u5723\u9053\u3002\u5373\uff1a\u6b63\u89c1\u2026\u2026\u6b63\u5b9a\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6b64\u4e43\u8fc7\u53bb\u6b63\u7b49\u89c9\u8005\u901a\u884c\u4e4b\u53e4\u9053\u3001\u53e4\u5f84\u3002\u201d\u7ecf\u4e2d\u663e\u660e\uff0c\u82e5\u8981\u4fee\u884c\u6210\u4f5b\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u9700\u8981\u6309\u7167\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u4fee\u884c\u800c\u6210\u5c31\u3002
\n\uff08\u4e94\uff09\u4f5b\u9640\u521d\u671f\u5f18\u6cd5\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u5411\u613f\u51fa\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4eba\u8a00\uff1a\u5584\u6765\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u4e8e\u6211\u6cd5\u4e2d\u884c\u4e8e\u68b5\u884c\uff0c\u5f97\u6b63\u706d\u82e6\u5c3d\uff0c\u5373\u6210\u4e3a\u6bd4\u4e18\u3002\u800c\u300a\u76f8\u5e94\u90e8\u7ecf\u300b\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u68b5\u884c\u5373\u4fee\u884c\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u3002\u4f5b\u9640\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6b64\u516b\u652f\u5723\u9053\u5373\u68b5\u884c\u3002\u8c13\u6b63\u89c1\u2026\u2026\u6b63\u5b9a\u662f\u3002\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u8d2a\u6b32\u4e4b\u706d\u5c3d\u3001\u778b\u605a\u4e4b\u706d\u5c3d\u3001\u611a\u75f4\u4e4b\u706d\u5c3d\uff0c\u6b64\u5373\u68b5\u884c\u4e4b\u7a76\u5c3d\u201d\u3002
\n\uff08\u516d\uff09\u4f5b\u9640\u822c\u6d85\u69c3\u4e4b\u524d\u4e09\u4e2a\u6708\uff0c\u544a\u8bc9\u4f17\u6bd4\u4e18\uff1a\u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6211\u544a\u6c5d\u7b49\uff0c\u8bf8\u884c\u662f\u56e0\u7f18\u548c\u5408\u6cd5\uff0c\u7686\u5f52\u8001\u673d\u574f\u706d\uff0c\u5f53\u7cbe\u8fdb\u4e0d\u653e\u9038\u201d\u3002\u4e16\u5c0a\u5728\u5165\u706d\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u518d\u544a\u8bc9\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff1a\u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u4eca\uff0c\u6211\u544a\u6c5d\u7b49\uff1a\u8bf8\u884c\u7686\u662f\u574f\u706d\u4e4b\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e94\u81ea\u7cbe\u8fdb\u4e0d\u653e\u9038\u3002\u201d\u6b64\u662f\u5982\u6765\u6700\u540e\u4e4b\u9057\u6559\u3002\u4ece\u7ecf\u4e2d\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u5373\u4f5b\u9640\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5ea6\u5316\u4f17\u751f\u56db\u5341\u4e94\u5e74\uff0c\u603b\u7ed3\u8d77\u6765\u6700\u6839\u672c\u7684\u5373\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b57\u2014\u2014\u201c\u4e0d\u653e\u9038\u201d\uff0c\u300a\u76f8\u5e94\u90e8\u7ecf\u300b\u6307\u51fa\u4e0d\u653e\u9038\u5373\u4fee\u884c\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u3002\u7ecf\u4e2d\u5982\u662f\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u4e0d\u653e\u9038\u4e4b\u6bd4\u4e18\uff0c\u4fee\u4e60\u516b\u652f\u5723\u9053\uff0c\u591a\u4fee\u516b\u652f\u5723\u9053\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

(13)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.II.90.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c7\uff0c\u987542\u3002\u300a\u5927\u822c\u6d85\u69c3\u7ecf\u300b\uff1b\u6bb5\u775b\u7b49\u8bd1\uff0e\u6c49\u8bd1\u5df4\u5229\u6587\u4e09\u85cf\u00b7\u7ecf\u85cf\u00b7\u957f\u90e8\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u4e0a\u6d77\uff1a\u4e2d\u897f\u4e66\u5c40\uff0c2012\uff1a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0230\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(14)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.II.106. \uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c14\uff0c\u9875126\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(15)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p. 7.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c17\uff0c\u9875124\u3002\u300a\u4e00\u6bd4\u4e18(\u4e00)\u7ecf\u300b\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5e
\nS.V.p.16.\u300a\u9e21\u6797\u7cbe\u820d(\u4e8c)\u300b\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.17.\u300a\u9e21\u6797\u7cbe\u820d(\u4e09)\u300b\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.26.\u300a\u68b5\u884c(\u4e00)\u300b\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.26-27.\u300a\u68b5\u884c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u4e8c)\u300b\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(16)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.II.120.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c7\uff0c\u987572\u3002\u300a\u5927\u822c\u6d85\u69c3\u7ecf\u300b\uff1b\u6bb5\u775b\u7b49\u8bd1\uff0e\u6c49\u8bd1\u5df4\u5229\u6587\u4e09\u85cf\u00b7\u7ecf\u85cf\u00b7\u957f\u90e8\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u4e0a\u6d77\uff1a\u4e2d\u897f\u4e66\u5c40\uff0c2012\uff1a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 266\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(17)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.II.156.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c7\uff0c\u9875111\u3002\u300a\u5927\u822c\u6d85\u69c3\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(18)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.42.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c17\uff0c\u9875185\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.43.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.45.<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uff08\u4e03\uff09\u4f5b\u9640\u5c06\u5165\u6d85\u69c3\u524d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4f4d\u51fa\u5bb6\u5916\u9053\uff0c\u5176\u4e43\u4f5b\u9640\u4eb2\u81ea\u5ea6\u5316\u7684\u6700\u540e\u963f\u7f57\u6c49\u5f1f\u5b50\uff0c\u5f00\u793a\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u5b8c\u6574\u8bb2\u89e3\u4f5b\u6559\u6559\u6cd5\uff1a\u201c\u987b\u8dcb\u9640\uff01\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u6cd5\u3001\u5f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5176\u4e2d\u4e0d\u89c1\u516b\u6b63\u9053\uff0c\u5176\u5904\u5219\u65e0\u7b2c\u4e00\u6c99\u95e8\u679c\u53ef\u8a00\u3001\u65e0\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6c99\u95e8\u679c\u53ef\u8a00\u2026\u2026\u4ea6\u65e0\u7b2c\u56db\u6c99\u95e8\u679c\u53ef\u8a00\u3002\u987b\u8dcb\u9640\uff01\u4e8e\u6211\u6559\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u516b\u5723\u9053\u4e4b\u6559\u3002\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u5219\u6709\u7b2c\u4e00\u6c99\u95e8\u679c\u3001\u6709\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6c99\u95e8\u679c\u2026\u2026\u4ea6\u6709\u7b2c\u56db\u6c99\u95e8\u679c\u3002\u5916\u9053\u6c99\u95e8\u4e4b\u8a00\u8bba\u7686\u662f\u7a7a\u5e7b\u3002\u82e5\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\u4f4f\u6b64\u6b63\u9053\uff0c\u6b64\u4e16\u95f4\u5219\u4e0d\u7a7a\u7f3a\u963f\u7f57\u6c49\u201d \u3002
\n\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u80fd\u8131\u79bb\u751f\u6b7b\u8f6e\u56de\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6559\u6cd5\uff0c\u60df\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d\u3002\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u5373\u4f5b\u9640\u89c9\u609f\u4e4b\u6cd5\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4fee\u4e60\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u8bc1\u609f\u4f5b\u9640\u6240\u89c9\u609f\u4e4b\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e00\u6837\u8131\u79bb\u751f\u6b7b\u8f6e\u56de\u3002\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\u4f5b\u9640\u7684\u6559\u6cd5\u662f\u666e\u904d\u6027\u3001\u56fd\u9645\u6027\u3001\u5927\u4f17\u5316\u7684\u3002\u7efc\u5408\u4e0a\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ece\u4f5b\u6559\u754c\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u770b\uff0c\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u5bf9\u4eba\u751f\u6781\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7b14\u8005\u9009\u62e9\u201c\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u201d\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u9898\u76ee\u4e4b\u52a8\u673a\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002
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\n\u7b2c\u4e09\u3001\u5173\u4e8e\u51fa\u4e16\u4eba\u751f\u5173\u6000\uff0c\u4e09\u5341\u4e03\u9053\u54c1\uff08bodhipakkhiy\u0101-dhamm\u0101\uff09\u662f\u539f\u59cb\u4f5b\u6559\u4fee\u884c\u83b7\u5f97\u89e3\u8131\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u8def\u7ebf\u3002\u300a\u957f\u90e8\u2022\u6e05\u51c0\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u8bf4\uff1a<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

(19)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.II.151.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c7\uff0c\u9875105\u3002\u300a\u5927\u822c\u6d85\u69c3\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(20)\uff08bodhi-pakkhiya\uff09\u83e9\u63d0\u5206\u6216\u83e9\u63d0\uff08\u89c9\u609f\uff09\u4e4b\u8981\u7d20\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

(21)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.III.127-128\u3002\uff1b\ufe5dMBU.\ufe5e\u518c15\uff0cp.273.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c8\uff0c\u9875123\u3002\u300a\u6e05\u51c0\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(22) \u4f5b\u6559\u6e90\u4e8e\u5370\u5ea6\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u5411\u56fd\u5916\u4f20\u64ad\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5206\u6210\u4e24\u5927\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a\u5411\u5317\u65b9\u6d41\u4f20\u7684\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5317\u4f20\u4f5b\u6559\uff1b\u5411\u5357\u65b9\u4f20\u64ad\u8def\u7ebf\uff0c\u6d41\u4f20\u5230\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u3001\u7f05\u7538\u3001\u6cf0\u56fd\u3001\u67ec\u57d4\u5be8\u3001\u8001\u631d\uff0c\u53ca\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e91\u5357\u50a3\u65cf\u7b49\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u201c\u5357\u4f20\u4f5b\u6559\u201d\u3002\u5357\u4f20\u4f5b\u6559\uff0c\u4ee5\u5df4\u5229\u8bed\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5df4\u5229\u8bed\u7cfb\u4f5b\u6559\u201d\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e25\u683c\u9075\u7167\u4f5b\u9640\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0a\u5ea7\u957f\u8001\u7684\u8a00\u6559\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u884c\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4e25\u683c\u9075\u5b88\u539f\u59cb\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u201c\u4e0a\u5ea7\u90e8\u4f5b\u6559\u201d\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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(24)\u5468\u65b9\u6cbb\u8457\uff0c\u674e\u6587\u4e3b\u7f16\uff0e\u4e0a\u5ea7\u90e8\u4f5b\u6559\u4e0e\u6cf0\u56fd\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u8f6c\u578b\uff3bJ\uff3d\uff0e\u4e1c\u4e9a\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u53d8\u9769\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u6587\u732e\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2006\uff1a173-174\u3002\u539f\u6587\u89c1\u5085\u589e\u6709\uff0e\u5c0f\u4e58\u4f5b\u6559\u5bf9\u6e44\u516c\u6cb3\u6d41\u57df\u56fd\u5bb6\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff3bJ\uff3d\uff0e\u4e1c\u5357\u4e9a\uff0c1996\uff0c1\uff1a 53-59\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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\n\u4e00\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u95ee\u9898\u4e0e\u76ee\u7684
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\n\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u5bf9\u4e8e\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u5173\u6000\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u548c\u4e09\u5341\u4e03\u9053\u54c1\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5185\u5bb9\u5173\u7cfb\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u540c\u4e00\u6761\u9053\u8def\u3002
\n\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u548c\u5165\u4e16\u95f4\u4eba\u751f\u5173\u6000\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u8fde\u63a5\u70b9\u5173\u952e\u4f55\u5728\u3002
\n\uff08\u56db\uff09\u201c\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u201d\uff08V-Star\uff09\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u5373\u5982\u4f55\u575a\u6301\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u4e0d\u5931\u4f5b\u6559\u672c\u4f4d\uff0c\u9075\u5faa\u4f5b\u9640\u6559\u5bfc\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u9002\u5e94\u65f6\u4ee3\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u8bf4\u660e\u8be5\u6d3b\u52a8\u5b9e\u8df5\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

(25) \u5728\u897f\u65b9\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4ee5\u7f57\u9a6c\u5b57\u4f53\uff0c\u914d\u5408\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fa8\u89c6\u7b26\u53f7\u6765\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e66\u5199\uff0c\u5982\u201c\u5df4\u5229\u5723\u5178\u534f\u4f1a\u201d\uff08PTS\uff09\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u5178\u7c4d\u3002\u89c1James W. Gair & W.S. Karunatillake\u8457\uff0c\u6eab\u5b97\u5803\u7f16\u8bd1\uff0e\u5c55\u8bfb\u5df4\u5229\u65b0\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff1a\u8fdb\u5165\u4f5b\u9640\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u4e16\u754c\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\uff1a\u6cd5\u9f13\u6587\u5316\uff0c2015:22.\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u4f7f\u7528\u82f1\u56fd\u5df4\u5229\u5723\u5178\u534f\u4f1a\u7248\uff08PTS\uff09\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u8ff0\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u671f\u671b\u8fbe\u6210\u4ee5\u4e0b\u76ee\u7684\uff1a
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\n\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u9610\u660e\u6cf0\u56fd\u4f5b\u6559\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e0e\u4fee\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5bf9\u63d0\u5347\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u4eba\u751f\u54c1\u8d28\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u4f5c\u7528\u3002
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\n\uff08\u56db\uff09\u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u201d\uff08V-Star\uff09\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u9610\u660e\u4f5b\u6cd5\u6559\u7406\u6240\u6559\u5bfc\u7684\u51fa\u4e16\u548c\u5165\u4e16\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u5173\u6000\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u5bf9\u5927\u4f17\u6709\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u5bfc\u5411\u548c\u5229\u76ca\u3002\u672c\u4e66\u5e0c\u671b\u6709\u629b\u7816\u5f15\u7389\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4e3a\u76f8\u5173\u5355\u4f4d\uff08\u5982\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f5b\u6559\u754c\uff09\u63d0\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003\u6848\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00a0(26) \u201c\u5df4\u5229\u201d(P\u0101li)\u4e00\u8bed\u539f\u662f\u201c\u5723\u5178\u201d\u201c\u4fdd\u62a4\u8005\u201d\u4e4b\u610f\uff0c\u800c\u5e76\u975e\u6307\u6587\u5b57\u3002\u5df4\u5229\u8bed\u88ab\u89c6\u540c\u6469
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 <\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5
\n\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c06\u6587\u732e\u5b66\u3001\u53f2\u5b66\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fdb\u8def\uff0c\u4ee5\u5357\u4f20\u4f5b\u6559\u6587\u732e\u3001\u6ce8\u91ca\u4e66\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u8d44\u6599\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u7530\u91ce\u8c03\u67e5\u548c\u8bbf\u8c08\u7b49\u8d44\u6599\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u4e0e\u73b0\u5b9e\u7814\u7a76\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u63a2\u7a76\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f52\u7eb3\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
\n\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u6587\u732e\u68b3\u7406\uff1a
\n1.\u5f15\u7528\u7b2c\u4e00\u624b\u5df4\u5229\u539f\u6587\u4e0e\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff08\u6cf0\u6587\u3001\u6c49\u6587\uff09\u5927\u85cf\u7ecf\uff0c\u722c\u68b3\u76f8\u5173\u4e3b\u9898\uff1b\u8fd0\u7528\u5357\u4f20\u5df4\u5229\u6587\u4e09\u85cf\uff08Tipi\u1e6daka\uff09\u53ca\u6ce8\u91ca(A\u1e6d\u1e6dakath\u0101)\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u63a2\u7a76\u521d\u671f\u4f5b\u6559\u4eba\u751f\u5173\u6000\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u4e49\u7406\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u6574\u7406\u3002
\n2.\u4ee5\u7b2c\u4e8c\u624b\u6cf0\u3001\u82f1\u3001\u6c49\u76f8\u5173\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u63a2\u7a76\u6cf0\u56fd\u5357\u4f20\u4f5b\u6559\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u6000\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u3001\u5b9e\u52a1\u3001\u8fd0\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0e\u672a\u6765\u5c55\u671b\u3002\u6700\u540e\u4ece\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u6000\u7684\u4fa7\u9762\uff0c\u53ca\u6240\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u9610\u8ff0\u4e0e\u8bf4\u660e\u3002
\n\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u95ee\u5377\u8c03\u67e5\uff1a\u5bf9\u8d1f\u8d23\u201c\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u201d\uff08V-Star\uff09\u6d3b\u52a8\u768473\u6240\u4e2d\u5c0f\u5b66\u6559\u5e08\u8fdb\u884c\u95ee\u5377\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u63a2\u7a76\uff0c\u8bba\u8ff0\u8be5\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u6548\u679c\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u5176\u56e0\u7f18\u4e0e\u9700\u8981\u6539\u8fdb\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u8ba1\u5212\u672a\u6765\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e0e\u8fdc\u666f\u3002
\n\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u7efc\u5408\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

(27) \u6cf0\u8bd1\u672c\uff1a\u867d\u7136\u62c9\u739b\u4e09\u4e16\uff081824\u81f31851\u5728\u4f4d\uff09\u4e4b\u524d\u4e5f\u6709\u6cf0\u8bd1\u672c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u5b8c\u6574\u3002\u62c9\u739b\u4e09\u4e16\u5f00\u59cb\u8c15\u4ee4\u591a\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e09\u85cf\u53ca\u7279\u522b\u8bba\u5178\u4e3a\u6cf0\u6587\u3002\u5230\u62c9\u739b\u516b\u4e16\u5728\u4f4d\u65f6\uff0c\u4e8e1930-1955 \u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u5b8c\u6574\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6cf0\u8bed\u4e09\u85cf\u201d\u3002\u73b0\u5b58\u6700\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u6469\u8bc3\u9a6c\u56fa\u5927\u5b66\uff08Mahamakut Buddhist University\uff09\u4e8e1980\u5e74\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u542b\u6709\u6ce8\u91ca\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff0c\u5171\u4e5d\u5341\u4e00\u518c\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u6469\u8bc3\u6731\u62c9\u9686\u529f\u5927\u5b66\uff08Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University\uff09\u4e8e1992 \u5e74\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u5171\u56db\u5341\u4e94\u518c\u3002\u89c1Sutap Promled\uff0eTipitaka Study, 2nd ed.\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eBangkok\uff1aThaidiary Press, 2009\uff1a128-132.\u672c\u6587\u4f7f\u7528\u6469\u8bc3\u9a6c\u56fa\u5927\u5b66\u7248\u672c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(28) \u6c49\u8bd1\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bd1\u672c\uff0c\u8f83\u5b8c\u6574\u662f\u53f0\u6e7e\u5143\u4ea8\u5bfa\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300a\u6c49\u8bd1\u5357\u4f20\u5927\u85cf\u7ecf\u300b\uff0c\u517170\u518c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bd1\u672c\u662f\u53c2\u8003\u65e5\u8bd1\u7248\u300a\u5357\u4f20\u5927\u85cf\u7ecf\u300b\u8f6c\u8bd1\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\uff0c1998\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bd1\u672c\u5728 2012 \u5e74\u5317\u5927\u2014\u6cd5\u80dc\u5df4\u5229\u6587\u4e09\u85cf\u521a\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300a\u6c49\u8bd1\u5df4\u5229\u6587\u4e09\u85cf\u00b7\u7ecf\u85cf\u00b7\u957f\u90e8\u300b\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8282 \u4e13\u95e8\u540d\u8bcd\u91ca\u4e49<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u9898\u76ee\u662f\u201c\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u4e0e\u4eba\u751f\u5173\u6000\uff1a\u4ee5\u6cf0\u56fd\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\uff08V-Star\uff09\u6d3b\u52a8\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e3a\u4f8b\u201d\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u4e13\u6709\u540d\u8bcd\u201c\u4eba\u751f\u5173\u6000\u201d\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u8bd5\u5bf9\u5176\u91ca\u4e49\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
\n\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u201c\u4eba\u751f\u5173\u6000\u201d\u7684\u8bf4\u660e
\n\u201c\u4eba\u751f\u5173\u6000\u201d\u6307\u7684\u662f\u4f5b\u6559\u201c\u4ee5\u4eba\u4e3a\u672c\u201d\u7684\u5173\u6000\u3002\u4f5b\u6559\u627f\u8ba4\u4eba\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u5c0a\u8d35\u6027\u4e0e\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4eba\u751f\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u6211\u53d1\u5c55\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u5b8c\u5584\u5230\u81f3\u4e0a\u7684\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u5373\u65ad\u5c3d\u70e6\u607c\u6210\u5723\u4eba\u3002\u201c\u4eba\u751f\u5173\u6000\u201d\u6709\u53cc\u5c42\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u4f5b\u6559\u4ee5\u6559\u80b2\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u4e0e\u6839\u672c\u6765\u5173\u5fc3\u4eba\u7c7b\u591a\u5143\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u4f5b\u6559\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4eba\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u7269\u8d28\u751f\u547d\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u7cbe\u795e\u3001\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u6574\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u3002
\n \u00a0 \u00a0\u7b14\u8005\u8bba\u8ff0\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\uff1a<\/strong>
\n1.\u5165\u4e16\u95f4\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u5173\u6000\uff08\u73b0\u5b9e\u5173\u6000\uff09
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\n\u4f5b\u6559\u91cd\u89c6\u4eba\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u5730\u4f4d\u548c\u4e2a\u6027\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u6fc0\u53d1\u4eba\u7c7b\u81ea\u5f8b\u3001\u65ad\u6076\u3001\u79ef\u6781\u884c\u5584\u3001\u51c0\u5316\u5fc3\u7075\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4eba\u4e3b\u52a8\u5730\u5168\u9762\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u5982\u679c\u786e\u5b9a\u4fdd\u6301\u6b63\u89c1\u548c\u6b63\u5f53\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u63d0\u5347\u81ea\u5df1\u3001\u5b89\u8eab\u7acb\u547d\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d4e\u4e16\u6551\u4eba\uff0c\u5949\u732e\u793e\u4f1a\u5927\u4f17\uff0c\u81ea\u5229\u5229\u4ed6\u3002
\n2.\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u5173\u6000\uff08\u7ec8\u6781\u5173\u6000\uff09
\n\u4f5b\u6559\u6559\u80b2\u4eba\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u6b21\u7b2c\u4fee\u884c\u4e86\u8131\u751f\u6b7b\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u751f\u547d\u81f3\u4e0a\u7684\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u65ad\u5c3d\u8bf8\u70e6\u607c\uff0c\u89e3\u8131\u6d85\u69c3\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4f9d\u6258\u539f\u59cb\u4f5b\u6559\u5df4\u5229\u6587\u4e09\u85cf\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u5176\u68b3\u7406\u3001\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5f52\u7eb3\uff0c\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\u4e00\u5957\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u4fee\u884c\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u539f\u59cb\u4f5b\u6559\u4fee\u884c\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u4eba\u751f\u5173\u6000\u201d\uff0c\u5728\u300a\u5f8b\u85cf\u2022\u5927\u54c1\u5927\u728d\u5ea6\u300b\u6709\u5982\u662f\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u5f00\u793a\uff1a\u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6211\u89e3\u8131\u5929\u3001\u4eba\u4e00\u5207\u7f57\u7f51\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6c5d\u7b49\u4ea6\u89e3\u8131\u5929\u3001\u4eba\u4e00\u5207\u7f57\u7f51\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u53bb\u6e38\u884c\uff01\u6b64\u4e43\u4e3a\u4f17\u751f\u5229\u76ca\u3001\u4f17\u751f\u5b89\u4e50\u3001\u54c0\u610d\u4e16\u95f4\u3001\u4eba\u5929\u4e4b\u4e49\u5229\u3001\u5229\u76ca\u3001\u5b89\u4e50\uff0c\u5207\u52ff\u4e8c\u4eba\u540c\u884c\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6559\u8bf4\u521d\u5584\u3001\u4e2d\u5584\u3001\u540e\u5584\uff0c\u4e14\u5177\u8db3\u4e49\u7406\u3001\u6587\u53e5\u4e4b\u6cd5\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u7686\u6089\u5706\u6ee1\u6e05\u51c0\u68b5\u884c\u3002\u6709\u60c5\u6709\u5c11\u5c18\u57a2\u8005\uff0c\u82e5\u4e0d\u95fb\u6cd5\u8005\u9000\u5815\uff0c\u95fb\u6cd5\u8005\u5373\u5f97\u609f\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u6bb5\u7ecf\u6587\u8bf4\u660e\u4f5b\u9640\u901a\u8fc7\u4fee\u884c\uff0c\u8bc1\u609f\u4f5b\u6cd5\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f17\u751f\u7684\u201c\u5229\u76ca\u4e0e\u5b89\u4e50\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u4eba\u751f\u5173\u6000\u201d\u3002
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 <\/p>\n

(29)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eVin.I.27-28.; \ufe5dMBU.\ufe5e\u518c6\uff0cp.72\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c3\uff0c\u987528.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(30) \u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u82e5\u6bd4\u4e18\u4e0d\u65ad\u6b64\u7b49\u4e94\u8005\u4e4b\u969c\u3001\u76d6\uff0c\u8986\u853d\u5176\u5fc3\u3001\u8870\u635f\u5176\u6167\u8005\uff0c\u4e8e\u6167\u65e0\u529b\u800c\u8d62\u52a3\uff0c\u5219\u6216\u77e5\u81ea\u5229\uff0c\u6216\u77e5\u5229\u4ed6\uff0c\u6216\u77e5\u4ff1\u5229\uff0c\u6216\u4f9d\u4eba\u4e4b\u5584\u884c\u800c\u66f4\u80fd\u4f5c\u6b8a\u80dc\u4e4b\u5723\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4f5c\u8bc1\u667a\u89c1\uff0c\u65e0\u6709\u6b64\u7406\u3002\u201d\uff08\u53cd\u4e4b\u4ea6\u7136\uff09 \ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c21\uff0c\u987576-77.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.III.p.63-64.<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u81ea\u7231\u3001\u81ea\u62a4\u7684\u8bf4\u660e
\n\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u6559\u5316\u662f\u8ba9\u4eba\u61c2\u5f97\u81ea\u6211\u5173\u6000\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u5173\u6000\u3002\u81ea\u6211\u5173\u6000\u662f\u6307\u201c\u81ea\u7231\u3001\u81ea\u62a4\u201d\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u81ea\u7231\u3001\u81ea\u62a4\uff0c\u5728\u76f8\u5e94\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u6709\u5982\u662f\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff1a\u867d\u7136\u8bf4\u6211\u662f\u81ea\u7231\u3001\u81ea\u62a4\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ee5\u8eab\u53e3\u610f\u6765\u884c\u6076\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u975e\u81ea\u7231\u3001\u81ea\u62a4\u8005\u3002\u4eba\u4f9d\u8eab\u800c\u884c\u5584\u884c\uff0c\u4f9d\u8bed\u800c\u884c\u5584\u884c\uff0c\u4f9d\u610f\u800c\u884c\u5584\u884c\uff0c\u624d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7231\u62a4\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u56e0\u679c\u4e1a\u62a5\uff0c\u884c\u5584\u8005\u529f\u5fb7\u4ee4\u5f97\u5b89\u4e50\uff0c\u7531\u662f\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u81ea\u7231\u3001\u81ea\u62a4\u8ddf\u4e16\u4fd7\u7684\u201c\u81ea\u79c1\u201d\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u4f5b\u6cd5\u6559\u80b2\u4eba\u4eec\u61c2\u5f97\u81ea\u7231\u81ea\u62a4\uff0c\u4f1a\u7528\u8eab\u53e3\u610f\u884c\u5584\uff0c\u4e0d\u9020\u6076\u4e1a\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u8eab\u53e3\u610f\u6e05\u51c0\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

(31)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.I.p.72.\u300a\u7231\u8005\u7ecf\u300b; \ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.I.p.73.\u300a\u81ea\u62a4\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(32) \u81ea\u79c1\u662f\u6307\u53ea\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u6253\u7b97\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4eba\u5229\u76ca\u9700\u6c42\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u53ca\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u4e2a\u4f53\u9762\u4e34\u81ea\u5df1\u5229\u76ca\u4e0e\u5bf9\u65b9\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u4e0d\u8ba1\u5bf9\u65b9\u635f\u5931\uff0c\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u81ea\u5df1\u5229\u76ca\u4e3a\u4e3b\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u81ea\u5229\u3001\u5229\u4ed6\u7684\u8bf4\u660e
\n\u4ece\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u770b\u5f85\u81ea\u5229\u3001\u5229\u4ed6\u4e4b\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u662f\u81ea\u5229\uff1f\u5982\u4f55\u662f\u5229\u4ed6\uff1f\u636e\u4f5b\u6559\u7ecf\u5178\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u6574\u7406\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e16\u95f4\u7684\u56db\u79cd\u4eba \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5185\u5bb9
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

1.\u4e3a\u81ea\u5229\u800c\u884c\uff0c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1.\u81ea\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u6212\uff0c\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4e0d\u529d\u8bf7\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u6212\uff1b<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u4e3a\u5229\u4ed6\u800c\u884c(33)\u3002 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 2.\u81ea\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4e0d\u529d\u8bf7\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u5b9a\uff1b<\/p>\n

3.\u81ea\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u6167\uff0c\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4e0d\u529d\u8bf7\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u6167\uff1b
\n4.\u81ea\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u89e3\u8131\uff0c\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4e0d\u529d\u8bf7\u5177\u8db3\u89e3\u8131\uff1b
\n5.\u81ea\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u89e3\u8131\u667a\u89c1\uff0c\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4e0d\u529d\u8bf7\u5177\u8db3\u89e3\u8131\u667a\u89c1\u3002<\/p>\n

2.\u4e3a\u5229\u4ed6\u800c\u884c\uff0c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01.\u81ea\u4e8e\u6212\u4e0d\u5177\u8db3\uff0c\u4e8e\u4ed6\u529d\u8bf7\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u6212\uff1b
\n\u4e0d\u4e3a\u81ea\u5229\u800c\u884c(34)\u3002 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a02.\u81ea\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e0d\u5177\u8db3\uff0c\u4e8e\u4ed6\u529d\u8bf7\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u5b9a\uff1b<\/p>\n

3.\u81ea\u4e8e\u6167\u4e0d\u5177\u8db3\uff0c\u4e8e\u4ed6\u529d\u8bf7\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u6167\uff1b
\n4.\u81ea\u4e0d\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u89e3\u8131\uff0c\u4e8e\u4ed6\u529d\u8bf7\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u89e3\u8131\uff1b
\n5.\u81ea\u4e0d\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u89e3\u8131\u667a\u89c1\uff0c\u4e8e\u4ed6\u529d\u8bf7\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u89e3\u8131\u667a\u89c1\u3002<\/p>\n

3.\u4e0d\u4e3a\u81ea\u5229\u800c\u884c\uff0c\u4ea6 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a01.\u81ea\u4e0d\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u6212\uff0c\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4ea6\u4e0d\u529d\u8bf7\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u6212\uff1b<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u4e3a\u5229\u4ed6\u800c\u884c(35)\u3002 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a02.\u81ea\u4e0d\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4ea6\u4e0d\u529d\u8bf7\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u5b9a\uff1b<\/p>\n

3.\u81ea\u4e0d\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u6167\uff0c\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4ea6\u4e0d\u529d\u8bf7\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u6167\uff1b<\/p>\n

4.\u81ea\u4e0d\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u89e3\u8131\uff0c\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4ea6\u4e0d\u529d\u8bf7\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u89e3\u8131\uff1b<\/p>\n

5.\u81ea\u4e0d\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u89e3\u8131\u667a\u89c1\uff0c\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4ea6\u4e0d\u529d\u8bf7\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u89e3\u8131\u667a\u89c1\u3002<\/p>\n

4.\u4e3a\u81ea\u5229\u800c\u884c\uff0c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01.\u81ea\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u6212\uff0c\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4ea6\u529d\u8bf7\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u6212\uff1b
\n\u53c8\u4e3a\u5229\u4ed6\u800c\u884c(36)\u3002 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a02.\u81ea\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4ea6\u529d\u8bf7\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u5b9a\uff1b<\/p>\n

3.\u81ea\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u6167\uff0c\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4ea6\u529d\u8bf7\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u6167\uff1b
\n4.\u81ea\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u89e3\u8131\uff0c\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4ea6\u529d\u8bf7\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u89e3\u8131\uff1b
\n5.\u81ea\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u89e3\u8131\u667a\u89c1\uff0c\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4ea6\u529d\u8bf7\u5177\u8db3\u89e3\u8131\u667a\u89c1\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

(33)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.III.p.12. ; \ufe5dMBU.\ufe5e\u518c36\uff0cp.25.; \ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c21\uff0c\u987516\u3002
\n<\/strong>(34)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.III.p.13. ; \ufe5dMBU.\ufe5e\u518c36\uff0cp.26.; \ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c21\uff0c\u987516\u3002
\n<\/strong>(35)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.III.p.13. ; \ufe5dMBU.\ufe5e\u518c36\uff0cp.27.; \ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c21\uff0c\u987516\u3002
\n<\/strong>(36)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.III.p.14. ; \ufe5dMBU.\ufe5e\u518c36\uff0cp.27.; \ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c21\uff0c\u987517\u3002
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4ece\u4e0a\u8ff0\u56db\u79cd\u4eba\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u8d5e\u626c\u201c\u4e3a\u81ea\u5229\u800c\u884c\uff0c\u53c8\u4e3a\u5229\u4ed6\u800c\u884c\u201d\u7684\u7b2c\u56db\u79cd\u4eba\u3002\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u300a\u77e5\u6cd5\u7ecf\u300b\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u77e5\u4e49\u3001\u77e5\u6cd5\u540e\u4f9d\u6cd5\u800c\u4fee\u6cd5\u7684\u4eba\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\uff1a\u4e00\u8005\u4fee\u884c\u4e3a\u5229\u5df1\u4e0d\u4e3a\u5229\u4ed6\uff0c\u4e00\u8005\u4fee\u884c\u65e2\u4e3a\u5229\u5df1\u4e5f\u4e3a\u5229\u4ed6\u3002\u4e3a\u5229\u5df1\u4e0d\u4e3a\u5229\u4ed6\u800c\u4fee\u884c\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u4eba\uff0c\u5c31\u4ee5\u5982\u6b64\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4ed6\u5e94\u53d7\u8bc3\u8d23\uff1b\u65e2\u4e3a\u5229\u5df1\u4e5f\u4e3a\u5229\u4ed6\u800c\u4fee\u884c\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u4eba\uff0c\u5c31\u4ee5\u5982\u6b64\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4ed6\u5e94\u53d7\u8d5e\u8d4f\u3002\u201d(37)
\n\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\uff1a<\/p>\n

1.\u4f5b\u6559\u201c\u81ea\u5229\u201d\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u662f\u6307\u81ea\u8eab\u4fee\u884c\u4ee5\u953b\u70bc\u3001\u6539\u5584\u3001\u51c0\u5316\u8eab\u53e3\u610f\uff0c\u4fee\u6212\u3001\u5b9a\u3001\u6167\uff0c\u8bc1\u5f97\u89e3\u8131\u3001\u89e3\u8131\u667a\u89c1\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4e00\u822c\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u201c\u81ea\u79c1\u201d\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u3002
\n2.\u4f5b\u6559\u201c\u5229\u4ed6\u201d\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u662f\u6307\u5173\u6000\u3001\u7231\u62a4\u4ed6\u4eba\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f5b\u6cd5\u6559\u80b2\u6c11\u4f17\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eba\u4f5c\u5584\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e3a\u5df1\u4efb\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ed6\u4eba\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u5177\u8db3\u4e8e\u6212\u3001\u5b9a\u3001\u6167\u3001\u89e3\u8131\u3001\u89e3\u8131\u667a\u89c1\uff0c\u540c\u767b\u5f7c\u5cb8(38)\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u3002
\n3.\u77e5\u4e49\u3001\u77e5\u6cd5\u540e\u4f9d\u6cd5\u800c\u4fee\u6cd5\u8005\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u6cd5\u7684\u5229\u5df1\uff0c\u5f53\u5206\u4eab\u4f5b\u6cd5\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eba\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6709\u504f\u5dee\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f15\u5bfc\u522b\u4eba\u8ff7\u8def\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4f5b\u9640\u8d5e\u8d4f\u7684\u3002
\n4.\u672c\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4f5b\u6559\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u751f\u547d\u6559\u80b2\u201d\uff0c\u80fd\u5b89\u8eab\u7acb\u547d\uff0c\u6539\u5584\u63d0\u5347\u81ea\u5df1\u751f\u547d\u7684\u54c1\u8d28\uff0c\u81ea\u8eab\u5b9e\u8df5\u4fee\u884c\uff0c\u8d70\u5411\u5e78\u798f\u5b89\u4e50\u4e0e\u89e3\u8131\uff0c\u53c8\u5173\u6000\u4ed6\u4eba\uff0c\u8fd0\u7528\u5404\u79cd\u5584\u5de7\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6765\u6559\u5316\u4ed6\u4eba\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u6210\u5c31\u3002\u201c\u4ee5\u667a\u6167\u884c\u6148\u60b2\u201d\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u6211\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5927\u4f17\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u5173\u6000\u3002\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u6839\u672c\u7cbe\u795e\u53ca\u4eba\u751f\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u201c\u81ea\u5229\u3001\u5229\u4ed6\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

(37)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.IV.p.116.\u3008Mah\u0101-vagga.dhamma\u00f1\u00f1\u016bsutta\u3009\u3002
\n<\/strong>(38)\u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6c5d\u7b49\u82e5\u6709\u5e94\u6240\u601c\u610d\u3001\u5e94\u6240\u542c\u95fb\u3001\u601d\u5ff5\u4e4b\u670b\u53cb\u3001\u4eb2\u621a\u3001\u8840\u65cf\u8005\uff0c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6c5d\u7b49\u5bf9\u5f7c\u7b49\u5e94\u5c06\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\u4e4b\u5982\u5b9e\u73b0\u89c2\uff0c\u529d\u5bfc\u4f7f\u4e60\u4f4f\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.434-435.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c18\uff0c\u9875331-332; \u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6c5d\u7b49\u5e94\u54c0\u610d\u3001\u5e94\u601d\u5ff5\u4e8e\u542c\u95fb\u6c5d\u8005\uff0c\u82e5\u6709\u670b\u53cb\u3001\u4eb2\u621a\u3001\u8840\u65cf\u8005\uff0c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6c5d\u7b49\u5219\u529d\u5bfc\u4e8e\u5f7c\u7b49\uff0c\u5f53\u4fee\u4e60\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\uff0c\u4f7f\u4fee\u4e60\u800c\u4f4f\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.189.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c17\uff0c\u9875387\u3002\u300a\u53cb\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u7b2c\u4e09\u8282 \u5168\u6587\u7ed3\u6784\u6982\u51b5
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u672c\u4e66\u5171\u5206\u4e94\u7ae0\u3002\u9664\u672c\u7ae0\u5916\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3001\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4ee5\u539f\u59cb\u4f5b\u6559\u5df4\u5229\u6587\u4e09\u85cf\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u8303\u56f4\u3002
\n\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u5173\u6000\uff0c\u4fee\u884c\u89e3\u8131\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\u3002\u9996\u5148\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e09\u5341\u4e03\u9053\u54c1\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u4fee\u884c\u6838\u5fc3\u4e0e\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u5982\u4f55\u4e92\u76f8\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u4f9d\u636e\u300a\u8f6c\u6cd5\u8f6e\u7ecf\u300b\u548c\u300a\u5927\u56db\u5341\u7ecf\u300b\u63a2\u7a76\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u7f18\u8d77\u4e4b\u80cc\u666f\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u4fee\u884c\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u4e4b\u8def\u7ebf\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5904\u7406\u51fa\u4e16\u4e0e\u5165\u4e16\u7406\u8bba\u4e4b\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u51fa\u4e16\u548c\u5165\u4e16\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8f68\u9053\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4fee\u884c\u89e3\u8131\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u5f0f\u56e0\u7f18\u3002
\n\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u5165\u4e16\u95f4\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u5173\u6000\uff0c\u63a2\u7a76\u4f5b\u6559\u7ecf\u5178\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u9002\u5e94\u5f53\u4ee3\u4ee5\u5b9e\u9645\u8fd0\u7528\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u5728\u73b0\u5b9e\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u3002\u5185\u5bb9\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f5b\u6559\u6b63\u9053\u751f\u6d3b\uff08\u7406\u667a\u60c5\u64cd\u3001\u9053\u5fb7\u00a0\u4fee\u517b\u3001\u7cbe\u795e\u4fee\u70bc\uff09\uff1b\u4f5b\u6559\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\uff08\u5b8f\u89c2\u3001\u5fae\u89c2\uff09\uff1b\u4f5b\u6559\u7ecf\u6d4e\u751f\u6d3b\uff08\u8d22\u5bcc\u89c2\u3001\u804c\u4e1a\u9053\u5fb7\u3001\u5efa\u6784\u804c\u4e1a\u7cbe\u795e\u7b49\uff09\u3002
\n\u5728\u7406\u6e05\u4f5b\u6559\u5723\u5178\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u5185\u5bb9\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u63a2\u8ba8\u5230\u5f53\u4ee3\u6cf0\u56fd\u4f5b\u6559\u6559\u5316\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u7684\u65b0\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u201c\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\uff08V-Star\uff09\u6d3b\u52a8\u201d\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u63a2\u7a76\u201c\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u201d\u4e4b\u601d\u60f3\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u8be5\u6d3b\u52a8\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u9053\u5fb7\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u7530\u91ce\u8c03\u67e5\u4e03\u5341\u4e09\u6240\u4e2d\u5c0f\u5b66\u6559\u5e08\u548c\u5bb6\u957f\u53cd\u9988\u53ca\u5176\u6548\u679c\u4e0e\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5e76\u5206\u6790\u6d3b\u52a8\u6210\u679c\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002
\n\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\u5219\u662f\u5404\u7ae0\u91cd\u8981\u8bba\u70b9\u7684\u6574\u7406\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u5168\u4e66\u4e4b\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_toggle title=”\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0” el_id=”1499069435004-e65fae9d-ccbe”]<\/p>\n

\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u5173\u6000<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4f5b\u6cd5\u6559\u80b2\u4eba\u5982\u4f55\u4ee5\u6b21\u7b2c\u4fee\u884c\u4e86\u8131\u751f\u6b7b\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u751f\u547d\u81f3\u4e0a\u7684\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u65ad\u5c3d\u8bf8\u70e6\u607c\uff0c\u89e3\u8131\u6d85\u69c3\u3002\u672c\u7ae0\u63a2\u8ba8\u5173\u4e8e\u5949\u884c\u6839\u672c\u4f5b\u6559\u7406\u8bba\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u89e3\u8131\u7684\u8def\u7ecf\u3002\u4e09\u5341\u4e03\u9053\u54c1\u5373\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u6cd5\uff0c\u662f\u65e0\u4e3a\u4e4b\u9053\uff0c\u4ea6\u662f\u5357\u3001\u5317\u4f20\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u5171\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u300a\u6469\u8bc3\u822c\u82e5\u6ce2\u7f57\u871c\u7ecf\u300b\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u5e94\u5177\u8db3\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\u3001\u56db\u6b63\u52e4\u3001\u56db\u5982\u610f\u8db3\u3001\u4e94\u6839\u3001\u4e94\u529b\u3001\u4e03\u89c9\u5206\u3001\u516b\u5723\u9053\u5206\u201d\uff0c\u300a\u7ef4\u6469\u8bd8\u6240\u8bf4\u7ecf\u2022\u4f5b\u56fd\u54c1\u300b\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u83e9\u8428\u884c\u4e09\u5341\u4e03\u9053\u54c1\u4e4b\u6cd5\u6545\uff0c\u4e8e\u4f5b\u56fd\u5f97\u9053\u201d\uff0c\u300a\u4f5b\u8bf4\u81ea\u8a93\u4e09\u6627\u7ecf\u300b\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u4e09\u5341\u4e03\u54c1\u5177\u8db3\u4f5b\u4e8b\u201d\uff0c\u300a\u5927\u822c\u6d85\u69c3\u7ecf\u300b\u4ea6\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u83e9\u8428\u4fee\u4e60\u4e09\u5341\u4e03\u54c1\uff0c\u5165\u5927\u6d85\u69c3\uff0c\u5e38\u3001\u4e50\u3001\u6211\u3001\u51c0\u201d\u3002
\n\u636e\u300a\u5927\u822c\u6d85\u69c3\u7ecf\u300b\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u8fdb\u5165\u822c\u6d85\u69c3\u4e4b\u524d\u4e09\u4e2a\u6708\u529d\u8beb\u50e7\u56e2\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\u3001\u56db\u6b63\u52e4\u3001\u56db\u795e\u8db3\u3001\u4e94\u6839\u3001\u4e94\u529b\u3001\u4e03\u89c9\u652f\u3001\u516b\u5723\u9053\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u6211\u6240\u8bc1\u77e5\u5e76\u4e14\u5ba3\u8bf4\u4e4b\u8bf8\u6cd5\u3002\u4f60\u4eec\u5e94\u5584\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u5b9e\u8df5\u3001\u4fee\u4e60\u3001\u5ba3\u5e03\u3002\u4ee4\u6b64\u68b5\u884c\uff0c\u957f\u7eed\u4e45\u4f4f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f17\u751f\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u4e0e\u5b89\u4e50\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u6148\u610d\u4e16\u95f4\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4eba\u5929\u4e4b\u5229\u76ca\u548c\u5b89\u4e50\u3002\u201d\u672c\u7ecf\u6587\u5f3a\u8c03\u8981\u5bf9\u4e09\u5341\u4e03\u9053\u54c1\u5584\u52a0\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u5e94<\/p>\n

(1) \u201c\u4f55\u7b49\u4e4b\u6cd5\u662f\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\uff1f\u4e43\u56db\u5ff5\u4f4f\u3001\u56db\u6b63\u52e4\u3001\u56db\u795e\u8db3\u3001\u4e94\u6839\u3001\u4e94\u529b\u3001\u4e03\u89c9\u652f\u3001\u516b\u5723\u9053\u3001\u56db\u5723\u9053\u3001\u56db\u6c99\u95e8\u679c\u53ca\u6d85\u69c3\u3002\u6b64\u7b49\u4e4b\u6cd5\u662f\u51fa\u4e16 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u95f4\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5ePs.II.p.166.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c44\uff0c\u987576.\u300a\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u8bba\u300b\uff1b\u201c\u6211\u8bf4\u793a\u5f97\u8bc1\u4e4b\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\uff1a\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\u3001\u56db\u6b63\u52e4\u3001\u56db\u795e\u8db3\u3001\u4e94\u6839\u3001\u4e94\u529b\u3001 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e03\u89c9\u652f\u3001\u516b\u5723\u9053\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.II.p.245.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c11\uff0c\u9875258\u3002\u300a\u820d\u5f25\u6751\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(2) \u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u4f55\u8005\u4e3a\u65e0\u4e3a\u8036\uff1f\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u8d2a\u6b32\u4e4b\u574f\u706d\u3001\u778b\u605a\u4e4b\u574f\u706d\u3001\u611a\u75f4\u4e4b\u574f\u706d\uff0c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6b64\u79f0\u4e3a\u65e0\u4e3a\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u4f55\u8005\u4e3a\u8fbe\u65e0\u4e3a\u4e4b\u9053\u8036\uff1f\u8bf8\u6bd4 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e18\uff01\u6b62\u4e0e\u89c2\uff0c\u6b64\u79f0\u4e3a\u8fbe\u65e0\u4e3a\u4e4b\u9053\u3002\u2026\u2026\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u4f55\u8005\u4e3a\u8fbe\u65e0\u4e3a\u4e4b\u9053\u8036\uff1f\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\u3001\u56db\u6b63\u52e4\u3001\u56db\u5982\u610f\u8db3\u3001\u4e94\u6839\u3001\u4e94\u529b\u3001\u4e03\u89c9\u652f\u3001\u516b\u652f\u5723\u9053\u3002 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6b64\u79f0\u4e3a\u8fbe\u65e0\u4e3a\u4e4b\u9053\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.IV.p.360-361.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c17\uff0c\u987564-66\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(3) T 08. 223 .p. 218 c.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(4) T 14.474.p. 520 a.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(5) T 15.622.p. 345 a.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(6) T 12.374.p. 521 c.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(7)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.II.p.120.\uff1b\ufe5dMBU.\ufe5e\u518c13\uff0cp.290.\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c7\uff0c\u987572.\u300a\u5927\u822c\u6d85\u69c3\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u7528\u3001\u5b9e\u4fee\uff0c\u6539\u53d8\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5bf9\u5927\u4f17\u5ba3\u8bb2\u4e0e\u6559\u5316\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u6cd5\u6d41\u4f20\u4e8e\u4e16\uff0c\u957f\u4f4f\u4eba\u95f4\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f17\u751f\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u4e0e\u5b89\u4e50\u3002\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u4fee\u884c\u5177\u53cc\u91cd\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u81ea\u5229\u3001\u5229\u4ed6\u3002
\n\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u8282\u4e3a\u4e09\u5341\u4e03\u9053\u54c1\u4fee\u884c\u4e4b\u8981\u9886\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8282\u4e3a\u516b\u5723\u9053\u4e4b\u4fee\u884c\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u8282\u4e3a\u51fa\u4e16\u4e0e\u5165\u4e16\u7406\u8bba\u4e4b\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u7b2c\u4e00\u8282 \u00a0\u4e09\u5341\u4e03\u9053\u54c1\u4fee\u884c\u4e4b\u8981\u9886<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u4e09\u5341\u4e03\u9053\u54c1\u662f\u539f\u59cb\u4f5b\u6559\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u4fee\u884c\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7eb2\u76ee\uff0c\u5728\u4f5b\u9640\u7684\u4e00\u751f\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u5904\u573a\u6240\u6216\u5728\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b8c\u6574\u5730\u5ba3\u8bf4\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4e09\u5341\u4e03\u9053\u54c1\u3002\u800c\u662f\u4ed6\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u5730\u70b9\uff0c\u5bf9\u5f1f\u5b50\u4eec\u6240\u5ba3\u8bf4\u4e03\u7ec4\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u4fee\u884c\u6cd5\u95e8\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8d8b\u5411\u89c9\u609f\u7684\u4fee\u884c\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u5176\u4e03\u7ec4\u867d\u7136\u88ab\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u4f46\u5404\u7ec4\u5185\u5bb9\u4ecd\u6709\u91cd\u5408\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5f62\u6210\u6574\u4f53\u3002\u81f3\u4eca\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u8bd5\u56fe\u5c06\u5176\u6574\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u878d\u3001\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u4fee\u4e60\u6574\u4f53\u3002\u672c\u8282\u7b14\u8005\u8ba1\u5212\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e09\u5341\u4e03\u9053\u54c1\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\u3001\u56db\u6b63\u52e4\u3001\u56db\u795e\u8db3\u3001\u4e94\u6839\u3001\u4e94\u529b\u3001\u4e03\u89c9\u652f\u548c\u516b\u5723\u9053\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fee\u6cd5\u5404\u81ea\u5177\u6709\u600e\u6837\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\u548c\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u76f8\u4e92\u4e4b\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u5176\u4fee\u884c\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u8981\u70b9\u53c8\u5728\u4f55\u5904\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u672c\u4e66\u4e4b\u7814\u7a76\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u7b14\u8005\u5e0c\u671b\u5bf9\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u68b3\u7406\uff0c\u80fd\u5bf9\u539f\u59cb\u4f5b\u6559\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u4fee\u884c\u4f53\u7cfb\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u9610\u660e\u4f5b\u6559\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u7684\u201c\u4eba\u751f\u5173\u6000\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e00\u3001\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\u3001\u4e03\u89c9\u652f\u548c\u516b\u5723\u9053\u4e4b\u5173\u7cfb
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u5173\u4e8e\u4fee\u4e60\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\uff0c\u300a\u957f\u90e8\u2022\u5927\u5ff5\u5904\u7ecf\u300b\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff1a\u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u4e3a\u4f17\u751f\u4e4b\u6e05\u51c0\uff0c\u4e3a\u5ea6\u5fe7\u60b2\uff0c\u4e3a\u706d\u82e6\u607c\uff0c\u4e3a\u5f97\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u4e3a\u8bc1\u6d85\u69c3\uff0c\u552f\u4e00\u8da3\u5411\u9053\uff0c\u5373\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u4e3a\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\uff1f\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6bd4\u4e18\u4e8e\u8eab\u89c2\u8eab\u800c\u4f4f\u2026\u2026\uff1b\u4e8e\u53d7\u89c2\u53d7\u800c\u4f4f\u2026\u2026\uff1b\u4e8e\u5fc3\u89c2\u5fc3\u800c\u4f4f\u2026\u2026\uff1b\u4e8e\u6cd5\u89c2\u6cd5\u800c\u4f4f\uff0c\u7cbe\u52e4\uff0c\u6b63\u77e5\u6b63\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e8e\u73b0\u4e16<\/p>\n

(8) (satipa\u1e6d\u1e6dh\u0101na\u5ff5\u5904)\u3002pa\u1e6d\u1e6dh\u0101na\u53ef\u4f5c\u4e24\u79cd\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u5373\uff1a\u201c\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u201d(upa\u1e6d\u1e6dh\u0101na)\u53ca\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u5ff5\u201d(sati)\u7684\u201c\u7acb\u8db3\u5904\u201d\u3002\u610f\u601d\u662f\u89c9\u77e5\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\uff08\u5ff5\u4f4f\u3001\u5ff5\u5904\uff09\u3001\u6b63\u5ff5\u7684\u4f4f\u7acb\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4fdd\u6301\u5f53\u4e0b\u89c9\u9192\u548c\u5b89\u7f6e\u4e00\u5904\u7684\u6b63\u5ff5\u3002\u53e6\uff0c\u300a\u90a3\u7f57\u728d\u9640\u7ecf\u300b\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff1a\u201c\u5927\u5fb7\uff01\u4e8e\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e16\u4e4b\u963f\u7f57\u6c49\u3001\u6b63\u7b49\u89c9\u8005\u3001\u4e00\u5207\u4e4b\u4e16\u5c0a\uff0c\u4e3a\u65ad\u706d\u4e94\u76d6\uff08\u4f7f\u5fc3\u6167\u7fb8\u5f31\u4e4b\u968f\u70e6\u607c\uff09\uff0c\u7cfb\u5fc3\u4e8e\u5584\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\uff0c\u5982\u5b9e\u4fee\u4e60\u4e03\u89c9\u652f\uff0c\u4ee5\u73b0\u7b49\u89c9\u3001\u65e0\u4e0a\u6b63\u7b49\u89c9\u3002\u5927\u5fb7\uff01\u4e8e\u672a\u6765\u4e16\u5c06\u4e3a\u963f\u7f57\u6c49\u3001\u6b63\u7b49\u89c9\u8005\u3001\u4e00\u5207\u4e4b\u4e16\u5c0a\uff0c\u4e3a\u65ad\u706d\u4e94\u76d6\uff08\u4f7f\u5fc3\u6167\u7fb8\u5f31\u4e4b\u968f\u70e6\u607c\uff09\uff0c\u7cfb\u5fc3\u4e8e\u5584\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\uff0c\u5982\u5b9e\u4fee\u4e60\u4e03\u89c9\u652f\uff0c\u4ee5\u73b0\u7b49\u89c9\u3001\u65e0\u4e0a\u6b63\u7b49\u89c9\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.160-161.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c17\uff0c\u9875345-346\u3002\u300a\u90a3\u7f57\u728d\u9640\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6212\u9664\u8d2a\u7231\u4e0e\u5fe7\u607c\u3002\u201d\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u4fee\u884c\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\u7684\u679c\u62a5\u662f\u80fd\u51c0\u5316\u3001\u8d85\u8d8a\u6101\u4e0e\u60b2\u3001\u6b62\u606f\u70e6\u607c\u3001\u5f97\u771f\u7406\u3001\u8bc1\u6d85\u69c3\uff0c\u5728\u4fee\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5f53\u4e2d\u53c8\u8ddf\u6b63\u52e4\u3001\u6b63\u77e5\u6b63\u5ff5\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u53c8\u300a\u8428\u7f57\u7ecf\u300b\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff1a\u201c\u6c5d\u7b49\u4e8e\u8eab\u89c2\u8eab\u800c\u4f4f\uff0c\u4e3a\u5982\u5b9e\u77e5\u8eab\uff0c\u5e94\u70ed\u8bda\u3001\u6b63\u77e5\u3001\u4e00\u8da3\u3001\u5fc3\u6e05\u51c0\u3001\u5f97\u5b9a\u3001\u5fc3\u4e00\u5883\u3002\u4e8e\u53d7\u89c2\u53d7\u800c\u4f4f\u2026\u2026\uff1b\u4e8e\u5fc3\u89c2\u5fc3\u800c\u4f4f\u2026\u2026\uff1b\u4e8e\u6cd5\u89c2\u6cd5\u800c\u4f4f\uff0c\u4e3a\u5982\u5b9e\u77e5\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e94\u70ed\u8bda\u3001\u6b63\u77e5\u3001\u4e00\u8da3\u3001\u5fc3\u6e05\u51c0\u3001\u5f97\u5b9a\u3001\u5fc3\u4e00\u5883\u3002\u201d\u4ece\u7ecf\u5178\u5f97\u77e5\uff0c\u4fee\u884c\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u201c\u5982\u5b9e\u77e5\u201d\u8eab\u3001\u53d7\u3001\u5fc3\u3001\u6cd5\u3002\u201c\u5982\u5b9e\u77e5\u201d\u4e5f\u662f\u548c\u516b\u5723\u9053\u7684\u201c\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u6b63\u89c1\u201d\u6709\u5173\u8054\u3002\u4fee\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\u5f97\u5b9a\u3001\u5fc3\u4e00\u5883\uff0c\u800c\u5982\u5b9e\u77e5\uff0c\u8ddf\u516b\u5723\u9053\u7684\u6b63\u5b9a\u4e0e\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u6b63\u89c1\u6709\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\u4fee\u6b63\u5b9a\u800c\u751f\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u6b64\u667a\u6167\uff08\u5982\u5b9e\u77e5\uff09\u5373\u662f\u516b\u5723\u9053\u7684\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u6b63\u89c1\u4e4b\u5f00\u59cb\u3002
\n\u4e8e\u4fee\u884c\u6b21\u7b2c\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5df4\u5229\u6587\u4e09\u85cf\u63d0\u5230\u884c\u8005\u8981\u5148\u65ad\u9664\u4e94\u76d6\uff0c\u800c\u4fee\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\uff0c\u6210\u5c31\u521d\u7985\u3001\u4e8c\u7985\u3001\u4e09\u7985\u3001\u56db\u7985\u800c\u4f4f\uff0c\u5982\u662f\u4e8e\u5fc3\u5165\u5b9a\u3001\u6e05\u51c0\u3001\u768e\u6d01\u3001\u65e0\u79fd\u3001\u65e0\u57a2\u3001\u67d4\u8f6f\u3001\u9002\u5408\u4f5c\u4e1a\u3001\u7a33\u56fa\u4e0e\u8fbe\u5230\u4e0d\u52a8\u6447\u65f6\uff0c\u5f15\u5bfc\u5176\u5fc3\uff0c\u4f7f\u5fc3\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u6f0f\u5c3d\u667a\uff0c\u5982\u5b9e\u77e5\u201c\u6b64\u662f\u82e6\u201d\u3001\u5982\u5b9e\u77e5\u201c\u6b64\u662f\u82e6\u4e4b\u96c6\u201d\u3001\u5982\u5b9e\u77e5\u201c\u6b64\u662f\u82e6\u4e4b\u706d\u201d\u3001\u5982\u5b9e\u77e5\u201c\u6b64\u662f\u5bfc\u81f3\u82e6\u706d\u4e4b\u9053\u201d\uff0c\u81ea\u4e86\u77e5\u201c\u751f\u5df2\u5c3d\u3001\u68b5\u884c\u5df2\u7acb\u3001\u5e94\u4f5c\u5df2\u4f5c\u3001\u4e0d\u590d\u53d7\u6b64\u8f6e\u56de\u72b6\u6001\u201d\u3002\u4ece\u7ecf\u5178\u4e0a\u8868\u793a\uff1a\u4fee\u884c\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u65ad\u9664\u4e94\u76d6\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u4fee\u884c\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\u80fd\u591f\u6210\u5c31\u56db\u7985\u800c\u5982\u5b9e\u77e5\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\uff0c\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\u548c\u516b\u5723\u9053\u7684\u6b63\u5b9a\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002\u4fee\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5c31\u662f\u4fee\u6b63\u5b9a\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u4fee\u884c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u5f97\u5230\u5982\u5b9e\u77e5\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u7684\u6b63\u89c1\uff0c\u800c\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u7684\u6b63\u89c1\u4e5f\u662f\u516b\u5723\u9053\u6574\u4e2a\u7684\u4fee\u884c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4fee\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\u4e5f\u7b97\u662f\u4fee\u516b\u5723\u9053\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u73af\u8282\uff0c\u4ea6\u662f\u87ba\u65cb\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e4b\u4fee\u884c\u3002
\n\u4fee\u884c\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u4fee\u5b9a\u751f\u6167\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e0e\u4fee\u884c\u516b\u5723\u9053\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\u3002\u516b\u5723\u9053\u91cc\u628a\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\u5b89\u7f6e\u5728\u6b63\u5ff5\u3002\u7b14\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4fee\u884c\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f1a\u8ba9\u5fc3<\/p>\n

(9)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.II.p.290.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c7\uff0c\u9875275\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.185.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

(10)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.144.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c17\uff0c\u9875327\u3002\u300a\u8428\u7f57\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(11)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.179.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c17\uff0c\u9875373\u3002\u300a\u79bb\u8d2a\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(12)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.III.p.134-136.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c12\uff0c\u9875122-124\u3002\u300a\u8c03\u5fa1\u5730\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n\u5173\u4e8e\u4fee\u4e60\u4e03\u89c9\u652f\uff0c\u4e8e\u76f8\u5e94\u90e8\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff1a\u201c\u6709\u9053\u3001\u6709\u8ff9\uff0c\u4ee5\u8d44\u4e8e\u6e34\u7231\u4e4b\u706d\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fee\u4e60\u6b64\u9053\u3001\u6b64\u8ff9\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6709\u4f55\u4e4b\u9053\u3001\u6709\u4f55\u4e4b\u8ff9\uff0c\u4ee5\u8d44\u4e8e\u6e34\u7231\u4e4b\u706d\u8036\uff1f\u8c13\u4e03\u89c9\u652f\u662f\u3002\u4ee5\u4f55\u4e3a\u4e03\u8036\uff1f\u5ff5\u89c9\u652f\u3001\u62e9\u6cd5\u89c9\u652f\u3001\u7cbe\u8fdb\u89c9\u652f\u3001\u559c\u89c9\u652f\u3001\u8f7b\u5b89\u89c9\u652f\u3001\u5b9a\u89c9\u652f\u3001\u820d\u89c9\u652f\u662f\u201d\u3002\u201c\u5f53\u4fee\u4e60\u6b64\u4e03\u89c9\u652f\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u7531\u6b32\u6f0f\u5fc3\u89e3\u8131\uff0c\u7531\u6709\u6f0f\u5fc3\u89e3\u8131\uff0c\u7531\u65e0\u660e\u6f0f\u5fc3\u89e3\u8131\u3002\u89e3\u8131\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u201c\u6211\u89e3\u8131\u201d\u667a\u751f\uff0c\u4e86\u77e5\u751f\u5df2\u5c3d\u3001\u68b5\u884c\u5df2\u7acb\u3001\u6240\u4f5c\u5df2\u529e\u3001\u66f4\u4e0d\u53d7\u540e\u6709\u3002\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u8d44\u4e8e\u89c9\u6545\uff0c\u8bf4\u4e3a\u89c9\u652f\u3002\u201d
\n\u300a\u76f8\u5e94\u90e8\u2022\u6606\u8fbe\u5229\u7ecf\u300b\u63d0\u5230\uff1a\u591a\u4fee\u201c\u6839\u5f8b\u4eea\u201d\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u5f97\u201c\u4e09\u5584\u4e1a\u201d\u5706\u6ee1\u3002\u591a\u4e60\u201c\u4e09\u5584\u4e1a\u201d\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u5f97\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\u5706\u6ee1\u3002\u591a\u4e60\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u5f97\u4e03\u89c9\u652f\u5706\u6ee1\u3002\u591a\u4e60\u4e03\u89c9\u652f\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u5f97\u660e\u3001\u89e3\u8131\u5706\u6ee1\u3002\u800c\u300a\u4e2d\u90e8\u2022\u5165\u51fa\u606f\u5ff5\u7ecf\u300b\u548c\u300a\u76f8\u5e94\u90e8\u2022\u963f\u96be\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u7ecf\u300b\u663e\u660e\u5730\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u6574\u7406\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

(13)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.87.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c17\uff0c\u9875246\u3002\u300a\u706d\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(14)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.72.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c17\uff0c\u9875226\u3002\u300a\u6bd4\u4e18\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(15) \u4ee5\u773c\u89c1\u53ef\u610f\u4e4b\u8272\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u8d2a\u8457\u3001\u4e0d\u6b22\u559c\u3001\u4e0d\u8d77\u8d2a\u6b32\uff0c\u5176\u8eab\u4f4f\u3001\u5fc3\u4f4f\uff0c\u4e8e\u5185\u5584\u5b89\u4f4f\u3001\u5584\u89e3\u8131\u3002\u4ee5\u773c\u89c1\u975e\u53ef\u610f\u4e4b\u8272\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u52a8\u6447\u3001\u4e0d\u5b89\u5fc3\u3001\u7834\u574f\u5fc3\u3001\u618e\u6076\u5fc3\uff0c\u5176\u8eab\u4f4f\u3001\u5fc3\u4f4f\uff0c\u4e8e\u5185\u5584\u5b89\u4f4f\u3001\u5584\u89e3\u8131\u3002\u4ee5\u8033\u95fb\u53ef\u610f\u4e4b\u58f0\u2026\u2026\u4e43\u81f3\u2026\u2026\u4ee5\u9f3b\u606f\u53ef\u610f\u4e4b\u9999\u2026\u2026\u4e43\u81f3\u2026\u2026\u4ee5\u820c\u5c1d\u53ef\u610f\u4e4b\u5473\u2026\u2026\u4e43\u81f3\u4ee5\u8eab\u89e6\u53ef\u610f\u4e4b\u6240\u89e6\u2026\u2026\u4e43\u81f3\u2026\u2026 \u4ee5\u610f\u8bc6\u53ef\u610f\u4e4b\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u8d2a\u8457\u3001\u4e0d\u6b22\u559c\u3001\u4e0d\u8d77\u8d2a\u6b32\uff0c\u5176\u8eab\u4f4f\u3001\u5fc3\u4f4f\uff0c\u4e8e\u5185\u5584\u5b89\u4f4f\u3001\u5584\u89e3\u8131\u3002\u4ee5\u610f\u8bc6\u975e\u53ef\u610f\u4e4b\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u52a8\u6447\u3001\u4e0d\u5b89\u5fc3\u3001\u7834\u574f\u5fc3\u3001\u618e\u6076\u5fc3\uff0c\u5176\u8eab\u4f4f\u3001\u5fc3\u4f4f\uff0c\u4e8e\u5185\u5584\u5b89\u4f4f\u3001\u5584\u89e3\u8131\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(16) \u65ad\u8eab\u6076\u4e1a\u3001\u4fee\u4e60\u8eab\u5584\u4e1a\uff0c\u65ad\u8bed\u6076\u4e1a\u3001\u4fee\u4e60\u8bed\u5584\u4e1a\uff0c\u65ad\u610f\u6076\u4e1a\u3001\u4fee\u884c\u610f\u5584\u4e1a\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(17)\uff08vijj\u0101\u660e\u3001\u667a\uff09\u662f\u6307\u4e09\u660e\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(18)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.73-75.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c17\uff0c\u9875227-230\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(19)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.III.p.85-88.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c12\uff0c\u987569-72\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(20)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.331-333.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c18\uff0c\u9875188-190\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4fee\u884c\u6b21\u7b2c\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\u548c\u4e03\u89c9\u652f\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4fee\u884c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong> \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e8e\u8eab\u89c2\u8eab \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>\u4e8e\u89c2\u53d7<\/strong>\u3001<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u8fc7\u7a0b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5fc3\u3001\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u6bd4\u4e18\u4e8e\u8eab\u89c2\u8eab\u3001\u7cfb\u5ff5\u4f4f\u65f6\uff0c\u6bd4\u4e18\u4e4b\u5ff5\u4e0d\u5fd8\u5931\u3002\u963f\u96be\uff01\u6bd4\u4e18\u7cfb\u5ff5\u4e0d\u5fd8\u5931\u65f6\uff0c<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6bd4\u4e18\u5f97\u5ff5\u89c9\u652f\uff0c\u4fee\u4e60\u5ff5\u89c9\u652f\uff0c\u5ff5\u89c9\u652f\u4fee\u4e60\u5706\u6ee1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a02 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u5982\u662f\u6b63\u5ff5\u800c\u4f4f\uff0c\u4ee5\u6167\u5bf9\u8bf8\u6cd5\u6289\u62e9\u3001\u4f3a\u5bdf\u3001\u89c2\u5bdf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a03 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u6bd4\u4e18\u5982\u662f\u4ee5\u6b63\u5ff5\u800c\u4f4f\uff0c\u4ee5\u6167\u5bf9\u5f7c\u6cd5\u6289\u62e9\u3001\u4f3a\u5bdf\u3001\u89c2\u5bdf\u65f6\uff0c\u6bd4\u4e18\u5f97\u62e9\u6cd5\u89c9\u652f\uff0c<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4fee\u4e60\u62e9\u6cd5\u89c9\u652f\uff0c\u62e9\u6cd5\u89c9\u652f\u4fee\u4e60\u5706\u6ee1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 4 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u4ee5\u6167\u5bf9\u5f7c\u6cd5\u6289\u62e9\u3001\u4f3a\u5bdf\u3001\u89c2\u5bdf\uff0c\u5219\u5f97\u4e0d\u9000\u4e4b\u7cbe\u8fdb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 5 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u6bd4\u4e18\u4ee5\u6167\u5bf9\u5f7c\u6cd5\u6289\u62e9\u3001\u4f3a\u5bdf\u3001\u89c2\u5bdf\uff0c\u5f97\u4e0d\u9000\u4e4b\u7cbe\u8fdb\u65f6\uff0c\u6bd4\u4e18\u5f97\u7cbe\u8fdb\u89c9\u652f\uff0c<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4fee\u4e60\u7cbe\u8fdb\u89c9\u652f\uff0c\u7cbe\u8fdb\u89c9\u652f\u4fee\u4e60\u5706\u6ee1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 6 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u53d1\u7cbe\u8fdb\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u5f97\u79bb\u8d22\u4e4b\u559c\u3002 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u76f8\u540c<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 7 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u6bd4\u4e18\u53d1\u7cbe\u8fdb\uff0c\u5f97\u79bb\u8d22\u4e4b\u559c\u65f6\uff0c\u6bd4\u4e18\u5f97\u559c\u89c9\u652f\uff0c\u4fee\u4e60\u559c\u89c9\u652f\uff0c\u559c\u89c9\u652f\u4fee\u4e60\u5706\u6ee1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 8 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u610f\u559c\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u8eab\u8f7b\u5b89\u800c\u5fc3\u8f7b\u5b89\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 9 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u6bd4\u4e18\u610f\u559c\u800c\u8eab\u8f7b\u5b89\u3001\u5fc3\u8f7b\u5b89\u65f6\uff0c\u6bd4\u4e18\u5f97\u8f7b\u5b89\u89c9\u652f\uff0c\u8f7b\u5b89\u89c9\u652f\u4fee\u4e60\uff0c\u8f7b\u5b89\u89c9\u652f\u4fee\u4e60\u5706\u6ee1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a010 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u8eab\u8f7b\u5b89\u5219\u5f97\u4e50\u3001\u5f97\u5fc3\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a011 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6bd4\u4e18\u8eab\u8f7b\u5b89\u5f97\u4e50\u3001\u5f97\u5fc3\u5b9a\u65f6\uff0c\u6bd4\u4e18\u5f97\u5b9a\u89c9\u652f\uff0c\u5bf9\u5b9a\u89c9\u652f\u4fee\u4e60\uff0c\u5b9a\u89c9\u652f\u4fee\u4e60\u5706\u6ee1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a012 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5982\u662f\u5f97\u5fc3\u5b9a\uff0c\u5584\u4e88\u89c2\u5bdf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a013 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u6bd4\u4e18\u5982\u662f\u5f97\u5fc3\u5b9a\u3001\u5584\u89c2\u5bdf\u65f6\uff0c\u6bd4\u4e18\u5f97\u820d\u89c9\u652f\uff0c\u5bf9\u820d\u89c9\u652f\u4fee\u4e60\uff0c\u820d\u89c9\u652f\u4fee\u4e60\u5706\u6ee1\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e8c\u3001\u56db\u795e\u8db3\u3001\u56db\u6b63\u52e4\u548c\u516b\u5723\u9053\u4e4b\u5173\u7cfb
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u300a\u5206\u522b\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u5173\u4e8e\u56db\u795e\u8db3\uff08\u56db\u5982\u610f\u8db3\uff09\u4e4b\u4fee\u4e60\u3002\u591a\u4fee\u8005\uff0c\u6709\u5927\u679c\u3001\u5927\u529f\u5fb7\u3002\u5bf9\u6b64\u56db\u795e\u8db3\u4fee\u4e60\uff0c\u591a\u4fee\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u5723\u3001\u51fa\u79bb\uff1b\u4fee\u6b64\u8005\uff0c\u6b63\u81f3\u82e6\u706d\u5c3d\u3002\u5bf9\u6b64\u56db\u795e\u8db3\u5982\u662f\u4fee\u4e60\u3001\u5982\u662f\u591a\u4fee\u65f6\uff0c\u5219\u4f9d\u8bf8\u6f0f\u5c3d\uff0c\u65e0\u6f0f\u5fc3\u89e3\u8131\u3001\u6167\u89e3\u8131\uff0c\u4e8e\u73b0\u6cd5\u81ea\u8bc1\u77e5\u3001\u73b0\u8bc1\uff0c\u5177\u8db3\u800c\u4f4f\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u4fee\u4e60\u56db\u795e\u8db3\u4e4b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b14\u8005\u6574\u7406\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u56db\u795e\u8db3 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0\u539f\u5219 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. \u6b32(26)\u4e09\u6469\u5730(27) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6b32\u4fee\u4e09\u6469\u5730\uff0c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4f9d\u6b32\u4fee\u4e09\u6469\u5730\uff0c\u83b7\u5fc3\u4e00\u5883\u6027\uff0c\u6b64\u540d\u4e3a\u6b32\u4e09<\/p>\n

\u52e4\u884c\u6210\u5c31\u4e4b\u795e\u8db3 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u52e4\u884c\u6210\u5c31\u3002 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u6469\u5730\u3002\u672a\u751f\u4e4b\u6076\u4e0d\u5584\u6cd5\u4e0d\u751f\uff1b\u5df2\u751f\u4e4b\u6076<\/p>\n

(chandhasam\u0101dhi- \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u4e0d\u5584\u6cd5\u4ee4\u65ad\uff1b\u672a\u751f\u4e4b\u5584\u6cd5\u4ee4\u751f\uff0c\u8d77\u6b32\u3001<\/p>\n

padh\u0101nasa\u1e45kh\u0101ra) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u7cbe\u8fdb\u3001\u53d1\u52e4\uff0c\u7b56\u5fc3\u800c\u6301\uff1b\u5df2\u751f\u4e4b\u5584\u6cd5\u4ee4<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4f4f\u3001\u4e0d\u5fd8\u5931\uff0c\u500d\u4fee\u4e60\u3001\u5e7f\u4fee\u4e60\u3001\u5706\u6ee1\u4e4b\u3001<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u8d77\u6b32\u3001\u7cbe\u8fdb\u3001\u53d1\u52e4\uff0c\u7b56\u5fc3\u800c\u6301\u3002\u6b64\u540d\u4e3a\u52e4\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

2.\u52e4\u4e09\u6469\u5730\u52e4\u884c\u6210 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u52e4(28) \u4fee\u4e09\u6469 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4f9d\u4e8e\u52e4\u4fee\u4e09\u6469\u5730\uff0c\u83b7\u5fc3\u4e00\u5883\u6027\uff0c\u6b64\u540d\u4e3a\u52e4<\/p>\n

\u5c31\u4e4b\u795e\u8db3 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5730\uff0c\u52e4\u884c\u6210 \u5c31\u3002 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e09\u6469\u5730\u3002\u672a\u751f\u4e4b\u6076\u4e0d\u5584\u6cd5\u4e0d\u751f\uff1b\u2026\u2026\u4e43<\/p>\n

(viriyasam\u0101dhi- \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u81f3\u2026\u2026\u5df2\u751f\u4e4b\u5584\u6cd5\u4ee4\u4f4f\u3001\u4e0d\u5fd8\u5931\uff0c\u500d\u4fee<\/p>\n

padh\u0101nasa\u1e45kh\u0101ra) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e60\u3001\u5e7f\u4fee\u4e60\u3001\u5706\u6ee1\u4e4b\uff0c\u8d77\u6b32\u3001\u7cbe\u8fdb\u3001\u53d1<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u52e4\u3001\u7b56\u5fc3\u800c\u6301\u3002\u6b64\u540d\u4e4b\u4e3a\u52e4\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

3.\u5fc3\u4e09\u6469\u5730\u52e4\u884c\u6210 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5fc3(29)\u4fee\u4e09\u6469 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4f9d\u5fc3\u4fee\u4e09\u6469\u5730\uff0c\u83b7\u5fc3\u4e00\u5883\u6027\uff0c\u6b64\u540d\u4e4b\u4e3a\u5fc3<\/p>\n

\u5c31\u4e4b\u795e\u8db3 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u5730\uff0c\u52e4\u884c\u6210 \u5c31\u3002 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e09\u6469\u5730\u3002\u672a\u751f\u4e4b\u6076\u4e0d\u5584\u6cd5\u4e0d\u751f\uff1b\u2026\u2026\u4e43<\/p>\n

(cittasam\u0101dhi- \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u81f3\u2026\u2026\u5df2\u751f\u4e4b\u5584\u6cd5\u4ee4\u4f4f\u3001\u4e0d\u5fd8\u5931\uff0c\u500d\u4fee<\/p>\n

padh\u0101nasa\u1e45kh\u0101ra) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u4e60\u3001\u5e7f\u4fee\u4e60\u3001\u5706\u6ee1\u4e4b\uff0c\u8d77\u6b32\u3001\u7cbe\u8fdb\u3001\u53d1<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u52e4\uff0c\u7b56\u5fc3\u800c\u6301\u3002\u6b64\u540d\u4e4b\u4e3a\u52e4\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

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(26) (chanda\u6b32)\u610f\u601d\u662f\u6307\uff1a\u613f\u610f\u3001\u6b22\u559c\u3001\u610f\u5fd7\u3001\u5177\u6709\u6ee1\u610f\u800c\u505a\uff08\u559c\u7231\u505a\uff09\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(27) (sam\u0101dhi) \u5b9a\u3001\u4e09\u6627\u3001\u7b49\u6301\u3001\u7cbe\u795e\u7edf\u4e00\u3001\u4e09\u6469\u5730\u4e4b\u4e49\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u672a\u751f\u4e4b\u6076\u4e0d\u5584\u6cd5\u4ee4\u4e0d \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u4e3a\u9632\u6b62\u8d2a\u4e0e\u5fe7\u4e4b\u6076\u4e0d\u5584\u6cd5\u6d41<\/p>\n

1.\u9632\u62a4\u52e4 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u751f\uff0c\u8d77\u610f\u5fd7\u3001\u53d1\u52e4\u3001\u7cbe \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a01.\u5f8b\u4eea\u52e4 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5165\u800c\u5b88\u62a4\u3001\u62e5\u62a4\u516d\u6839 (34)\u3002<\/p>\n

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2.\u65ad\u52e4 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u610f\u5fd7\u3001\u2026\u2026\u52c9\u52b1\u3002 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a02.\u65ad\u52e4 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\uff08\u6b32\u5bfb\u3001\u6068\u5bfb\u3001\u5bb3\u5bfb\uff09\uff0c\u65ad<\/p>\n

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3.\u4fee\u52e4 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5fd7\u3001\u2026\u2026\u52c9\u52b1\u3002 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a03.\u4fee\u52e4 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u8f6c\u53d8\u5f03\u820d\uff0c\u4fee\u4e03\u89c9\u652f\u3002<\/p>\n

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4.\u968f\u62a4\u52e4 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5927\u3001\u4e3a\u4fee\u3001\u4e3a\u6ee1\uff0c\u8d77\u610f \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a04.\u968f\u62a4\u52e4 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5b54\u60f3\u3001\u81a8\u80c0\u60f3\u3002<\/p>\n

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(31) \u201c\u5bf9\u56db\u795e\u8db3\u4fee\u4e60\u3001\u591a\u4fee\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u8d44\u4e8e\u4e00\u5411\u538c\u60a3\u3001\u79bb\u8d2a\u3001\u706d\u5c3d\u3001\u5bc2\u9759\u3001\u8bc1\u667a\u3001\u7b49\u89c9\u3001\u6d85\u69c3\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5e S.V.p. 255.\uff08Nibbid\u0101\uff09\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c18\uff0c\u987592\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(32)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.II.p.15.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.II.p.74.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(33)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.II.p.16.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

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(35)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.203.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c18\uff0c\u987518\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.220.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(36)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.249.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c18\uff0c\u987581\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.252.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

(37)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.197.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c18\uff0c\u98758\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.196.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.III.p.10.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(38)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.196.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.III.p.12.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u60df<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0\u4e94\u6839 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4fe1\u6839\uff08\u56db\u9884\u6d41\u652f\u4fe1\uff09 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u7cbe\u8fdb\u6839 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u5ff5\u6839 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u5b9a\u6839 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6167\u6839 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u89e3\u8131\u6d85\u69c3<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0\u4e94\u529b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4fe1\u529b\uff08\u56db\u9884\u6d41\u652f\u4fe1\uff09 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u7cbe\u8fdb\u529b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u5ff5\u529b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u5b9a\u529b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u6167\u529b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u89e3\u8131\u6d85\u69c3<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5bf9\u4e8e\u201c\u4e94\u6839\u3001\u4e94\u529b\u201d\u4e4b\u5185\u6db5\uff0c\u636e\u300a\u76f8\u5e94\u90e8\u2022\u6c99\u7947\u57ce\u7ecf\u300b\u4f5b\u9640\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u4fe1\u6839\u5373\u4fe1\u529b\uff0c\u4fe1\u529b\u5373\u4fe1\u6839\uff1b\u7cbe\u8fdb\u6839\u5373\u7cbe\u8fdb\u529b\uff0c\u7cbe\u8fdb\u529b\u5373\u7cbe\u8fdb\u6839\uff1b\u5ff5\u6839\u5373\u5ff5\u529b\uff0c\u5ff5\u529b\u5373\u5ff5\u6839\uff0c\u5b9a\u6839\u5373\u5b9a\u529b\uff0c\u5b9a\u529b\u5373\u5b9a\u6839\uff1b\u6167\u6839\u5373\u6167\u529b\uff0c\u6167\u529b\u5373\u6167\u6839\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u8b6c\u5982\u6709\u8da3\u5411\u4e1c\u3001\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u4e1c\u3001\u4e34\u5165\u4e8e\u4e1c\u4e4b\u6cb3\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u6d32\uff0c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6709\u7406\u8da3\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b64\u7406\u8da3\u6545\uff0c\u5f7c\u6cb3\u4e4b\u6d41\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e00\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u53c8\u6709\u7406\u8da3\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b64\u7406\u8da3\u6545\uff0c\u5f7c\u6cb3\u4e4b\u6d41\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e8c\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6709\u4f55\u4e4b\u7406\u8da3\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b64\u7406\u8da3\u6545\uff0c\u5f7c\u6cb3\u4e4b\u6d41\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e00\u8036\uff1f\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u5f7c\u6d32\u4e4b\u4e1c\u6c34\u4e0e\u897f\u6c34\u662f\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6709\u6b64\u7406\u8da3\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b64\u7406\u8da3\u6545\uff0c\u5f7c\u6cb3\u4e4b\u6d41\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e00\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4fee\u884c\u89c2\u70b9\u5373\u662f\uff1a\u4fee\u884c\u8bc1\u609f\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u4ee5\u4f5b\u6cd5\u6559\u5316\u4f17\u751f\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u542c\u95fb\u8005\u7684\u4f17\u751f\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u5c31\u9a6c\u4e0a\u8bc1\u679c\u4e86\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u5c1a\u672a\u89c9\u609f\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u7531\u4fee\u884c\u52a0\u5f3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6839\u673a\u624d\u80fd\u8fbe\u6210\u5723\u679c\u3002\u4e8e\u300a\u4e2d\u90e8\u2022\u5723\u6c42\u7ecf\u300b\u8bb0<\/p>\n

(41)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.219.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c18\uff0c\u987539\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8f7d\uff1a\u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u4e88\u4ee5\u4f5b\u773c\uff0c\u719f\u89c6\u4e16\u95f4\uff0c\u89c1\u6709\u5c11\u57a2\u3001\u591a\u57a2\u3001\u5229\u6839\u3001\u949d\u6839\u3001 \u5584\u6027\u3001\u6076\u6027\u3001\u4ece\u987a\u3001\u4e0d\u4ece\u987a\u4e4b\u6709\u60c5\uff0c\u6216\u89c1\u4ed6\u754c\u4e0e\u7f6a\u8fc7\u4e4b\u6016\u957f\u800c\u4f4f\u3002\u201d\u4e8e\u300a\u589e\u652f\u90e8\u2022\u4e00\u767e\u516d\u5341\u4e8c\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u5173\u4e8e\u56db\u79cd\u884c\u548c\u4e94\u6839\u5f3a\u5f31\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u6574\u7406\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01.\u82e6\u8fdf\u901a\u884c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u672c\u6027\u8d2a\u3001\u778b\u3001\u75f4 \u70bd\u76db\uff1b\u4e94\u6839 \u8f6f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(dukkh\u0101 pa\u1e6dipad\u0101 dandh\u0101bhi\u00f1\u00f1\u0101)<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a02.\u82e6\u901f\u901a\u884c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u672c\u6027\u8d2a\u3001\u778b\u3001\u75f4 \u70bd\u76db\uff1b\u4e94\u6839 \u4e0a\uff08\u5f3a\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(dukkh\u0101 pa\u1e6dipad\u0101 khipp\u0101bhi\u00f1\u00f1\u0101)<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a03.\u4e50\u8fdf\u901a\u884c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u672c\u6027\u8d2a\u3001\u778b\u3001\u75f4 \u4e0d\u70bd\u76db\uff1b\u4e94\u6839 \u8f6f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(sukh\u0101 pa\u1e6dipad\u0101 dandh\u0101bhi\u00f1\u00f1\u0101)<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a04.\u4e50\u901f\u901a\u884c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u672c\u6027\u8d2a\u3001\u778b\u3001\u75f4 \u4e0d\u70bd\u76db\uff1b\u4e94\u6839 \u4e0a\uff08\u5f3a\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(sukh\u0101 pa\u1e6dipad\u0101 khipp\u0101bhi\u00f1\u00f1\u0101)<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u7531\u4e0a\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u4e94\u6839\u5f3a\u6545\uff0c\u4e3a\u5c3d\u6f0f\u800c\u5feb\u901f\u5f97\u9053\u3002\u4e94\u6839\u8f6f\u6545\uff0c\u4e3a\u5c3d\u6f0f\u800c\u8fdf\u5f97\u9053\u3002\u4e2a\u4eba\u4fee\u884c\u89c9\u609f\u4f5b\u6cd5\u7684\u5feb\u6162\uff0c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u6839\u673a\uff0c\u4e0e\u672c\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e94\u6839\u7684\u57f9\u517b\u79ef\u7d2f\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4fee\u884c\u6210\u5c31\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u4f5b\u9640\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5ea6\u5316\u4f17\u751f\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u89c2\u5bdf\u4f17\u751f\u7684\u5584\u6839\u6210\u719f\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u542c\u4f5b\u6cd5\u800c\u89c9\u609f\u3002\u8b6c\u5982\u4f5b\u9640\u8bf4\u521d\u8f6c\u6cd5\u8f6e\u7ecf\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5148\u89c2\u5bdf\u542c\u6cd5\u8005\u4e4b\u6839\u57fa\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u89c9\u609f\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u5148\u5bf9\u4e94\u6bd4\u4e18\u8bf4\u6cd5\u3002
\n\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u5bf9\u6b64\u4e94\u6839\u6ee1\u8db3\u3001\u5706\u6ee1\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u4e3a\u963f\u7f57\u6c49\uff1b\u8f83\u6b64\u8f6f\u5f31\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u4e3a\u4e0d\u8fd8\u8005\uff1b\u8f83\u6b64\u8f6f\u5f31\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u4e3a\u4e00\u6765\u8005\uff1b\u8f83\u6b64\u8f6f\u5f31\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u4e3a\u9884\u6d41\u8005\uff1b\u8f83\u6b64\u8f6f\u5f31\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u4e3a\u968f\u6cd5\u8005\uff1b\u8f83\u6b64\u8f6f\u5f31\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u4e3a\u968f\u4fe1\u8005\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u5982\u662f\uff0c\u4f9d\u6839\u4e4b\u5dee\u522b\uff0c\u6709\u679c\u4e4b\u5dee\u522b\uff1b\u4f9d\u679c\u4e4b\u5dee\u522b\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u4e4b\u5dee\u522b\u201d\u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u82e5\u603b\u65e0\u6b64\u4e94\u6839\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u4e3a\u5916\u9053\uff0c\u8c13\u5c5e\u51e1\u592b\u4e4b\u6570\u3002\u201d\u636e\u7ecf\u5178\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u8ba4<\/p>\n

(42)\uff08tikkha -indriya \u5229\u6839\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

(43)\uff08mudu-indriya\u949d\u6839\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

(44)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.I.p.169.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c9\uff0c\u9875234\u3002\u300a\u5723\u6c42\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(45)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.II.p.149-150.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c20\uff0c\u9875250-251\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(46)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.200.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c18\uff0c\u987513\u3002\u300a\u7565\u8bf4(\u4e8c)\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(47)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.202.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c18\uff0c\u987517\u3002\u300a\u5411\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u201c\u4e94\u6839\u201d\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4fee\u884c\u953b\u70bc\u800c\u79ef\u7d2f\uff0c\u8ba9\u5584\u6839\u503e\u5411\u5b8c\u5168\u6e05\u51c0\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u3002
\n\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u4e94\u529b\u201d\u636e\u300a\u76f8\u5e94\u90e8\u2022\u4e0a\u5206\u7ed3\u7ecf\u300b\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6709\u4e94\u4e0a\u5206\u7ed3\u3002\u4ee5\u4f55\u4e3a\u4e94\u4e0a\u5206\u7ed3\u8036\uff1f\u8272\u8d2a\u3001\u65e0\u8272\u8d2a\u3001\u6162\u3001\u6389\u4e3e\u3001\u65e0\u660e\u662f\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6b64\u4e3a\u4e94\u4e0a\u5206\u7ed3\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u4e3a\u5bf9\u6b64\u4e94\u4e0a\u5206\u7ed3\u8bc1\u77e5\u2026\u2026\u504f\u77e5\u2026\u2026\u504f\u5c3d\u2026\u2026\u4e88\u65ad\uff0c\u5e94\u4fee\u4e60\u4e94\u529b\u3002\u201d\u636e\u7ecf\u5178\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u4e94\u529b\u201d\u662f\u6307\u4fee\u884c\u529b\u91cf\u8fd0\u7528\u4e8e\u65ad\u7edd\u70e6\u607c\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u529f\u6548\u5883\u754c\u3002
\n\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4fee\u884c\u4e09\u5341\u4e03\u9053\u54c1\u6574\u4f53\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u636e\u5df4\u5229\u6587\u4e09\u85cf\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u6574\u7406\u5982\u8868\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u4fee\u884c\u7ed3\u679c<\/strong>
\n\u516b\u5723\u9053 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e94\u6839 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e94\u529b \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u56db\u5ff5\u5904 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e03\u89c9\u652f \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u56db\u795e\u8db3 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u56db\u6b63\u52e4 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e09\u5b66<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6f0f\u5c3d\u3001 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u8bf8\u6f0f \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u65ad\u4e94\u4e0a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u706d\u82e6\u607c\u3001 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e09\u660e\u3001\u82e6 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u82e6\u706d \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u82e6\u706d \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u4e09\u660e\u3001<\/p>\n

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\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u69c3(49) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u69c3(54)<\/p>\n

(48)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.251.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c18\uff0c\u987585\u3002\u300a\u4e0a\u5206\u7ed3\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(49)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.7.\u300a\u6bd4\u4e18(\u4e00)\u7ecf\u300b\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.8.\u300a\u6bd4\u4e18(\u4e8c)\u7ecf\u300b\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.8.\u300a\u5206\u522b\u7ecf\u300b\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.10.\u300a\u8292\u7ecf\u300b\uff1b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.24.\u300a\u5230\u5f7c\u5cb8\u7ecf\u300b\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.11.\u300a\u96be\u63d0\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(50)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.203.\u300a\u6f0f\u5c3d\u7ecf\u300b\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.220.\u300a\u6c99\u7947\u57ce\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(51)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.249.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.252.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(52)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.II.p.290.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.180.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.190.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.180.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(53)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.72.\u300a\u6bd4\u4e18\u7ecf\u300b\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.82.\u300a \u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u3001\u300a\u538c\u60a3\u7ecf\u300b\uff1b \ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.86.\u300a\u5c3d\u7ecf\u300b\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.331- \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 333.\u300a\u963f\u96be\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u7ecf\u300b\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.V. p.211.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(54)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.254. (Viraddho)\u3001(Apar\u0101)\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V. p.255. (Ariy\u0101) \u00a0 \u00a0 ( Nibbid\u0101)\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V. p.280.(Vibha\u1e45ga)<\/strong><\/p>\n

(55) P.T.S.\ufe5eA.II.p.15.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.II.p.16.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.II.p.74.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.244.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(56)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.I.p.47.( S\u0101ma\u00f1\u00f1a-Phala Sutta)\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.I.p.339. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(Kandaraka Sutta)\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.I.p.271.(Mah\u0101assapura Sutta)\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.I.p.175. (C\u016blahatthipadopama Sutta)<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u56db\u3001\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n\u4fee\u884c\u201c\u4e94\u6839\u201d\u3001\u201c\u4e94\u529b\u201d\u548c\u201c\u516b\u5723\u9053\u201d\u90fd\u662f\u540c\u6837\u87ba\u65cb\u4e0a\u5347\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u4f5b\u9640\u628a\u516b\u5723\u9053\u7684\u6b63\u89c1\u3001\u6b63\u601d\u60df\u3001\u6b63\u8bed\u3001\u6b63\u4e1a\u3001\u6b63\u547d\uff0c\u878d\u5165\u4e3a\u201c\u4fe1\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4fee\u884c\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u6bd4\u4e18\u3002\u201c\u6167\u6839\u201d\u3001\u201c\u6167\u529b\u201d\u5373\u6b63\u89c1\u3002\u201c\u4e94\u6839\u201d\u3001\u201c\u4e94\u529b\u201d\u662f\u4e00\u4f53\u4e24\u9762\uff1a\u7528\u4e94\u6839\u7d2f\u79ef\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u8ba9\u5584\u6839\u589e\u4e0a\uff0c\u8eab\u53e3\u610f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u6e05\u51c0\uff1b\u7528\u4e94\u529b\u65ad\u6f0f\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4fee\u884c\u89c9\u609f\u901f\u5ea6\u7684\u5feb\u6162\uff0c\u7531\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u6839\u57fa\u4e3a\u57fa\u672c\u51b3\u5b9a\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n

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\n\u53ef\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5728\u4e03\u7c7b\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u516b\u5723\u9053\u662f\u5168\u65b9\u9762\u89e3\u91ca\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u4fee\u884c\u7eb2\u9886\uff0c\u4f7f\u82e6\u706d\u5c3d\u800c\u89e3\u8131\u81ea\u5728\u4e4b\u7efc\u5408\u9053\u3002\u4e8e\u300a\u4e2d\u90e8\u300b\u3001\u300a\u76f8\u5e94\u90e8\u300b\u5df4\u5229\u6587\u4e09\u85cf\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff1a\u4fee\u884c\u516b\u5723\u9053\u5706\u6ee1\u4ea6\u4fbf\u662f\u4fee\u884c\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\u3001\u56db\u6b63\u52e4\u3001\u56db\u795e\u8db3\u3001\u4e94\u6839\u3001\u4e94\u529b\u3001\u4e03\u89c9\u652f\u5706\u6ee1\u3002\u300a\u6cd5\u8f6e\u8bba\u300b\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\uff1a\u4fee\u884c\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u5373\u201c\u8f6c\u6cd5\u8f6e\u201d\uff0c\u4e8e\u672a\u66fe\u95fb\u4e4b\u6cd5\u773c\u751f\u3001\u667a\u751f\u3001\u6167\u751f\u3001\u660e\u751f\u3001\u5149\u660e\u751f\uff0c\u4e8e\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\u4ee5\u4e09\u8f6c\u5341\u4e8c\u884c\u76f8\u4e4b\u5982\u5b9e\u667a\u89c1\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u6b65\u5165\u6d85\u69c3\u3002
\n\u4ece\u672c\u8282\u6240\u5f15\u7ecf\u5178\u8bb0\u8f7d\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u4fee\u884c\u201c\u4e09\u5341\u4e03\u9053\u54c1\u201d\u7686\u662f\u65cb\u8f6c\u589e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e3a\u8f74\u5fc3\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u5730\u7d2f\u79ef\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u5f80\u4e0a\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u6b64\u8868\u793a\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d\u7684\u884c\u8005\uff0c\u8981\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u718f\u9676\u57f9\u517b\uff0c\u8ba9\u5584\u6839\u5b8c\u5168\u6e05\u51c0\u3002<\/p>\n

(57)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eVin.I.p.10-11.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.422-423.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.433.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.431-432.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.II.p.90.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(58) \u201c\u7531\u4fee\u4e60\u516b\u652f\u5723\u9053\u4e4b\u5706\u6ee1\uff0c\u4ea6\u4fee\u4e60\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\u4e4b\u81f3\u5706\u6ee1\u3002\u4ea6\u4fee\u4e60\u56db\u6b63\u52e4\u4e4b\u81f3\u6210\u6ee1\u3002\u4ea6\u4fee\u4e60\u56db\u795e\u8db3\u4e4b\u81f3\u5706\u6ee1\u3002\u4ea6\u4fee\u4e60\u4e94\u6839\u4e4b\u81f3\u5706\u6ee1\u3002\u4ea6\u4fee\u4e60\u4e94\u529b\u4e4b\u81f3\u6210\u6ee1\u3002\u4ea6\u4fee\u4e60\u4e03\u89c9\u652f\u4e4b\u81f3\u6210\u6ee1\u3002\u5f7c\u4e8e\u6b64\u2018\u6b62\u4e0e\u89c2\u2019\u4e8c\u6cd5\uff0c\u53cc\u7ed3\u800c\u8f6c\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.III.p.289.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c12\uff0c \u9875315\u3002\u300a\u5927\u516d\u5904\u7ecf\u300b\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.49-50.\u300a\u865a\u7a7a\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(59)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5ePs.II.p.159-165.\uff1b\ufe5dMBU.\ufe5e\u518c69\uff0cp.588-594.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8282 \u516b\u5723\u9053\u7684\u4fee\u884c\u4f53\u7cfb
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4ece\u4e0a\u8282\u5f97\u77e5\uff0c\u516b\u5723\u9053\u662f\u5168\u65b9\u9762\u89e3\u91ca\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u4fee\u884c\u7eb2\u9886\uff0c\u4f7f\u82e6\u706d\u5c3d\u800c\u89e3\u8131\u81ea\u5728\u4e4b\u7efc\u5408\u9053\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8fc7\u53bb\u8bf8\u4f5b\u901a\u884c\u4e4b\u53e4\u9053\uff0c\u4fee\u884c\u516b\u5723\u9053\u5706\u6ee1\u4ea6\u4fbf\u662f\u4fee\u884c\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\u3001\u56db\u6b63\u52e4\u3001\u56db\u795e\u8db3\u3001\u4e94\u6839\u3001\u4e94\u529b\u3001\u4e03\u89c9\u652f\u5706\u6ee1\u3002\u672c\u8282\u8fdb\u884c\u201c\u516b\u5723\u9053\u201d\u4e4b\u63a2\u8ba8\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u4ee5\u300a\u8f6c\u6cd5\u8f6e\u7ecf\u300b\u548c\u300a\u5927\u56db\u5341\u7ecf\u300b\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u636e\u6587\u672c\u3002\u300a\u8f6c\u6cd5\u8f6e\u7ecf\u300b\u5728\u5357\u4f20\u4f5b\u6559\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u662f\u8bf8\u6559\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e3b\u9898\u3002\u672c\u7ecf\u662f\u4e16\u5c0a\u6210\u4f5b\u4e24\u4e2a\u6708\u540e\u4e8e\u516b\u6708\u5341\u4e94\u65e5\u5728\u6ce2\u7f57\u637a\u56fd\u4ed9\u4eba\u5815\u5904\u9e7f\u91ce\u82d1\u5bf9\u4e94\u884c\u8005\u7684\u9996\u6b21\u8bf4\u6cd5\u3002\u6b64\u7ecf\u7684\u6cd5\u8f6e(Dhammacakka)\u662f\u6307\u4f5b\u9640\u7684\u6cd5\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u7279\u5f81\uff1a1.\u5f53\u6210\u6b66\u5668\uff0c\u4ee5\u6218\u80dc\u3001\u9664\u5c3d\u8bf8\u7231\u6b32\u70e6\u607c\uff1b2.\u5f53\u6210\u6cd5\u4e58\uff0c\u5ea6\u8fc7\u8f6e\u56de\u82e6\u6d77\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6d85\u69c3\u3002\u800c\u300a\u5927\u56db\u5341\u7ecf\u300b\u662f\u4f5b\u9640\u8be6\u7ec6\u5730\u89e3\u8bf4\u516b\u5723\u9053\u5b9e\u8df5\u5185\u5bb9\u4e4b\u7ecf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e00\u3001\u300a\u8f6c\u6cd5\u8f6e\u7ecf\u300b\u2014\u2014\u4fee\u884c\u89e3\u8131\u603b\u7eb2
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4f5b\u8bf4\u300a\u8f6c\u6cd5\u8f6e\u7ecf\u300b\u4e4b\u80cc\u666f\uff1a\u5927\u83e9\u8428\u4e8e\u516d\u6708\u5341\u4e94\u65e5\u5728\u83e9\u63d0\u6811\u4e0b\u5165\u7985\u5b9a\u6210\u4f5b\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u201c\u5165\u5b9a\u89c2\u7167\u8bf8\u6cd5\u201d\u53d7\u89e3\u8131\u4e50\uff0c\u77e5\u9053\u6b64\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a\u751a\u6df1\u3001\u96be\u89c1\u3001\u96be\u89e3\u3001\u5bc2\u9759\u3001\u7f8e\u5999\uff0c\u8d85\u5bfb\u601d\u5883\u800c\u81f3\u5fae\uff0c\u552f\u667a\u8005\u6240\u80fd\u77e5\u3002\u4f5b\u9640\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u751f\u751f\u4e16\u4e16\u4ee5\u751f\u547d\u6295\u5165\u4fee\u884c\uff0c\u4eca\u4e16\u4e5f\u82b1\u516d\u5e74\u65f6\u95f4\u624d\u8bc1\u5f97\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f5b\u773c\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e16\u95f4\uff0c\u89c1\u6709\u60c5\uff1a\u5c18\u57a2\u5c11\u8005\u3001\u5c18\u57a2\u591a\u8005\u3001\u5229\u6839\u8005\u3001\u949d\u6839\u8005\u3001\u5584\u884c\u76f8\u8005\u3001\u6076\u884c\u76f8\u8005\u3001\u6613\u6559\u5bfc\u8005\u3001\u96be\u6559\u5bfc\u8005\uff0c\u89c1\u8f6e\u56de\u4e4b\u5371\u9669\u8005\u3002\u4f5b\u9640\u63a5\u7740\u89c2\u5bdf\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u5e94\u4e3a\u8c01\u5148\u8bf4<\/p>\n

(60)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.420-422. (Dhammacakkapavattana Sutta) \uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eVin.I.p.10-12.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5e Ps.II.p.147-158.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5ePs.II.p.159-165.\uff1b \u300a\u4f5b\u8bf4\u8f6c\u6cd5\u8f6e\u7ecf\u300bT2.109.p.503b.\uff1b\u300a\u6742\u963f\u542b\u7ecf\u300bT2.99.p.103c.\uff1b\u300a\u4f5b\u8bf4\u4e09\u8f6c\u6cd5\u8f6e\u7ecf\u300bT2.110.p.504a.\uff1b\u300a\u56db\u5206\u5f8b\u300bT22.1428.p.787c.\uff1b\u300a\u4e94\u5206\u5f8b\u300bT22.1421.p.104b.\uff1b \u300a\u963f\u6bd8\u8fbe\u78e8\u6cd5\u8574\u8db3\u8bba\u300bT26.1537.p.479b.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(61)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.III.p.71-78.\uff08Mah\u0101catt\u0101r\u012bsaka-sutta\uff09\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c12\uff0c\u987555-62\uff1b
\n\u4e2d\u963f\u542b\u300a\u5723\u9053\u7ecf\u300bT01.26.p.735b\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(62) \u524d\u7530\u60e0\u5b66\u5148\u751f\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a\u201c\u7814\u7a76\u4f5b\u6559\u5fc5\u987b\u9996\u5148\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u539f\u59cb\u4f5b\u6559\uff0c\u800c\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u539f\u59cb\u4f5b\u6559\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u628a\u63e1\u4e0e\u7814\u7a76\u91ca\u8fe6\u725f\u5c3c\u4f5b\u521d\u8f6c\u6cd5\u8f6e\u65f6\u6240\u5ba3\u8bf4\u7684\u4f5b\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u624d\u80fd\u591f\u79f0\u5f97\u4e0a\u662f\u4f5b\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u3002\u201d\u5609\u6728\u626c\u2219\u51ef\u671d\u8457\uff0c\u90d1\u7b71\u7b60\u4e3b\u7f16\uff0e\u524d\u7530\u60e0\u5b66\u4e0e\u4e1c\u5357\u4e9a\u4f5b\u6559\u7814\u7a76\uff3bJ\uff3d\uff0e\u4e1c\u5357\u4e9a\u5b97\u6559\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2013\uff1a132\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6cd5\uff1f\u8c01\u80fd\u901f\u609f\u6b64\u6cd5\uff1f\u201d\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u4e16\u5c0a\u5fc3\u751f\u601d\u5ff5\uff1a\u201c\u963f\u7f57\u903b\u8fe6\u7f57\u6469\u8d24\u660e\u3001\u806a\u6167\u3001\u673a\u654f\uff0c\u6cbe\u67d3\u4e16\u95f4\u4e60\u6c14\u5f88\u5c11\uff0c\u8ba1\u5212\u5148\u4e3a\u4ed6\u8bf4\u6cd5\u3002\u4ed6\u5c06\u901f\u609f\u6b64\u6cd5\u3002\u201d\u4f46\u662f\u5f53\u4ed6\u77e5\u9053\u963f\u7f57\u903b\u8fe6\u7f57\u6469\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f80\u751f\u4e03\u65e5\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u5927\u635f\u5931\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e3a\u4ed6\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e00\u5b9a\u5f88\u5feb\u5f00\u609f\u3002\u63a5\u7740\u77e5\u9053\u4f18\u9640\u7f57\u7f57\u6469\u5b50\u8d24\u660e\u3001\u806a\u6167\u3001\u673a\u654f\uff0c\u6c61\u67d3\u5f88\u5c11\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u4e5f\u60f3\u4e3a\u4ed6\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u5f88\u5feb\u5f00\u609f\u3002\u800c\u53c8\u5f97\u77e5\u4f18\u9640\u7f57\u7f57\u6469\u5b50\u4e8e\u6628\u591c\u5f80\u751f\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f88\u662f\u9057\u61be\u3002
\n\u4f5b\u9640\u53c8\u60f3\uff0c\u6211\u5e94\u5148\u4e3a\u8c01\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff1f\u8c01\u80fd\u5feb\u901f\u8bc1\u609f\uff1f\u4ed6\u60f3\u5230\u4e94\u884c\u8005\u5e73\u65f6\u5bf9\u4ed6\u5f88\u53cb\u5584\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u4e13\u5fc3\u7cbe\u8fdb\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u7167\u987e\u4ed6\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u5148\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bf4\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u300a\u8f6c\u6cd5\u8f6e\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u7531\u6765\u3002
\n\u8fd9\u4e94\u4f4d\u884c\u8005\u4e3a\u963f\u82e5\u618d\u9648\u5982\uff08A\u00f1\u00f1\u0101-Konda\u00f1\u00f1a\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u521a\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u6089\u8fbe\u591a\u592a\u5b50\u770b\u76f8\u7684\u516b\u4f4d\u5a46\u7f57\u95e8\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u5e74\u9752\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u7cbe\u901a\u4e09\u90e8\u5420\u9640\uff0c\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u80af\u5b9a\u5730\u5ba3\u79f0\u592a\u5b50\u5c06\u6210\u4e3a\u4f5b\u9640\u7684\u5a46\u7f57\u95e8\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u4e3a\u592a\u5b50\u770b\u5b8c\u76f8\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u8bad\u7ec3\u81ea\u5df1\u7b49\u5f85\u4e8c\u5341\u4e5d\u5e74\uff0c\u8981\u8ddf\u968f\u6089\u8fbe\u591a\u83e9\u8428\u51fa\u5bb6\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u56db\u4f4d\u884c\u8005\u4e3a\u8dcb\u63d0\u8fe6\uff08Bhaddiya\uff09\uff0c\u536b\u8dcb\uff08Vappa\uff09\uff0c\u6469\u8bc3\u7537\uff08Mah\u0101n\u0101ma\uff09\uff0c\u4e0e\u963f\u8bf4\u793a\uff08Assaji\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u6089\u8fbe\u591a\u592a\u5b50\u770b\u76f8\u7684\u5a46\u7f57\u95e8\u7684\u513f\u5b50\u3002\u8fd9\u4e94\u4eba\u8ddf\u968f\u738b\u5b50\u6089\u8fbe\u591a\u83e9\u8428\u51fa\u5bb6\u4fee\u884c\uff0c\u671f\u5f85\u7740\u738b\u5b50\u6210\u4f5b\uff0c\u5411\u4ed6\u5b66\u4e60\u3002<\/p>\n

(63) \u963f\u7f57\u903b\u4f3d\u84dd\uff08Alara Kalama\uff09\uff0c\u53c8\u4f5c\u963f\u7f57\u903b\u8fe6\u7f57\u6469\u3001\u963f\u7f57\u837c\u8fe6\u903b\u6469\u3001\u963f\u5170\u8fe6\u5170\u7b49\uff0c\u53e4\u5370\u5ea6\u6570\u8bba\u6d3e\u7684\u4e00\u540d\u4e0a\u5e08\uff0c\u4ed6\u66fe\u7ecf\u662f\u91ca\u8fe6\u725f\u5c3c\u7684\u8001\u5e08\u3002\u4ed6\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fbe\u5230\u65e0\u6240\u6709\u5904\u5b9a(Aki\u00f1ca\u00f1\u00f1\u0101yatana)\uff08\u56db\u7985\u4e03\u5b9a\uff09\u3002\u6089\u8fbe\u591a\u8fdb\u5165\u65e0\u6240\u6709\u5904\u5b9a\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5bf9\u6b64\u4ecd\u7136\u89c9\u5f97\u8fd8\u4e0d\u80fd\u89e3\u8131\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u79bb\u5f00\u4e86\u963f\u7f57\u903b\u4f3d\u84dd\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(64) \u4f18\u9640\u7f57\u7f57\u6469\u5b50 (Uddaka-R\u0101maputta)\uff0c\u53c8\u79f0\u90c1\u5934\u84dd\u5b50\u3001\u90c1\u5934\u84dd\u5f17\u3001\u90c1\u9640\u7f57\u4f3d\u3002\u610f\u8bd1\u4f5c\u96c4\u6770\u3001\u731b\u559c\u3001\u6781\u559c\u3002\u4ed6\u5df2\u8bc1\u5f97\u975e\u60f3\u975e\u975e\u60f3\u5904\u5b9a(nevasa\u00f1\u00f1\u0101n\u0101sa\u00f1\u00f1\u0101yatana)\uff08\u56db\u7985\u516b\u5b9a\uff09\u3002\u6089\u8fbe\u591a\u51fa\u5bb6\u540e\uff0c\u5148\u8bbf\u963f\u7f57\u903b\u8fe6\u84dd\uff0c\u6b21\u5c31\u6b64\u884c\u4eba\u6c42\u6cd5\u3002\u83e9\u8428\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u6b64\u7985\u5b9a\uff0c\u5e76\u89c9\u5f97\u8fd9\u8fd8\u4e0d\u80fd\u82e6\u706d\u3001\u5bc2\u9759\u3001\u667a\u6167\u3001\u89c9\u609f\u548c\u6d85\u69c3\u3002\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e8e\u6b64\u5883\u754c\uff0c\u5c31\u544a\u8f9e\u79bb\u5f00\uff0c\u81ea\u4fee\u884c\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u300a\u8f6c\u6cd5\u8f6e\u7ecf\u300b\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9:<\/p>\n

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\n2.\u201c\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\u201d\u662f\u4e16\u95f4\u7684\u771f\u8c1b\uff0c\u5df2\u4f5c\u8bc1\u8005\u5219\u8f6c\u51e1\u6210\u5723\u3002\u82e6\u5723\u8c1b\uff0c\u82e6\u7684\u81ea\u6027\uff08\u8eab\u3001\u5fc3\u4e0d\u8212\u670d\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u70e6\u607c\u7b49\uff09\uff1b\u96c6\u5723\u8c1b\uff0c\u4f17\u82e6\u4e4b\u56e0\u5373\u662f\u201c\u7231\u6b32\u201d\uff08ta\u1e47h\u0101\uff09\uff1b\u706d\u5723\u8c1b\uff0c\u82e6\u4e4b\u5bc2\u706d\uff1b\u9053\u5723\u8c1b\uff0c\u706d\u82e6\u4e4b\u5723\u9053\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u201c\u516b\u5723\u9053\u201d\u3002\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\u662f\u4f5b\u9640\u89c9\u609f\u8bf8\u6cd5\u4e2d\u4e4b\u6838\u5fc3\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u76f8\u5e94\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u4f5b\u9640\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u56e0\u5bf9\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\u4e0d\u4e86\u609f\u3001\u4e0d\u901a\u8fbe\uff0c\u5982\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4e0e\u6c5d\u7b49\u5c06\u6c38\u4e45\u6d41<\/p>\n

(65) \u662f\u4f4e\u4fd7\u7684\uff0c\u51e1\u592b\u6240\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5723\u7684\uff0c\u65e0\u76ca\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(66) \u662f\u82e6\u800c\u975e\u8d24\u5723\u7684\uff0c\u65e0\u76ca\u7684\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(67) \u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u4f55\u4e3a\u5982\u6765\u6240\u73b0\u7b49\u89c9\uff0c\u8d44\u4e8e\u773c\u751f\u3001\u667a\u751f\u3001\u5bc2\u9759\u3001\u901a\u667a\u3001\u6b63\u89c9\u3001\u6d85\u69c3\u4e2d\u9053\u8036\uff1f\u6b64\u5373\u516b\u5723\u9053\u4e5f\uff01\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.421.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(68) \u5373\u4e00\u5207\u70e6\u607c\u706d\u5c3d\u65e0\u4f59\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(69) \u5373\u4e86\u609f\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\u4e4b\u667a\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(70)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.421.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c18\uff0c\u9875311\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(71) \u8bf8\u4f5b\u65e5\u5e38\u4f5c\u606f\uff1a1. \u65e9\u4e0a\u6258\u94b5\u5ea6\u5316\u4f17\u751f\uff0c2. \u508d\u665a\u6559\u5316\u6c11\u4f17\uff0c3. \u665a\u4e0a\u6559\u8bad\u51fa\u5bb6\u4f17\u4ee5\u53ca\u6307\u5bfc\u7985\u4fee\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c4. \u534a\u591c\u5f00\u793a\u548c\u56de\u7b54\u5929\u4eba\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c5. \u51cc\u6668\u5165\u5b9a\u89c2\u5bdf\u80fd\u4e86\u609f\u5e94\u5ea6\u7684\u4f17\u751f\u3002\ufe5dMBU.\ufe5e\u518c25\uff0cp.248.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(72) \u201c\u963f\u96be\uff01\u4ee5\u4fee\u4e60\u591a\u4fee\u4e60\u6b63\u89c1\u2026\u2026\u6b63\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e3a\u7a76\u5c3d\u8c03\u4f0f\u8d2a\uff0c\u4e3a\u7a76\u5c3d\u8c03\u4f0f\u778b\uff0c\u4e3a\u7a76\u5c3d\u8c03\u4f0f\u75f4\u3002\u963f\u96be\uff01\u5e94\u4f9d\u6b64\u7406\u800c\u77e5\uff0c\u6b64\u516b\u652f\u5723\u9053\u4e4b\u589e\u4e0a\u8bed\uff0c\u4ea6\u79f0\u4e3a\uff1a\u68b5\u4e58\u3001\u6cd5\u4e58\u6216\u65e0\u4e0a\u4e4b\u80dc\u4f0f\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.5-6.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c17\uff0c\u9875121-122\u3002\u300a\u5a46\u7f57\u95e8\u7ecf\u300b\u3002\u201c\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u8d2a\u6b32\u4e4b\u706d\u5c3d\uff0c\u778b\u605a\u4e4b\u706d\u5c3d\uff0c\u611a\u75f4\u4e4b\u706d\u5c3d\u8005\uff0c\u6b64\u540d\u4e4b\u4e3a\u4e0d\u6b7b\uff0c\u6b64\u5373\u516b\u652f\u5723\u9053\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5e S.V.p.8.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c17\uff0c\u9875125\u3002\u300a\u6bd4\u4e18(\u4e8c)\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8f6c\u8f6e\u56de\u3002\u201d\u201c\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\u201d\u662f\u4e00\u5207\u8bf8\u4f5b\u89c9\u609f\u4e4b\u6cd5\u3002\u6b64\u6cd5\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e16\u95f4\u7684\u771f\u8c1b\uff0c\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u6709\uff0c\u662f\u4f5b\u9640\u81ea\u4f5c\u8bc1\u800c\u5ba3\u8bf4\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u6b64\u6cd5\u4fee\u884c\u8005\u4e5f\u5c06\u4f1a\u81ea\u8bc1\u5f97\u89e3\u8131\u4e4b\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u8fd9\u8868\u793a\u4f5b\u9640\u4e4b\u6cd5\u662f\u4e2d\u6027\u800c\u666e\u4e16\u901a\u7528\uff0c\u53ea\u4f9d\u9760\u81ea\u529b\u800c\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u6307\u5b9a\u547d\u8fd0\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f9d\u5916\u5728\u4ed6\u529b\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u601d\u60f3\u3002
\n3.\u4f9d\u4fee\u884c\u201c\u516b\u5723\u9053\u201d\uff0c\u4e8e\u672a\u66fe\u95fb\u4e4b\u6cd5\uff0c\u773c\u751f\u3001\u667a\u751f\u3001\u6167\u751f\u3001\u660e\u751f\u3001\u5149\u660e\u751f\uff0c\u4e8e\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\u4ee5\u4e09\u8f6c\u5341\u4e8c\u884c\u76f8\u4e4b\u5982\u5b9e\u667a\u89c1\u3002\u7b14\u8005\u6574\u7406\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u8f6c\u56db\u5723\u8c1b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u82e6\u5723\u8c1b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u96c6\u5723\u8c1b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u706d\u5723\u8c1b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u9053\u5723\u8c1b
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f6c\u793a\u76f8 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u8fd9\u662f\u82e6\u5723\u8c1b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u8fd9\u662f\u96c6\u5723\u8c1b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u8fd9\u662f\u706d\u5723\u8c1b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u8fd9\u662f\u9053\u5723\u8c1b<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \uff08\u8c1b\u667a\uff09<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u7b2c\u4e8c\u8f6c\u52e4\u4fee \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u8fd9\u662f\u82e6\u5723\u8c1b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u8fd9\u662f\u96c6\u5723\u8c1b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u8fd9\u662f\u706d\u5723\u8c1b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u8fd9\u662f\u9053\u5723\u8c1b<\/p>\n

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(73)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.431-432.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c18\uff0c\u9875325-326\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(74)\ufe5dMBU.\ufe5e\u518c31\uff0cp.442.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(75)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eVin.I.p.10-11.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.422.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5ePs.II.p.148.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5ePs.II.p. 159.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5728\u300a\u4e2d\u90e8\u2022\u968f\u70e6\u607c\u7ecf\u300b\u8bb0\u8f7d\u5173\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e0e\u6167\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u63d0\u5230\uff1a\u201c\u963f\u90a3\u5f8b\uff01\u6211\u8d77\u65af\u601d\u5ff5\uff1a\u2018\u82e5\u6709\u5c11\u4e09\u6627\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u65f6\uff0c\u4e8e\u6211\u6709\u5c11\u773c\u3002\u6545\u5176\u6211\u4ee5\u5c11\u773c\u89c1\u5c11\u5149\u660e\u4e14\u89c1\u5c11\u8272\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u82e5\u6211\u6709\u65e0\u91cf\u4e09\u6627\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u65f6\uff0c\u4e8e\u6211\u6709\u65e0\u91cf\u773c\u3002\u6545\u5176\u6211\u4ee5\u65e0\u91cf\u773c\u89c1\u65e0\u91cf\u5149\u660e\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u89c1\u65e0\u91cf\u8272–\u5982\u662f\u7ec8\u591c\u3001\u53c8\u7ec8\u65e5\u53c8\u7ec8\u591c\u7ec8\u65e5\u3002\u6709\u65e0\u91cf\u5b9a\u800c\u751f\u65e0\u91cf\u773c\u3001\u65e0\u91cf\u5149\u3001\u89c1\u65e0\u91cf\u8272\u2019\u3002\u201d\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u65e0\u91cf\u773c\u3001\u65e0\u91cf\u5149\u3001\u89c1\u65e0\u91cf\u8272\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u65e0\u91cf\u5b9a\u800c\u751f\u3002
\n\u300a\u957f\u90e8\u2022\u6c99\u95e8\u679c\u7ecf\u300b\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff1a\u82e5\u80fd\u7ef4\u6301\u5fc3\u5bc2\u9759\u3001\u5165\u5b9a\u3001\u7eaf\u51c0\uff0c\u65e0\u70e6\u607c\u3001\u8fdc\u79bb\u968f\u70e6\u607c\uff0c\u67d4\u8f6f\u3001\u9002\u5408\u4f5c\u4e1a\u3001\u7a33\u56fa\u4e0e\u8fbe\u5230\u4e0d\u52a8\u6447\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f15\u5bfc\u5176\u5fc3\uff0c\u4f7f\u5fc3\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u201c\u6f0f\u5c3d\u667a\u201d\uff08\u0101sava-kkhaya-\u00f1\u0101\u1e47a\uff09\u3002\u4ece\u7ecf\u5178\u5f97\u77e5\uff0c\u4fee\u884c\u516b\u5723\u9053\u7684 \u201c\u6b63\u5b9a\u201d\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4fee\u201c\u6b62\u201d\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5bf9\u201c\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\u4e09\u8f6c\u5341\u4e8c\u884c\u76f8\u4e2d\u7684\u5982\u5b9e\u77e5\u201d\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u201c\u6b62\u548c\u89c2\u201d\u53cc\u4fee\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002
\n4.\u4e16\u5c0a\u5bf9\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\u672a\u4f5c\u8bc1\u524d\u4e0d\u5ba3\u8bf4\uff0c\u5df2\u4f5c\u8bc1\u800c\u5ba3\u8bf4\uff0c\u81ea\u4f5c\u8bc1\uff08\u89e3\u8131\u77e5\u89c1\uff09\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u667a\u751f\u4e0e\u89c1\uff0c\u6211\u5fc3\u89e3\u8131\u4e0d\u52a8\u3002\u6b64\u4e3a\u6211\u6700\u540e\u4e4b\u751f\uff0c\u518d\u4e0d\u53d7\u540e\u6709\u3002\u201d\u4e16\u5c0a\u5982\u662f\u8bf4\u793a\u5df2\uff0c\u618d\u9648\u5982\u751f\u8fdc\u5c18\u79bb\u57a2\u4e4b\u6cd5\u773c\uff1a\u201c\u51e1\u6709\u96c6\u6cd5\u8005\uff0c\u7686\u6709\u6b64\u706d\u6cd5\u3002\u201d\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u4f5b\u6cd5\u662f\u5ba2\u89c2\u6027\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u82e5\u5982\u6cd5\u4fee\u884c\u5c31\u80fd\u4f53\u8bc1\u8ddf\u4f5b\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u89c9\u609f\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\u3002\u5f53\u618d\u9648\u5982\u5df2\u89c1\u6cd5\u3001\u5f97\u6cd5\u3001\u77e5\u6cd5\u3001\u609f\u5165\u4e8e\u6cd5\u3001\u8d85\u8d8a\u7591\u60d1\u3001\u5f03\u9664\u72b9\u8c6b\u3001\u5f97\u65e0\u754f\uff0c\u4ee5\u884c\u5e08\u6559\u4e0d\u4f9d\u4ed6\u7f18\uff0c\u5c31\u5411\u4e16\u5c0a\u8bf7\u6c42\u51fa\u5bb6<\/p>\n

(76)\uff08sam\u0101dhi\u4e09\u6627\u3001\u5b9a\u3001\u4e09\u6469\u5730\u3001\u7b49\u6301\u3001\u5fc3\u4e00\u5883\u3001\u7cbe\u795e\u7edf\u4e00\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

(77)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.III.p.161.\uff08Upakkilesa-sutta\uff09\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c12\uff0c\u9875153\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(78)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.I.p.83-84.\uff08S\u0101ma\u00f1\u00f1a-Phala Sutta)<\/strong><\/p>\n

(79) \u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6211\u4e8e\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\uff0c\u4ee5\u5982\u662f\u4e09\u8f6c\u5341\u4e8c\u884c\u76f8\u4e4b\u5982\u5b9e\u667a\u89c1\u5c1a\u672a\u8fbe\u6089\u7686\u6e05\u51c0\u65f6\uff0c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6211\u4e8e\u5929\u3001\u9b54\u3001\u68b5\u5929\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u6c99\u95e8\u3001\u5a46\u7f57\u95e8\u3001\u4eba\u3001\u5929\u4f17\u751f\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u88ab\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u73b0\u7b49\u89c9\u4e4b\u65e0\u4e0a\u7b49\u6b63\u89c9\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eVin.I.p.11.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.422-423.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c18\uff0c\u9875313\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(80) \u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u7136\u6211\u4e8e\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\uff0c\u4ee5\u5982\u662f\u4e09\u8f6c\u5341\u4e8c\u884c\u76f8\u4e4b\u5982\u5b9e\u667a\u89c1\u5df2\u5b8c\u5168\u6e05\u51c0\u6545\uff0c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6211\u4e8e\u5929\u3001\u9b54\u3001\u68b5\u5929\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u6c99\u95e8\u3001\u5a46\u7f57\u95e8\u3001\u4eba\u3001\u5929\u4f17\u751f\u4e2d\uff0c\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u73b0\u7b49\u89c9\u4e4b\u65e0\u4e0a\u7b49\u6b63\u89c9\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eVin.I.p.10-11.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.423.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c18\uff0c\u9875313\u3002\uff1b\u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u5bf9\u6b64\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\u5982\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b49\u89c9\u6545\uff0c\u540d\u4e3a\u5982\u6765\u3001\u963f\u7f57\u6c49\u3001\u6b63\u7b49\u89c9\u8005\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.433.\u300a\u6b63\u7b49\u89c9\u8005\u7ecf\u300b\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(81)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.423.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c18\uff0c\u9875313\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(82)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.423.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c18\uff0c\u9875313\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5f97\u5177\u8db3\u6212\u3002\u4e16\u5c0a\u66f0\uff1a\u201c\u6765\uff01\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6240\u5584\u8bf4\u8005\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e3a\u6b63\u706d\u82e6\u5c3d\uff0c\u6545\u884c\u68b5\u884c\u3002\u201d\u6b64\u53e5\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u6210\u4e3a\u6cf0\u56fd\u4f5b\u6559\u51fa\u5bb6\u4fee\u884c\u7684\u7ec8\u6781\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u6b63\u706d\u82e6\u5c3d\u53ca\u4f53\u8bc1\u6d85\u69c3\u3002\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u4f5b\u6559\u5c31\u6210\u5c31\u4f5b\u3001\u6cd5\u3001\u50e7\u4e09\u5b9d\u5706\u6ee1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u3001\u300a\u5927\u56db\u5341\u7ecf\u300b\u662f\u6307\u5b9e\u8df5\u4fee\u884c\u516b\u5723\u9053\u4e4b\u8def\u7ebf<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n\u300a\u4e2d\u90e8\u2022\u5927\u56db\u5341\u7ecf\u300b\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4fee\u884c\u201c\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u201c\u6b63\u5b9a\u201d\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u5176\u6b63\u89c1\u3001\u6b63\u601d\u3001\u6b63\u8bed\u3001\u6b63\u4e1a\u3001\u6b63\u547d\u3001\u6b63\u7cbe\u8fdb\u3001\u6b63\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e3a\u5b9e\u8df5\u4fee\u884c\u6b63\u5b9a\u7684\u8d44\u7cae\uff0c\u6b63\u5b9a\u4e3a\u7ed3\u679c\u800c\u5f97\u6b63\u667a\u3001\u6b63\u89e3\u8131\u3002\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u6b63\u89c1\uff08samm\u0101-di\u1e6d\u1e6dhi\uff09\u4e3a\u5f00\u7aef\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u900f\u5f7b\u5730\u6b63\u4e86\u77e5\u201c\u6b63\u9053\u201d\u4ee5\u53ca\u201c\u90aa\u9053\u201d\uff0c\u9996\u8981\u5fc5\u987b\u4e86\u77e5\u90aa\u89c1\u662f\u90aa\u89c1\uff0c\u4e86\u77e5\u6b63\u89c1\u662f\u6b63\u89c1\uff0c\u820d\u5f03\u90aa\u89c1\u800c\u884c\u6b63\u89c1\u3002\u4ece\u89e3\u91ca\u201c\u6b63\u9053\u201d\u548c\u201c\u90aa\u9053\u201d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u628a\u6b63\u89c1\u3001\u6b63\u601d\u60df\u3001\u6b63\u8bed\u3001\u6b63\u4e1a\u3001\u6b63\u547d\uff0c\u5206\u4e3a\u4e16\u95f4\u548c\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6b63\u89c1\u3001\u6b63\u601d\u60df\u3001\u6b63\u8bed\u3001\u6b63\u4e1a\u3001\u6b63\u547d\u7684\u4fee\u4e60\uff0c\u5404\u9879\u7686\u4ee5\u6b63\u89c1\u3001\u6b63\u5ff5\u548c\u6b63\u7cbe\u8fdb\uff0c\u63a8\u6301\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u4f5b\u9640\u4ee5\u6b63\u89c1\u4e3a\u5148\u884c, \u4f8b\u5982\u300a\u5927\u56db\u5341\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u8bf4\uff1a
\n\u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6b63\u89c1\u4e3a\u5148\u884c\u8005\u4e5f\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u5982\u4f55\u6b63\u89c1\u4e3a\u5148\u884c\uff1f\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u7531\u6b63\u89c1\u800c\u8d77\u6b63\u601d\u60df\u3002\u7531\u6b63\u601d\u60df\u800c\u8d77\u6b63\u8bed\uff0c\u7531\u6b63\u8bed\u800c\u8d77\u6b63\u4e1a\uff0c\u7531\u6b63\u4e1a\u800c\u8d77\u6b63<\/p>\n

(83)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eVin.I.p.12.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c3\uff0c\u987518\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(84)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.IV.p.40.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c22\uff0c\u9875240\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.II.p.216-217.
\n\u300a\u9607\u5c3c\u6c99\u7ecf\u300b\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.III.p.252.\u300a\u7b49\u8bf5\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(85) \u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u4e91\u4f55\u4e3a\u90aa\u9053\u8036\uff1f\u8c13\uff1a\u90aa\u89c1\u3001\u90aa\u601d\u60df\u3001\u90aa\u8bed\u3001\u90aa\u4e1a\u3001\u90aa\u547d\u3001\u90aa\u7cbe\u8fdb\u3001\u90aa\u5ff5\u3001\u90aa\u5b9a\u662f\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6b64\u540d\u4e4b\u4e3a\u90aa\u9053\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6211\u4e0d\u8d5e\u53f9\u5728\u5bb6\u3001\u51fa\u5bb6\u4e4b\u90aa\u9053\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.19.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c17\uff0c\u9875144\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(86) \u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u5982\u4f55\u4e3a\u90aa\u89c1\uff1f\u5e03\u65bd\u65e0\u679c\u62a5\uff0c\u6148\u5fc3\u5730\u6551\u6d4e\u65e0\u679c\u62a5\uff0c\u5c06\u4f9b\u5949\u54c1\u656c\u5949\u5e94\u4f9b\u517b\u8005\u65e0\u679c\u62a5\uff0c\u9020\u5584\u3001\u6076\u4e1a\uff0c\u65e0\u679c\u62a5\uff0c\u65e0\u6b64\u4e16\uff0c\u65e0\u672a\u6765\u4e16\uff0c\u6bcd\u4eb2\u65e0\u6069\u5fb7\uff0c\u7236\u4eb2\u65e0\u6069\u5fb7\uff0c\u65e0\u5316\u751f\u4e4b\u4f17\u751f\uff0c\u4e8e\u4e16\u65e0\u6c99\u95e8\u3001\u5a46\u7f57\u95e8\u4e4b\u6b63\u547d\u3001\u6b63\u884c\u3001\u81ea\u89c9\u609f\u3001\u8bc1\u77e5\u6b64\u4e16\u3001\u672a\u6765\u4e16\u800c\u5ba3\u8bf4\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6b64\u4e3a\u90aa\u89c1\u3002\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.III.p.71-72.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u4e16\u95f4\u6b63\u89c1\u201d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u91cd\u5728\u4e8e\u4e16\u95f4\u6709\u81ea\u89c9\u609f\u3001\u6b63\u547d\u6b63\u884c\u7684\u6c99\u95e8\uff0c\u6709\u6b64\u4e16\uff0c\u6709\u672a\u6765\u4e16\uff0c\u9020\u5584\u3001\u6076\u4e1a\uff0c\u6709\u679c\u62a5\u7b49\uff0c\u4e3a\u4fee\u884c\u89e3\u8131\u4e4b\u5f00\u7aef\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u4e16\u95f4\u6b63\u89c1\u201d\u4e5f\u662f\u4fee\u884c\u7684\u52a8\u673a\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u201c\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u6b63\u89c1\u201d\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u6307\u5982\u5b9e\u4e86\u77e5\u8bf8\u6cd5\uff1a\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\u3001\u4e94\u8574\u3001\u5341\u4e8c\u56e0\u7f18\u3001\u5341\u4e8c\u5904\u7b49\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u7684\u6b63\u8bed\u3001\u6b63\u4e1a\u3001\u6b63\u547d\u6709\u63d0\u5230\u8fdc\u79bb\u3001\u505c\u6b62\u3001\u6212\u9664\u3001\u7981\u6b62\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u65ad\u7edd\u90aa\u8bed\u3001\u90aa\u4e1a\u3001\u90aa\u547d\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u6b63\u89c1\u3001\u6b63\u7cbe\u8fdb\u3001\u6b63\u5ff5\u662f\u5bf9\u4fee\u884c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u52a9\u7f18\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u4e16\u95f4\u6b63\u7cbe\u8fdb\u3001\u6b63\u5ff5\u3001\u6b63\u5b9a\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4e8e\u957f\u90e8\u3001\u76f8\u5e94\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u6709\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff1a\u6b63\u7cbe\u8fdb\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u6307\u56db\u6b63\u52e4\uff1b\u6b63\u5ff5\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u6307\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\uff1b\u6b63\u5b9a\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u6307\u56db\u7985\u5b9a\u3002\u7b14\u8005\u4ee5\u5217\u8868\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u4fee\u884c\u516b\u5723\u9053\u4e4b\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u4e0b:<\/p>\n

(87)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.III.p.76.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c12\uff0c\u987560\u3002\u300a\u5927\u56db\u5341\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(88) \u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u5982\u5b9e\u77e5\u82e6\u3001\u77e5\u82e6\u4e4b\u96c6\u3001\u77e5\u82e6\u4e4b\u706d\u3001\u77e5\u81f3\u82e6\u706d\u4e4b\u9053\uff0c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6b64\u540d\u4e3a\u6b63\u89c1\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.II.p.312.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c7\uff0c\u9875295\u3002 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u300a\u5927\u5ff5\u5904\u7ecf\u300b\uff1b\u53e6\uff0c\u201c\u4e8e\u5f7c\u82e6\u4e4b\u667a\u3001\u4e8e\u82e6\u96c6\u4e4b\u667a\u3001\u4e8e\u82e6\u706d\u4e4b\u667a\uff0c\u4e8e\u82e6\u706d\u9053\u4e4b\u667a\u3002\u53cb\u7b49\uff01\u6b64\u8a00\u6b63\u89c1\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.III.p.251.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a012\uff0c\u9875262\u3002\u300a\u8c1b\u5206\u522b\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(89) \u201c\u82e5\u6bd4\u4e18\u89c2\u65e0\u5e38\u4e4b\u8272\u4e3a\u65e0\u5e38\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u5f97\u6b63\u89c1\u3002……\u82e5\u6bd4\u4e18\u89c2\u65e0\u5e38\u4e4b\u53d7\u4e3a\u65e0\u5e38\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u5f97\u6b63\u89c1\u3002……\u82e5\u6bd4\u4e18\u89c2\u65e0\u5e38\u4e4b\u60f3\u4e3a\u65e0\u5e38\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u5f97\u6b63 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u89c1\u3002……\u82e5\u6bd4\u4e18\u89c2\u65e0\u5e38\u4e4b\u884c\u4e3a\u65e0\u5e38\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u5f97\u6b63\u89c1\u3002……\u82e5\u6bd4\u4e18\u89c2\u65e0\u5e38\u4e4b\u8bc6\u4e3a\u65e0\u5e38\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u5f97\u6b63\u89c1\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.III.p.51.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a015\uff0c\u987575\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(90)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.I.p.46-55.\u300a\u6b63\u89c1\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(91)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.II.p.312-313.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.9-10.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.III.p.251-252.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u516b\u5723\u9053\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e16\u4fd7\u8c1b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u771f\u5b9e\u8c1b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u63f4\u52a9\u56e0\u7d20<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\uff08\u4e16\u95f4\u3001\u6709\u6f0f\u800c\u6709\u798f\u5206\uff09 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\uff08\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u3001\u65e0\u6f0f\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u00a08. \u6b63\u5b9a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u56db\u7985\u5b9a(108) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u7531\u6b63\u89c1\u3001\u6b63\u601d\u60df\u3001\u6b63\u8bed\u3001\u6b63\u4e1a\u3001<\/p>\n

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\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u6b64\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u5723\u6b63\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n

(106)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.II.p.312-313.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.9.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.III.p.251-252.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(107)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.II.p.313.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.9-10.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(108)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.II.p.313.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.10.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n2.\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u6b63\u89c1\u662f\u6307\u5982\u5b9e\u667a\u89c1\uff0c\u667a\u6167\uff08pa\u00f1\u00f1\u0101\uff09\u7684\u805a\u96c6\uff1a\u6167\u6839\uff08pa\u00f1\u00f1ind riya\u1e43\uff09\u3001\u6167\u529b\uff08pa\u00f1\u00f1\u0101balam\uff09\u3001\u62e9\u6cd5\u89c9\u652f\uff08dhamma-vicayasanbojjha\u1e45go\uff09\u3001\u4e86\u77e5\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\u7b49\u3002
\n3.\u53ef\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5728\u4fee\u4e60\u516b\u5723\u9053\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u900f\u5f7b\u5730\u4e86\u77e5\u201c\u6b63\u9053\u201d\u4ee5\u53ca\u201c\u90aa\u9053\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u201c\u65ad\u9664\u90aa\u9053\u201d\u800c\u201c\u6210\u5c31\u6b63\u9053\u201d\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5f53\u4ee5\u6b63\u7cbe\u8fdb\u3001\u6b63\u5ff5\u63f4\u52a9\u65ad<\/p>\n

(109) \u201c\u4e8e\u5f7c\u82e6\u4e4b\u667a\u3001\u4e8e\u82e6\u96c6\u4e4b\u667a\u3001\u4e8e\u82e6\u706d\u4e4b\u667a\uff0c\u4e8e\u82e6\u706d\u9053\u4e4b\u667a\u3002\u53cb\u7b49\uff01\u6b64\u8a00\u6b63\u89c1\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.III.p.251.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c12\uff0c\u9875262\u3002\u300a\u8c1b\u5206\u522b\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(110) \u589e\u652f\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u6709\u8868\u793a\u4fee\u884c\u516b\u5723\u9053\u662f\u87ba\u65cb\u4e0a\u5347\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a\u201c\u6c99\u7559\uff01\u6b63\u5b9a\u8005\u5723\u5f1f\u5b50\uff0c\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u8272\u4e4b\u8fc7\u53bb\u3001\u672a\u6765\u3001\u73b0\u5728\u3001\u6216\u5185\u3001\u6216\u5916\u3001\u6216\u7c97\u3001\u6216\u7ec6\u3001\u6216\u52a3\u3001\u6216\u80dc\u3001\u6216\u8fdc\u3001\u6216\u8fd1\u3001\u4e00\u5207\u8272\u7686\u975e\u6211\u6240\u6709\uff0c\u6b64\u975e\u6211\uff0c\u6b64\u975e\u6211\u4e4b\u6211\uff0c\u5982\u662f\u4e8e\u8272\u5982\u5b9e\u77e5\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b63\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u53d7\u3001\u6240\u6709\u60f3\u3001\u6240\u6709\u884c\u3001\u6240\u6709\u8bc6\u4e4b\u8fc7\u53bb\u3001\u73b0\u5728\u2026\u2026\u6216\u8fdc\u3001\u6216\u8fd1\u3001\u4e00\u5207\u8bc6\uff0c\u6b64\u975e\u6211\u6240\u6709\uff0c\u6b64\u975e\u6211\uff0c\u6b64\u975e\u6211\u4e4b\u5185\u6211\uff0c\u5982\u662f\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b63\u6167\u5982\u5b9e\u89c1\u3002\u6c99\u7559\uff01\u8b6c\u5982\u6709\u6218\u58eb\uff0c\u80fd\u4e0d\u8bef\u5c04\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u5982\u662f\u3002\u6c99\u7559\uff01\u5723\u5f1f\u5b50\u662f\u6b63\u89c1\u8005\u3002\u6c99\u7559\uff01\u6b63\u89c1\u8005\u5723\u5f1f\u5b50\uff0c\u5982\u5b9e\u4e86\u77e5\uff1a\u6b64\u662f\u82e6\u2026\u2026\u4e43\u81f3\u2026\u2026\u5982\u5b9e\u4e86\u77e5\uff0c\u662f\u8da3\u82e6\u4e4b\u9053\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5e A.II.p.202.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c20\uff0c\u9875328-329\u3002\u53e6\uff0c\u4e2d\u90e8\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff1a\u5982\u5b9e\u77e5\u8005\uff0c\u773c\u3001\u8033\u3001\u9f3b\u3001\u820c\u3001\u8eab\u3001\u610f\uff0c\u4e8e\u8272\u3001\u58f0\u3001\u9999\u3001\u5473\u3001\u89e6\u3001\u6cd5\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u7231\u7740\u3001\u4e0d\u76f8\u5e94\u3001\u4e0d\u8ff7\u5984\u3001\u4e0d\u4f4f\u8fc7\u60a3\u3002\u5982\u662f\u4e8e\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u65e0\u53d6\u4e94\u8574\uff0c\u5c06\u820d\u518d\u751f\u4e4b\u7231\u6b32\u3002\u8eab\u5fc3\u8bf8\u5fe7\u60a3\u4ea6\u65ad\uff0c\u8eab\u5fc3\u8bf8\u70e6\u6270\u4ea6\u65ad\uff0c\u8eab\u5fc3\u8bf8\u82e6\u607c\u4ea6\u65ad\uff0c\u80fd\u53d7\u8eab\u5fc3\u4e4b\u5b89\u4e50\u3002\u5982\u5b9e\u77e5\u8005\u4e4b\u89c1\u5373\u662f\u6b63\u89c1\uff0c\u2026\u2026\u5219\u6e05\u51c0\u8eab\u4e1a\u3001\u6e05\u51c0\u8bed\u4e1a\u3001\u6e05\u51c0\u6d3b\u547d\u3002\u5982\u662f\u8005\uff0c\u4fee\u4e60\u516b\u5723\u9053\u5706\u6ee1\u3002\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.III.p.288-289.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c12\uff0c\u9875314-315\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(111) \u201c\u6b63\u89c1\u3001\u6b63\u601d\u60df\u2026\u2026\u6b63\u7cbe\u8fdb\u3001\u6b63\u5ff5\u662f\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u4e0e\u6b64\u4e03\u652f\u4ff1\u4e4b\u5fc3\u4e00\u5883\u6027\u4e3a\u8d44\u7cae\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6b64\u540d\u4e4b\u4e3a\u5723\u6b63\u5b9a\u4e4b\u6240\u4f9d\uff0c\u4ea6\u4e3a\u8d44\u7cae\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.21.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c17\uff0c\u9875147\u3002\u300a\u5b9a\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

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(112) \u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u5e94\u4fee\u4e60\u4e09\u6627\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u5165\u5b9a\u4e4b\u6bd4\u4e18\u5c06\u5982\u5b9e\u4e86\u77e5\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.III.p.13.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c15\uff0c\u987518\u3002\u300a\u4e09\u6627\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(113)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.I.p.47.\uff08S\u0101ma\u00f1\u00f1a-Phala Sutta\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

(114)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.I.p.339.\uff08Kandaraka Sutta\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

(115)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.I.p.271.\uff08Mah\u0101assapura Sutta\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

(116)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.I.p.175.\uff08C\u016blahatthipadopama Sutta\uff09\u3002\u516c\u5143\u524d\u4e09\u4e16\u7eaa\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u4e3e\u529e\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u7ed3\u96c6\u540e\uff0c\u6d3e\u5176\u5b50\u5c0a\u8005\u6469\u54c2\u9640\u738b\u5b50\u5411\u5357\u81f3\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u5f18\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u8be5\u56fd\u56fd\u738b\u5929\u7231\u5e1d\u987b\u5ba3\u8bf4\u300a\u8c61\u8ff9\u55bb\u5c0f\u7ecf\u300b\uff0c\u56fd\u738b\u5bf9\u5176\u5341\u5206\u656c\u91cd\uff0c\u4f7f\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u6210\u4e3a\u5f53\u65f6\u4e0a\u5ea7\u90e8\u4f5b\u6559\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u91cd\u9547\uff0c\u5c0a\u8005\u6469\u54c2\u9640\u5728\u6b64\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5927\u5bfa\u6d3e\u3002\u89c1\u90d1\u7b71\u7b60\uff0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5357\u4f20\u4f5b\u6559\u7814\u7a76\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2012\uff1a\u7eea\u8bba1\u3002\u53e6\uff0c\u89c1 Suthep Promlert\uff0eKam ph\u012bmah\u0101vong Part I\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0ePhranakronsriayuttaya: Mah\u0101chul\u0101longkornr\u0101javidy\u0101laya University,2010\uff1a122.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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7. \u6210\u5c31\u521d\u7985 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u6210\u5c31\u521d\u7985 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u6210\u5c31\u521d\u7985 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u6210\u5c31\u521d\u7985 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4fee\u5b9a<\/p>\n

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\u00a0 \u00a0\u7b2c\u56db\u7985(120)\u3002 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u7b2c\u56db\u7985\u3002 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u7b2c\u56db\u7985\u3002 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u7b2c\u56db\u7985\u3002<\/p>\n

8.\u667a\u89c1(121) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5bbf\u547d\u667a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u5bbf\u547d\u667a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u5bbf\u547d\u667a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4fee\u6167<\/p>\n

9.\u5316\u4f5c\u610f\u6240\u751f\u8eab \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\uff08\u7b2c\u4e00\u660e\uff09 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4fee\u6167<\/p>\n

10.\u795e\u8db3\u901a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u4fee\u6167<\/p>\n

11.\u5929\u8033\u901a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u751f\u6b7b\u667a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u751f\u6b7b\u667a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u751f\u6b7b\u667a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4fee\u6167<\/p>\n

12.\u4ed6\u5fc3\u667a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\uff08\u7b2c\u4e8c\u660e\uff09 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u4fee\u6167<\/p>\n

13.\u5bbf\u4f4f\u968f\u5ff5\u667a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u4fee\u6167<\/p>\n

14.\u751f\u6b7b\u667a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u6f0f\u5c3d\u667a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u6f0f\u5c3d\u667a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6f0f\u5c3d\u667a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u4fee\u6167<\/p>\n

15.\u6f0f\u5c3d\u667a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \uff08\u7b2c\u4e09\u660e\uff09 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4fee\u6167<\/p>\n

(119) \u201c\u4e94\u76d6\u201d\uff08pa\u00f1ca-nivara\u1e47a\uff09\u8c13\u8986\u76d6\u5fc3\u6027\uff0c\u4ee4\u5584\u6cd5\u4e0d\u751f\u4e4b\u4e94\u79cd\u70e6\u607c\u3002\u5373\uff1a(\u4e00)\u8d2a\u6b32\u76d6\uff08k\u0101macchanda-nivara\u1e47a\uff09\uff0c\u6267\u8457\u8d2a\u7231\u4e94\u6b32\u4e4b\u5883\uff0c\u65e0\u6709\u538c\u8db3\uff0c\u800c\u76d6\u8986\u5fc3\u6027\u3002(\u4e8c)\u778b\u605a\u76d6\uff08by\u0101p\u0101da-nivara\u1e47a\uff09\uff0c\u4e8e\u8fdd\u60c5\u4e4b\u5883\u4e0a\u6000\u5fff\u6012\uff0c\u4ea6\u80fd\u76d6\u8986\u5fc3\u6027\u3002(\u4e09)\u60db\u7720\u76d6\uff08th\u012bna -middha-nivara\u1e47a\uff09\uff0c\u53c8\u4f5c\u7761\u7720\u76d6\u3002\u60db\u6c88\u4e0e\u7761\u7720\uff0c\u7686\u4f7f\u5fc3\u6027\u65e0\u6cd5\u79ef\u6781\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002(\u56db)\u6389\u4e3e\u6076\u4f5c\u76d6\uff08uddhacca-kukkucca-nivara\u1e47a\uff09\uff0c\u53c8\u4f5c\u6389\u620f\u76d6\u3001\u8c03\u620f\u76d6\u3001\u6389\u6094\u76d6\u3002\u5fc3\u4e4b\u8e81\u52a8\uff08\u6389\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u5fe7\u607c\u5df2\u4f5c\u4e4b\u4e8b\uff08\u6094\uff09\uff0c\u7686\u80fd\u76d6\u8986\u5fc3\u6027\u3002(\u4e94)\u7591\u76d6\uff08vicikicch\u0101-nivara\u1e47a\uff09\uff0c\u4e8e\u6cd5\u72b9\u8c6b\u800c\u65e0\u51b3\u65ad\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u76d6\u8986\u5fc3\u6027\u3002\u7b14\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u4e94\u76d6\u201d\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7c97\u70e6\u607c\uff1a\u8d2a\u6b32\u76d6\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8d2a\u70e6\u607c\u6839\uff1b\u778b\u76d6\u5c5e\u4e8e\u778b\u70e6\u607c\u6839\uff1b\u60db\u7720\u76d6\u3001\u6389\u6094\u76d6\u3001\u7591\u76d6\u7686\u5c5e\u4e8e\u75f4\u70e6\u607c\u6839\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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(120) \u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d\u5173\u4e8e\u6b63\u5b9a\uff08\u56db\u7985\uff09\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u300a\u8c61\u8ff9\u55bb\u5c0f\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\uff1a\u201c\u6bd4\u4e18\u820d\u4e50\u3001\u820d\u82e6\uff0c\u5148\u5df2\u4ee5\u706d\u559c\u5fe7\uff0c\u4e0d\u82e6\u4e0d\u4e50\uff0c\u820d\u3001\u5ff5\u3001\u6e05\u51c0\uff0c\u6210\u5c31\u7b2c\u56db\u7985\u800c\u4f4f\u3002\u5a46\u7f57\u95e8\uff01\u6b64\u8c13\u5982\u6765\u4e4b\u8db3\u8ff9\u3001\u5982\u6765\u4e4b\u884c\u8ff9\u3001\u5982\u6765\u4e4b\u51ff\u9053\u3002\u7136\u72b9\u5723\u5f1f\u5b50\u672a\u5230\u8fbe\u7a76\u7adf\u3002\u2026\u2026\u5982\u662f\u77e5\uff0c\u5982\u662f\u89c1\uff0c\u5f7c\u5fc3\u89e3\u8131\u7231\u6b32\u4e4b\u6f0f\u3001\u5fc3\u89e3\u8131\u6709\u6f0f\u3001\u5fc3\u89e3\u8131\u65e0\u660e\u4e4b\u6f0f\u3001\u89e3\u8131\u5df2\uff0c\u77e5\u2018\u4e8e\u89e3\u8131\u800c\u89e3\u8131\uff0c\u2019\u77e5\u2018\u751f\u5df2\u5c3d\uff0c\u68b5\u884c\u5df2\u6210\uff0c\u5e94\u4f5c\u5df2\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e0d\u66f4\u5230\u6b64\u4e4b\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u2019\u5a46\u7f57\u95e8\uff01\u6b64\u8c13\u5982\u6765\u4e4b\u8db3\u8ff9\u3001\u5982\u6765\u4e4b\u884c\u8ff9\u3001\u5982\u6765\u4e4b\u51ff\u9053\u3002\u5a46\u7f57\u95e8\uff01\u5982\u662f\uff0c\u5723\u5f1f\u5b50\u5230\u8fbe\u7a76\u7adf\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.I.p.182-184.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c9\uff0c\u9875251-253\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(121) (\u00f1\u0101\u1e47a-dassana)\u6216\u8005\u662f\u201c\u89c2\u667a\u201d(vipassan\u0101-\u00f1\u0101\u1e47a) \u4f7f\u751f\u8d77\u538c\u79bb\u5fc3\u3001\u4e0d\u6267\u8457\uff0c\u4fc3\u6210\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u660e\u4e86\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\uff08\u5982\u5b9e\u667a\u89c1\uff09\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(122) \u4e8e\u300a\u4fe1\u7ecf\u300b\u4f5b\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u820d\u5229\u5f17\uff01\u5723\u5f1f\u5b50\u82e5\u5bf9\u5982\u6765\u4e00\u5411\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff0c\u5f7c\u5219\u4e8e\u5982\u6765\u4e4b\u6559\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0d\u751f\u72b9\u8c6b\u3001\u7591\u60d1\u3002\u820d\u5229\u5f17\uff01\u6709\u4fe1\u4e4b\u5723\u5f1f\u5b50\uff0c\u53d1\u52e4\u800c\u4f4f\uff0c\u4e3a\u65ad\u8bf8\u4e0d\u5584\u6cd5\u3001\u5177\u8db3\u8bf8\u5584\u6cd5\uff0c\u7cbe\u8fdb\u3001\u52c7\u5065\u575a\u56fa\uff0c\u4e8e\u8bf8\u5584\u6cd5\u4e0d\u820d\u5176\u8f6d\uff0c\u662f\u53ef\u671f\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.226.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c18\uff0c\u987548\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(123) \u201c\u4e0d\u5706\u6ee1\u6212\u8574\uff0c\u800c\u53ef\u5706\u6ee1\u5b9a\u8574\u8005\uff0c\u65e0\u6709\u662f\u5904\uff1b\u4e0d\u5706\u6ee1\u5b9a\u8574\uff0c\u800c\u53ef\u5706\u6ee1\u6167\u8574\u8005\uff0c\u65e0\u6709\u662f\u5904\u3002\u2026\u2026\u5706\u6ee1\u6212\u8574\u5df2\uff0c\u800c\u53ef\u5706\u6ee1\u5b9a\u8574\u8005\uff0c\u5fc5\u6709\u662f\u5904\uff1b\u5706\u6ee1\u5b9a\u8574\u5df2\uff0c\u800c\u53ef\u5706\u6ee1\u6167\u8574\u8005\uff0c\u5fc5\u6709\u662f\u5904\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.III.p.15-16.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e \u518c21\uff0c\u987519\u3002\u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u4e8e\u65e0\u6212\u3001\u574f\u6212\u8005\uff0c\u5176\u6b63\u5b9a\u4e4b\u56e0\u7834\uff1b\u6b63\u5b9a\u65e0\u6709\u65f6\uff0c\u4e8e\u574f\u6b63\u5b9a\u8005\uff0c\u5176\u5982\u5b9e\u667a\u89c1\u4e4b\u56e0\u7834\uff1b\u5982\u5b9e\u667a\u89c1\u65e0\u6709\u65f6\uff0c\u574f\u5982\u5b9e\u667a\u89c1\u8005\uff0c\u538c\u5f03\u4e0e\u79bb\u6b32\u4e4b\u56e0\u7834\uff1b\u538c\u5f03\u4e0e\u79bb\u6b32\u65e0\u6709\u65f6\uff0c\u574f\u538c\u5f03\u4e0e\u79bb\u6b32\u8005\uff0c\u89e3\u8131\u4e0e\u667a\u89c1\u4e4b\u56e0\u7834\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.III.p.19.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c21\uff0c\u987523\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(124) \u4f5b\u9640\u5c06\u95ed\u5173\u65f6\u95f4\u5206\u4e3a\u56db\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5373\uff1a1. \u5b66\u4e60\u4f5b\u6cd5\u65f6\u95f4\u30022. \u8be2\u95ee\u4e4b\u65f6\u95f4\u30023. \u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u7cbe\u8fdb\u4fee\u884c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4(\u8b6c\u5982\uff1a\u65e9\u4e0a\u548c\u665a\u4e0a\uff0c\u767d\u5929\u5de5\u4f5c\u9664\u4e86\u65f6\u65f6\u523b\u523b\u7ef4\u6301\u6b63\u77e5\u6b63\u5ff5\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u53ef\u5b89\u6392\u4e00\u5206\u949f\u628a\u5fc3\u5b81\u9759\u4e0b\u6765)\u30024. \u72ec\u5c45\u9759\u5750\u4e4b\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5373\u5b89\u6392\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u72ec\u5c45\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u4fee\u884c\u9759\u5750(\u8b6c\u5982\uff1a\u6bcf\u5e74\u53ef\u5b89\u63928-30\u5929\u7985\u4fee\u6d3b\u52a8)\u3002\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5e A.IV.p.114. \u00a0 \u00a0\uff08dhamma\u00f1\u00f1\u016b sutta\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

(125)\uff08viveka\u8fdc\u79bb\u3001\u72ec\u5904\uff09\u8fdc\u79bb\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\uff0c\u5373\u662f(\u4e00)\u8eab\u8fdc\u79bb\u3002(\u4e8c)\u5fc3\u8fdc\u79bb\u3002(\u4e09) \u6e34\u7231\u70e6\u607c\u6267\u8457\u4e4b\u8fdc\u79bb\u3002 (\u4e00)\u8eab\u8fdc\u79bb\u8005\uff1a\u5373\u4ee5\u8eab\u8fdc\u79bb\u4f4f\u4e8e\u963f\u7ec3\u82e5\u3001\u6811\u4e0b\u3001\u5c71\u7a9f\u3001\u68ee\u6797\u7b49\u3002\u5f7c\u72ec\u884c\uff0c\u72ec\u4f4f\uff0c\u72ec\u5750\uff0c\u72ec\u5367\uff0c\u72ec\u5bc6\u5750\u7985\uff0c\u72ec\u7ecf\u884c\uff0c\u72ec\u884c\u7b49\u3002\u6b64\u662f\u8eab\u8fdc\u79bb\u3002(\u4e8c)\u5fc3\u8fdc\u79bb\uff1a\u5373\u662f\u65ad\u9664\u8bf8\u76d6\uff0c\u5165\u5b9a\u4e8e\u521d\u7985\u8005\u4e4b\u5fc3\u3002\u5165\u5b9a\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7985\u8005\u3002\u5165\u5b9a\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e09\u7985\u8005\u3002\u5165\u5b9a\u4e8e\u7b2c\u56db\u7985\u8005\u3002\u987b\u9640\u6052\u4e4b\u5fc3\u8fdc\u79bb\u6709\u8eab\u89c1\u3001\u7591\u3001\u6212\u7981\u53d6\u3001\u89c1\u968f\u7720\u3001\u7591\u968f\u7720\u53ca\u5176\u4e00\u8d77\u4e4b\u8bf8\u70e6\u607c\u3002\u65af\u9640\u542b\u4e4b\u5fc3\u8fdc\u79bb\u9ea4\u4e4b\u6b32\u8d2a\u7ed3\u3001\u778b\u605a\u7ed3\u3001\u9ea4\u6b32\u8d2a\u968f\u7720\u3001\u778b\u605a\u968f\u7720\u53ca\u5176\u4e00\u8d77\u4e4b\u8bf8\u70e6\u607c\u3002\u963f\u90a3\u542b\u4e4b\u5fc3\u8fdc\u79bb\u5fae\u4ff1\u4e4b\u6b32\u8d2a\u7ed3\u3001\u778b\u605a\u7ed3\u3001\u5fae\u4ff1\u4e4b\u6b32\u8d2a\u968f\u7720\u3001\u778b\u605a\u968f\u7720\u53ca\u5176\u4e00\u8d77\u4e4b\u8bf8\u70e6\u607c\u3002\u963f\u00a0\u7f57\u6c49\u4e4b\u5fc3\u8fdc\u79bb\u8272\u8d2a\u3001\u65e0\u8272\u8d2a\u3001\u6162\u3001\u6389\u4e3e\u3001\u65e0\u660e\u3001\u6162\u968f\u7720\u3001\u6709\u8d2a\u968f\u7720\u3001\u65e0\u660e\u968f\u7720\u53ca\u5176\u4e00\u8d77\u4e4b\u8bf8\u70e6\u607c\u53ca\u5916\u4e4b\u4e00\u5207\u76f8\u3002\u6b64\u662f\u5fc3\u8fdc\u79bb\u3002(\u4e09) \u6e34\u7231\u70e6\u607c\u6267\u8457\u4e4b\u8fdc\u79bb\uff1a\u5373\u662f\u6e34\u7231\u70e6\u607c\u6267\u8457\u5373\u662f\u70e6\u607c\u3001\u8574\u3001\u9020\u4f5c\u3002\u6e34\u7231\u70e6\u607c\u6267\u8457\u4e4b\u8fdc\u79bb\u5373\u662f\u7518\u9732\u6d85\u69c3\u3002\u6b64\u662f\u6e34\u7231\u70e6\u607c\u6267\u8457\u4e4b\u8fdc\u79bb\u3002\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eMNid.p.341-342.\uff08TuvaTakasuttaniddeso\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u7aef\u8eab\u9759\u5750\uff0c\u73b0\u8d77\u6df1\u6b63\u5ff5\uff0c\u65ad\u9664\u201c\u4e94\u76d6\u201d\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u624d\u80fd\u6210\u5c31\u521d\u7985\u3001\u4e8c\u7985\u3001\u4e09\u7985\u3001\u56db\u7985\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u8bc1\u5f97\u201c\u4e09\u660e\u201d\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u4e94\u76d6\u201d\uff0c\u300a\u957f\u90e8\u2022\u4e09\u660e\u7ecf\u300b\u4f5b\u9640\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5728\u5723\u8005\u7684\u5f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e94\u76d6\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u8bf8\u969c\uff0c\u88ab\u53eb\u505a\u8bf8\u76d6\uff0c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u8986\u853d\uff0c\u88ab\u53eb\u505a\u6346\u7ed1\u201d\u3002\u76f8\u5e94\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u63d0\u5230\uff1a\u201c\u4e94\u76d6\u201d\u8986\u76d6\u5fc3\u6027\uff0c\u80fd\u4f7f\u4e3a\u9ed1\u6697\u3001\u4e3a\u65e0\u76ee\u3001\u4e3a\u65e0\u667a\u3001\u706d\u6167\u3001\u81f3\u4e8e\u574f\u706d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ee4\u5f97\u6d85\u69c3\u3002\u53c8\uff0c\u589e\u652f\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u4e5f\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff1a\u201c\u4e94\u76d6\u201d\u662f\u969c\u3001\u662f\u76d6\uff0c\u8986\u853d\u5fc3\u6027\u3001\u538b\u5236\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f31\u529b\u3002\u65ad\u4e94\u76d6\u8005\u624d\u80fd\u8bc1\u5f97\u667a\u89c1\uff0c\u8f6c\u51e1\u5165\u5723\uff0c\u53ef\u77e5\u81ea\u5229\u3001\u5229\u4ed6\u3002
\n\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u5728\u6b63\u5f53\u4fee\u884c\u8def\u7ebf\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8981\u6210\u5c31\u56db\u7985\u5b9a\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u91cd\u8981\u624b\u6bb5\u5373\u201c\u65ad\u9664\u4e94\u76d6\u201d\u3002\u6210\u5c31\u56db\u7985\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u4ee5\u5b9a\u751f\u6167\uff0c\u5982\u5b9e\u4e86\u77e5\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u201c\u6b63\u5b9a\u201d\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u624d\u80fd\u5bf9\u4e00\u5207\u73b0\u8c61\u6709\u5982\u5b9e\u667a\u89c1\u3002\u201c\u5b9a\u5b66\u201d\u662f\u589e\u4e0a\u6167\u5b66\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u662f\u4f5b\u6559\u4e4b\u6839\u672c\uff0c\u7eed\u4f5b\u6167\u547d\u4e4b\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u5fc3\u5165\u5b9a\u8d8a\u6df1\uff0c\u667a\u6167\u8d8a\u5e7f\u5927\uff0c\u56e0\u667a\u6167\u751f\u800c\u70e6\u607c\u706d\uff0c\u5f53\u53cd\u590d\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u4fee\u5b9a\u79ef\u6167\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5c31\u4f1a\u9664\u5c3d\u8bf8\u70e6\u607c\u3002<\/p>\n

(126)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.331-333.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

(127)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.I.p.246.(Tevijja sutta)\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e \u518c6 \uff0c\u9875263\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(128) \u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6709\u4e94\u79cd\u76d6\uff0c\u80fd\u4f7f\u4e3a\u9ed1\u6697\u3001\u4e3a\u65e0\u76ee\u3001\u4e3a\u65e0\u667a\u3001\u706d\u6167\u3001\u81f3\u4e8e\u574f\u706d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ee4\u5f97\u6d85\u69c3\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.97.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c17\uff0c\u9875260\u3002\u300a\u76d6\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(129) \u4f5b\u9640\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u82e5\u6bd4\u4e18\u65ad\u6b64\u7b49\u4e94\u8005\u4e4b\u969c\u3001\u76d6\uff0c\u8986\u853d\u5176\u5fc3\u3001\u8870\u635f\u5176\u6167\u8005\u3002\u4e8e\u6167\u6709\u529b\u65f6\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u77e5\u81ea\u5229\u3001\u5229\u4ed6\uff0c\u6216\u53ef\u77e5\u4e24\u5229\uff0c\u53ef\u4f5c\u8bc1\u667a\u89c1\uff0c\u4f9d\u6167\u4e4b\u529b\u800c\u66f4\u80fd\u4f5c\u6b8a\u80dc\u4e4b\u5723\u6027\uff0c\u8d85\u51fa\u4eba\u4e4b\u5584\u6cd5\u5883\u754c\uff0c\u5b9e\u6709\u662f\u5904\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.III.p.64.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c21\uff0c\u987577\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(130)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.414.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.III.p.13. \uff1b\u201c\u5f53\u4ed6\u7684\u5fc3\u5165\u5b9a\u3001\u6e05\u51c0\u3001\u5149\u660e\u3001\u65e0\u79fd\u3001\u8fdc\u79bb\u968f\u70e6\u607c\u3001\u67d4\u8f6f\u3001\u9002\u5408\u4f5c\u4e1a\u3001\u7a33\u56fa\u4e0e\u8fbe\u5230\u4e0d\u52a8\u6447\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f15\u5bfc\u5176\u5fc3\uff0c\u4f7f\u5fc3\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u5bbf\u4f4f\u968f\u5ff5\u667a\u3001\u751f\u6b7b\u667a\u3001\u6f0f\u5c3d\u667a\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.I.p.81-84.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.I.p.117.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(131)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.10.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(132)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.II.p.225.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u7b2c\u4e09\u8282 \u51fa\u4e16\u4e0e\u5165\u4e16\u7406\u8bba\u4e4b\u5173\u7cfb
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e00\u3001\u516b\u5723\u9053\u4fee\u884c\u662f\u5165\u4e16\u548c\u51fa\u4e16\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8f68\u9053
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n\u5173\u4e8e\u4fee\u5b9a\u751f\u6167\u548c\u8bc1\u679c\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u7b14\u8005\u6574\u7406\u5982\u8868\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u00a0(133) \u4e09\u7ed3\uff1a\u662f\u6307\u6709\u8eab\u89c1\u7ed3\uff08sakk\u0101yadi\u1e6d\u1e6dhi-sa\u1e43yojana\uff09\u3001\u6212\u7981\u53d6\u7ed3\uff08s\u012blabbatapar\u0101m\u0101sa -sa\u1e43yojana\uff09\u3001\u7591\u7ed3\uff08vicikicch\u0101-sa\u1e43yojana\uff09\u3002\u201c\u7ed3\u201d\uff08sa\u1e43yojana\u7cfb\u7f1a\u3001\u7ed3\u7f1a\u3001\u675f\u7f1a\u3001\u684e\u688f\uff09\u662f\u70e6\u607c\u7684\u5f02\u540d\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u56e0\u7f18 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4f7f\u5f97 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u7136\u540e \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u7ed3\u679c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u679c\u4f4d
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

1.\u4f4f\u7a7a\u95f2\u5904\u3001 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u65ad\u4e94\u76d6 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u751f\u60a6\u3001\u559c\u3001\u8eab\u8f7b\u5b89\u3001 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u8bc1\u5f97\u521d\u7985\u3001\u4e8c\u7985\u3001\u4e09\u7985\u3001\u56db\u7985 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u51e1\u592b
\n\u7aef\u8eab\u9759\u5750(134) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5fc3\u5b89\u4e50<\/p>\n

2.\u56db\u7985(135) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6cd5\u773c\u751f\u3001 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e8e\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\u4ee5\u4e09 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5982\u5b9e\u667a\u89c1\u3002 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u79cd\u59d3(136)
\n\u667a\u751f\u3001 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u8f6c\u5341\u4e8c\u884c\u76f8\u4e4b
\n\u6167\u751f\u3001 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5982\u5b9e\u667a\u89c1\uff08\u6b62 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u65ad\u9664\u201c\u4e09\u4e0b\u5206\u7ed3\u201d\u3002 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u6210\u4e3a \u201c\u987b\u9640\u6d39\u201d(137)
\n\u660e\u751f\u3001 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e0e\u89c2\u53cc\u8fd0\uff09\u3002
\n\u5149\u660e\u751f \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u65ad\u9664\u201c\u4e09\u4e0b\u5206\u7ed3\u201d\uff0c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6210\u4e3a \u201c\u65af\u9640\u542b\u201d(138)<\/p>\n

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\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u65ad\u5c3d\u201c\u4e94\u4e0b\u5206\u7ed3\u201d(139)\uff0c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u6210\u4e3a \u201c\u963f\u90a3\u542b\u201d(140)<\/p>\n

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(134) \u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\uff08viveka\u8fdc\u79bb\u3001\u72ec\u5904\u3001\u95ed\u5173\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

(135) \u6b64\u7b49\u56db\u79cd\u5b89\u4e50\u884c\uff08\u56db\u7985\uff09\uff0c\u5fc5\u5bfc\u4e8e\u8fdc\u79bb\u3001\u79bb\u6b32\u3001\u706d\u5c3d\u3001\u5bc2\u9759\u3001\u901a\u667a\u3001\u6b63\u89c9\u3001\u6d85\u69c3\u3002 \u2026\u2026\u4e13\u5fc3\u4e8e\u6b64\u7b49\u56db\u79cd\u5b89\u4e50\u884c\uff0c\u53ef\u671f\u5f85\u56db\u679c\u3001\u56db\u5229\u76ca\uff1a\u4e00\u679c\u3001\u4e8c\u679c\u3001\u4e09\u679c\u3001\u56db\u679c\u3002\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.III.p.132.( p\u0101s\u0101dika sutta)<\/strong><\/p>\n

(136) \u89c9\u97f3\u5c0a\u8005\uff0e\u6e05\u51c0\u9053\u8bba\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u9ad8\u96c4\uff1a\u6b63\u89c9\u5b66\u4f1a\uff0c2000\uff1a693-695.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(137) \u7b2c\u4e00\u679c\uff08\u521d\u679c\uff09\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u201c\u9884\u6d41\u201d:\u4e0d\u5815\u6076\u5904\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u5411\u6b63\u89c9\uff0c\u6700\u591a\u518d\u4e03\u6b21\u7684\u4eba\u5929\u5f80\u8fd4\uff0c\u5fc5\u8fbe\u7a76\u7adf\u89e3\u8131\u3002\uff08\u65ad\u524d\u4e09\u7ed3\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5b83\u4e03\u7ed3\uff0c\u5373\u662f\uff1a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u8d2a\u6b32\u3001\u778b\u3001\u75f4\u3001\u8272\u754c\u6b32\u3001\u65e0\u8272\u754c\u6b32\u3001\u6211\u6162\u3001\u6389\u4e3e\u53ca\u65e0\u660e\u8fd8\u6ca1\u65ad\u9664\u6389\u3002\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

(138)\uff08\u4e8c\u679c\uff09\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u201c\u4e00\u6765\u201d\uff1a\u5f80\u751f\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u518d\u6765\u4eba\u95f4\u6295\u80ce\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fbe\u7a76\u7adf\u89e3\u8131\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(139) \u2018\u4e94\u4e0b\u5206\u7ed3\u2019\uff1a\u6709\u8eab\u89c1\u7ed3\u3001\u6212\u7981\u53d6\u7ed3\u3001\u7591\u7ed3\u4ee5\u5916\u3001\u6b32\u8d2a\u7ed3\uff08k\u0101mar\u0101ga-sa\u1e43yojana\uff09\u3001 \u778b\u605a\u7ed3\uff08pa\u1e6digha-sa\u1e43yojana\uff09\u3002\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5e \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0A.V.p.17.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(140)\uff08\u4e09\u679c\uff09\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u201c\u4e0d\u8fd8\u201d\uff1a\u4e34\u547d\u7ec8\u5f80\u751f\u4e4b\u9645\uff08\u6210\u4e3a\u5316\u751f\u8005\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u5f7c\u4e16\u5f97\u6d85\u69c3\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u4ece\u6b64\u65f6\u590d\u5f52\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(141)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.V.p.17.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4ece\u8868\u4e0a\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u73b0\u4e16\u65ad\u70e6\u607c\u800c\u6b21\u7b2c\u89e3\u8131\u7684\u6700\u5173\u952e\u4e4b\u56e0\u7f18\u5373\u662f\u5b89\u6392\u59a5\u5f53\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u95ed\u5173\u7985\u4fee\uff0c\u201c\u65ad\u4e94\u76d6\u201d\u662f\u8bc1\u5f97\u521d\u7985\u4e4b\u91cd\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u7531\u4fee\u56db\u7985\u800c \u201c\u6cd5\u773c\u751f\u3001\u667a\u751f\u201d\u662f\u5b9a\u751f\u6167\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u5173\u952e\u4e4b\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u5982\u5b9e\u667a\u89c1\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u516b\u5723\u9053\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u6b63\u89c1\u201d\u3002\u6b64\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u201c\u4e16\u95f4\u6167\u201d\u5347\u7a0b\u81f3\u201c\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u6167\u201d\u4e4b\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u4f5b\u6559\u516b\u5723\u9053\u4fee\u884c\u662f\u5165\u4e16\u548c\u51fa\u4e16\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8f68\u9053\u3002
\n\u4e8c\u3001\u4fee\u884c\u89e3\u8131\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u5f0f\u56e0\u7f18<\/strong>
\n\u4f17\u751f\u5728\u73b0\u5b9e\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b66\u4f5b\u4fee\u884c\u5177\u6709\u5404\u79cd\u7684\u6839\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u79cd\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u89c9\u609f\u7684\u56e0\u7f18\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u5fc6\u5ff5\u81ea\u5df1\u5e03\u65bd\u3001\u5b88\u6301\u6e05\u51c0\u6212\u800c\u89c9\u609f\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u5bf9\u4f5b\u9640\u6709\u8654\u8bda\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u800c\u89c9\u609f\u7b49\u3002\u6b64\u7b49\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u91ca\uff1f\u7b14\u8005\u636e\u5df4\u5229\u6587\u4e09\u85cf\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u6574\u7406\u89e3\u91ca\u8bf4\u660e\u5982\u8868\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u4fee\u884c \u6b21\u7b2c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4fee\u884c\u8def\u7ebf\u5f97\u89e3\u8131\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u56e0\u7f18\u548c\u5fc3\u5f97\u5b9a\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u300a\u4f55\u4e49\u7ecf\u300b(142) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u300a\u89e3\u8131\u7ecf\u300b(143) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u300a\u7f18\u7ecf\u300b(144) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u300a\u5f8b\u85cf.\u8863\u728d\u5ea6\u300b(145)<\/strong><\/p>\n

1 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u5584\u6212 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4fee\u884c\u8def\u7ebf\u7684\u56e0\u7f18 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u4fe1 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5e03\u65bd<\/p>\n

2 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u65e0\u540e\u6094 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01\uff09\u6cd5\u4e4b\u542c\u95fb<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\uff08avippa\u1e6dis\u0101ra\uff09 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a02\uff09\u6cd5\u4e4b\u8bf4\u793a<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a03\uff09\u6cd5\u4e4b\u8bfb\u8bf5 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u5fc6\u5ff5\u529f\u5fb7<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a04\uff09\u6cd5\u4e4b\u89c2\u5bdf<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a05\uff09\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4fee\u4e60<\/p>\n

3 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u80fd\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u4e86\u77e5\u6cd5\u4e49<\/p>\n

4 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u60a6 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u60a6 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u60a6 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u60a6<\/p>\n

5 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u559c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u559c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u559c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u559c<\/p>\n

6 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u8eab\u8f7b\u5b89 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u8eab\u8f7b\u5b89 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u8eab\u8f7b\u5b89 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u8eab\u8f7b\u5b89<\/p>\n


\n(142)<\/strong>\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.V.p.1.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.V.p.311.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(143)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.III.p.279. \uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.III.p.21-24.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(144) \u201c\u7f18\u82e6\u800c\u6709\u4fe1\uff0c\u7f18\u4fe1\u800c\u6709\u60a6\uff0c\u7f18\u60a6\u800c\u6709\u559c\uff0c\u7f18\u559c\u800c\u6709\u8f7b\u5b89\uff0c\u7f18\u8f7b\u5b89\u800c\u6709\u4e50\uff0c\u7f18\u4e50\u800c\u6709\u4e09\u6469\u5730\uff0c\u7f18\u4e09\u6469\u5730\u800c\u6709\u5982\u5b9e\u77e5\u89c1\uff0c\u7f18\u5982\u5b9e\u77e5\u89c1\u800c\u6709\u538c\u79bb\uff0c\u7f18\u538c\u79bb\u800c\u6709\u79bb\u8d2a\u6b32\uff0c\u7f18\u79bb\u8d2a\u6b32\u800c\u6709\u89e3\u8131\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.II.p.31-32.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c14\uff0c\u987536\u3002\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.I.p. 37-38.\u300a\u5e03\u55bb\u7ecf\u300b <\/strong><\/p>\n

(145)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eVin.I.p.294.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c3\uff0c\u9875382\u3002\uff08\u8863\u728d\u5ea6\u2219\u6bd8\u820d\u4f49\u9e7f\u6bcd\u4e4b\u4f9b\u517b\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4fee\u884c\u8def\u7ebf\u5f97\u89e3\u8131\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u56e0\u7f18\u548c\u5fc3\u5f97\u5b9a\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0\u4fee\u884c\u6b21\u7b2c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u300a\u4f55\u4e49\u7ecf\u300b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u300a\u89e3\u8131\u7ecf\u300b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u300a\u7f18\u7ecf\u300b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u300a\u5f8b\u85cf.\u8863\u728d\u5ea6\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 7 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u4e50 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u4e50 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u4e50 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u4e50<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a08 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5b9a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5b9a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5b9a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u5b9a<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a09 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5982\u5b9e\u667a\u89c1 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5982\u5b9e\u667a\u89c1 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u5c06\u5f97\u6839\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u529b\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u89c9\u652f\u5b66\u4e60<\/p>\n

\u00a0 10 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u538c\u79bb \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u538c\u79bb<\/p>\n

\u00a0 11 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u65e0\u6b32 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u79bb\u8d2a\u6b32<\/p>\n

\u00a0 12 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u89e3\u8131\u667a\u89c1 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u89e3\u8131 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u89e3\u8131<\/p>\n

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(146) \u4e13\u5fc3\u542c\u4f5b\u6cd5\u53ef\u6210\u5c31\u4e03\u89c9\u652f\uff0c\u300a\u76f8\u5e94\u90e8\u2022\u969c\u76d6\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u5723\u5f1f\u5b50\u5e0c\u6c42\u3001\u4f5c\u610f\u3001\u4e3e\u5fc3\u6709\u5ff5\u3001\u503e\u542c\u4e8e\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0c\u4e8e\u5f7c\u65e0\u6b64\u4e94\u76d6\uff0c\u6b64\u4e03\u89c9\u652f\u4fee\u4e60\u5706\u6ee1\u201d\u3002\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.96.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c17\uff0c\u9875257\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(147) \u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u5e94\u4fee\u4e60\u5b9a\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u5165\u5b9a\u4e4b\u6bd4\u4e18\uff0c\u5982\u5b9e\u4e86\u77e5\u3002\u4ee5\u4f55\u4e3a\u5982\u5b9e\u4e86\u77e5\u8036\uff1f\u6b64\u4e3a\u82e6\uff0c\u5982\u5b9e\u4e86\u77e5\uff1b\u6b64\u4e3a\u82e6\u96c6\uff0c\u5982\u5b9e\u4e86\u77e5\uff1b\u6b64\u4e3a\u82e6\u706d\uff0c\u5982\u5b9e\u4e86\u77e5\uff1b\u6b64\u4e3a\u987a\u82e6\u706d\u9053\uff0c\u5982\u5b9e\u4e86\u77e5\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.414.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c18\uff0c\u9875301\u3002\u300a\u5b9a\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n\u4ee5\u4fd7\u8c1b\u4e3a\u9636\u68af\uff08\u5de5\u5177\uff09\uff0c\u8bc1\u5f97\u771f\u8c1b\uff0c\u8c13\u4e4b\u201c\u7531\u4fd7\u5165\u771f\u201d\uff1b\u8bc1\u771f\u4e4b\u540e\u4ecd\u6709\u4fd7\u8c1b\u4f5c\u65b9\u4fbf\u65bd\u8bbe\uff0c\u8c13\u4e4b\u201c\u7531\u771f\u5316\u4fd7\u201d\u3002\u5c06\u4e8c\u8c1b\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u4f5c\u7edf\u4e00\u89c2\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u4e0d\u7740\u4e8c\u8fb9\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u201c\u4e2d\u9053\u89c2\u201d\uff08\u7b80\u79f0\u201c\u4e2d\u89c2\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u7efc\u5408\u771f\u4fd7\u4e8c\u8c1b\u800c\u7edf\u4e00\u5730\u770b\u5f85\u4e00\u5207\u8bf8\u6cd5\u3002\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u7406\u5ff5\u662f\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\uff0c\u4f46\u4f5b\u6559\u50e7\u4fd7\u56e2\u4f53\u4e5f\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u82e5\u79bb\u5f00\u73b0\u5b9e\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4f5b\u6559\u540c\u6837\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u751f\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n

(148) \u4f5b\u6559\u5728\u521b\u7acb\u4e4b\u521d\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u4e8c\u8c1b\u201d\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u540e\u6765\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u601d\u60f3\u9010\u6e10\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u5230\u4e86\u90e8\u6d3e\u4f5b\u6559\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u5927\u4e58\u4f5b\u6559\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u201c\u4e8c\u8c1b\u201d\u6210\u4e3a\u4f5b\u6559\u7406\u8bba\u4e2d\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u5185\u5bb9\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5bf9\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5f71\u54cd\u5f88\u5927\u3002\u59da\u536b\u7fa4\uff0e\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u201c\u4e8c\u8c1b\u201d\u4e0e\u5a46\u7f57\u95e8\u6559\u7684\u201c\u4e8c\u77e5\u201d\uff3bJ\uff3d\uff0e\u897f\u5357\u6c11\u65cf\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u62a5\uff0c2011\uff0c9\uff1a64\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(149) \u201c\u4f5b\u8bf4\u4e8c\u8c1b\uff1a\u771f\u8c1b\u3001\u4fd7\u8c1b\u3002\u771f\u8c1b\u8c13\u8272\u7b49\u6cd5\u53ca\u6ce5\u6d39\uff0c\u4fd7\u8c1b\u8c13\u4f46\u5047\u540d\uff0c\u65e0\u6709\u81ea\u4f53\uff0c\u5982\u8272\u7b49\u56e0\u7f18\u6210\u74f6\uff0c\u4e94\u9634\u56e0\u7f18\u6210\u4eba\u3002\u201dT32.1646.p.327a.\u300a\u6210\u5b9e\u8bba\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(150) \u201c\u8bf8\u4f5b\u4f9d\u4e8c\u8c1b\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f17\u751f\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e00\u4ee5\u4e16\u4fd7\u8c1b\uff0c\u4e8c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e49\u8c1b\uff0c\u82e5\u4eba\u4e0d\u80fd\u77e5\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4e8e\u4e8c\u8c1b\uff0c\u5219\u4e8e\u6df1\u4f5b\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u771f\u5b9e\u4e49\u2026\u2026\u82e5\u4e0d\u4f9d\u4fd7\u8c1b,\u4e0d\u5f97\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e49,\u4e0d\u5f97\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e49,\u5219\u4e0d\u5f97\u6d85\u69c3\u201dT30.1564.p.32c.\u300a\u4e2d\u8bba\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(151) \u201c\u82e5\u5f7c\u7269\u89c9\u5f7c\u7834\u4fbf\u65e0\uff0c\u5f7c\u7269\u5e94\u77e5\u540d\u4e16\u4fd7\u8c1b\u3002\u5982\u74f6\u88ab\u7834\u4e3a\u788e\u51e1\u65f6\u74f6\u89c9\u5219\u65e0\uff0c\u8863\u7b49\u4ea6\u5c14\u3002\u53c8\u82e5\u6709\u7269\u4ee5\u6167\u6790\uff0c\u9664\u5f7c\u89c9\u4fbf\u65e0\uff0c\u4ea6\u662f\u4e16\u4fd7\u3002\u5982\u6c34\u88ab\u6167\u6790\u8272\u7b49\u65f6\uff0c\u6c34\u89c9\u5219\u65e0\uff0c\u706b\u7b49\u4ea6\u5c14\u3002\u5373\u4e8e\u5f7c\u7269\u672a\u7834\u6790\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e16\u60f3\u540d\u65bd\u8bbe\u4e3a\u5f7c\uff0c\u65bd\u8bbe\u6709\u6545\u540d\u4e3a\u4e16\u4fd7\u3002\u4f9d\u4e16\u4fd7\u7406\u8bf4\u6709\u74f6\u7b49\uff0c\u662f\u5b9e\u975e\u865a\u540d\u4e16\u4fd7\u8c1b\u3002\u82e5\u7269\u5f02\u6b64\u540d\u80dc\u4e49\u8c1b\u3002\u8c13\u5f7c\u7269\u89c9\uff0c\u5f7c\u7834\u4e0d\u65e0\uff0c\u53ca\u6167\u6790\uff0c\u4f59\u5f7c\u89c9\u4ecd\u6709\uff0c\u5e94\u77e5\u5f7c\u7269\u540d\u80dc\u4e49\u8c1b\u3002\u5982\u8272\u7b49\u7269\u788e\u81f3\u6781\u5fae\uff0c\u6216\u4ee5\u80dc\u6167\u6790\u9664\u5473\u7b49\uff0c\u5f7c\u89c9\u6052\u6709\uff0c\u53d7\u7b49\u4ea6\u7136\u3002\u6b64\u771f\u5b9e\u6709\u6545\u540d\u80dc\u4e49\u3002\u4f9d\u80dc\u4e49\u7406\u8bf4\u6709\u8272\u7b49\uff0c\u662f\u5b9e\u975e\u865a\u540d\u80dc\u4e49\u8c1b\u3002\u201dT29.1558.p.116b.\u300a\u963f\u6bd8\u8fbe\u78e8\u4ff1\u820d\u8bba\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(152) \u201c\u5c0a\u8005\u4e16\u53cb\u4f5c\u5982\u662f\u8bf4\u3002\u80fd\u663e\u540d\u662f\u4e16\u4fd7\u3002\u6240\u663e\u6cd5\u662f\u80dc\u4e49\u3002\u590d\u4f5c\u662f\u8bf4\u3002\u968f\u987a\u4e16\u95f4\u6240\u8bf4\u540d\u662f\u4e16\u4fd7\u3002\u968f\u987a\u8d24\u5723\u6240\u8bf4\u540d\u662f\u80dc\u4e49\u3002\u5927\u5fb7\u8bf4\u66f0\u3002\u5ba3\u8bf4\u6709\u60c5\u74f6\u8863\u7b49\u4e8b\u3002\u4e0d\u865a\u5984\u5fc3\u6240\u8d77\u8a00\u8bf4\u662f\u4e16\u4fd7\u8c1b\u3002\u5ba3\u8bf4\u7f18\u6027\u7f18\u8d77\u7b49\u7406\u3002\u4e0d\u865a\u5984\u5fc3\u6240\u8d77\u8a00\u8bf4\u662f\u80dc\u4e49\u8c1b\u3002\u201dT27.1545.p.400a.\u300a\u963f\u6bd8\u8fbe\u78e8\u5927\u6bd8\u5a46\u6c99\u8bba\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(153) \u5362\u5347\u6cd5\uff0e\u4f5b\u5b66\u4e0e\u73b0\u4ee3\u65b0\u5112\u5bb6\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u6c88\u9633\uff1a\u8fbd\u5b81\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1994\uff1a33-34.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e8c\u8c1b\u662f\u5bf9\u7acb\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\uff0c\u4f9d\u636e\u4e8c\u8c1b\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u771f\u3001\u4fd7\u4e0d\u4e8c\u53ef\u5706\u878d\u8d2f\u901a\uff0c\u4e0d\u6267\u4e24\u7aef\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u9053\uff0c\u4ee5\u8c03\u548c\u800c\u9009\u62e9\u4f18\u5316\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u6210\u5c31\u4e24\u65b9\u8fbe\u6210\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u53cc\u8d62\u601d\u7ef4\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u548c\u8c10\u6c14\u6c1b\u957f\u671f\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u4e00\u5207\u4e8b\u7269\u5904\u7406\u5f97\u6070\u5230\u597d\u5904\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8eab\u5fc3\u3001\u4eba\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u3001\u610f\u89c1\u4e89\u6267\u3001\u4f01\u4e1a\u6c9f\u901a\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u89e3\u51b3\u6240\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u601d\u60f3\u4ea6\u4e0e\u5112\u5bb6\u7684\u201c\u4e2d\u5eb8\u201d\u4e4b\u9053\u6709\u76f8\u4f3c\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u6839\u636e\u300a\u8bba\u8bed\u300b\u3001\u300a\u4e2d\u5eb8\u300b\u7b49\u5112\u5bb6\u7ecf\u5178\uff0c\u5112\u5bb6\u7684\u4e2d\u5eb8\u4e4b\u9053\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u8bb2\u6c42\u4e0d\u504f\u4e0d\u501a\u3002<\/p>\n

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\n\u5f53\u770b\u51fa\u4eba\u751f\u4e00\u5207\u73b0\u8c61\u662f\u5047\u6709\uff0c\u662f\u65e0\u5e38\u3001\u82e6\u3001\u975e\u6211\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u6709\u5fc3\u7406\u51c6\u5907\uff0c\u5185\u5fc3\u65e0\u6267\u4e0e\u653e\u4e0b\uff0c\u61c2\u5f97\u9762\u5bf9\u81ea\u8eab\u5185\u5916\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u65e0\u5e38\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5fc3\u5c31\u65e0\u4f9d\u604b\uff0c\u80fd\u79bb\u6b32\u800c\u5f97\u89e3\u8131\u3002\u5982\u300a\u76f8\u5e94\u90e8\u7ecf\u300b\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u773c\u4e3a\u65e0\u5e38\uff0c\u51e1\u65e0\u5e38\u8005\uff0c\u5176\u4e3a\u82e6\uff1b\u51e1\u82e6\u8005\uff0c\u662f\u65e0\u6211\uff1b\u51e1\u65e0\u6211\u8005\uff0c\u662f\uff1a\u2018\u6b64\u975e\u6211\u6240\uff0c\u6b64\u975e\u6211\uff0c\u6b64\u975e\u6211\u4e4b\u6211\u3002\u2019\u5bf9\u6b64\u5e94\u5982\u662f\u4ee5\u6b63\u667a\u6167\u5982\u5b9e\u89c2\u3002\u8033\u3001\u9f3b\u3001\u820c\u3001\u8eab\u3001\u610f\u662f\u65e0\u5e38\uff0c\u51e1\u65e0\u5e38\u8005\uff0c\u662f\u82e6\u3002\u51e1\u82e6\u8005\uff0c\u662f\u65e0\u6211\uff0c\u51e1\u65e0\u6211\u8005\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\uff1a\u2018\u6b64\u975e\u6211\u6240\uff0c\u6b64\u975e\u6211\uff0c\u6b64\u975e\u6211\u4e4b\u6211\u3002\u2019\u5bf9\u6b64\u5e94\u5982\u662f\u4ee5\u6b63\u667a\u6167\u5982\u5b9e\u89c2\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u5982\u662f\u89c2\u8005\uff0c\u6709\u95fb\u4e4b\u5723\u5f1f\u5b50\u538c\u5acc\uff08nibbid\u0101\uff09\u4e8e\u773c\u3001\u8033\u3001\u9f3b\u3001\u820c\u3001\u8eab\u3001\u610f\uff0c\u7531\u538c\u5acc\u800c\u79bb\u6b32\uff08vir\u0101ga\uff09\uff0c\u7531\u79bb\u6b32\u800c\u5f97\u89e3\u8131\uff08vimutti\uff09\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

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(154) \u8b6c\u5982\uff0c\u5b8b\u4ee3\u5929\u53f0\u5b97\u7684\u5b64\u5c71\u50e7\u91ca\u667a\u5706\u4ee5\u4f5b\u6559\u4e4b\u201c\u4e2d\u9053\u201d\u8bf4\u5112\u5bb6\u4e4b\u201c\u4e2d\u5eb8\u201d\uff0c\u81f3\u4e8e\u597d\u5112\u800c\u6076\u91ca\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8d35\u91ca\u800c\u8d31\u5112\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u90fd\u662f\u8fdd\u80cc\u4e2d\u5eb8\u4e4b\u9053\u7684\u3002 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\u6b64\u601d\u60f3\u53ef\u8c03\u548c\u5112\u91ca\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u3002\u89c1\u8d56\u6c38\u6d77\uff0e\u4f5b\u5b66\u4e0e\u5112\u5b66\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u6d59\u6c5f\uff1a\u6d59\u6c5f\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1992\uff1a105\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(155)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eSN.IV.p.1-2.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c16\uff0c\u98752\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n\u5165\u4e16\u548c\u51fa\u4e16\u7684\u4fee\u884c\u662f\u4ece\u73b0\u5b9e\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u4fee\u884c\u800c\u6210\u5c31\u7684\u5171\u901a\u8def\u7ebf\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u770b\u51fa\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u4e2d\u7684\u6b63\u89c1\u548c\u6b63\u601d\u60df\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u5176\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u751f\u547d\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u53ca\u9020\u4e1a\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u6b63\u5f53\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u548c\u601d\u60df\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u8fde\u7eed\u6b63\u8bed\u3001\u6b63\u4e1a\u3001\u6b63\u547d\u76f4\u81f3\u6b63\u5b9a\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u957f\u671f\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u575a\u6301\u4e0e\u78e8\u783a\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u8d8b\u5411\u4e8e\u89e3\u8131\u3002\u7531\u7ecf\u5178\u8bb0\u8f7d\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u5b9e\u8df5\u4fee\u884c\u4f5b\u6cd5\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u4e0d\u79bb\u4e16\u95f4\u800c\u878d\u5165\u4e16\u95f4\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u751f\u6d3b\u5404\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u80fd\u5706\u878d\u4e16\u4fd7\u548c\u51fa\u4e16\u751f\u547d\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5c0f \u7ed3<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n\u516b\u5723\u9053\u7684\u4fee\u884c\u6b63\u662f\u4f5b\u6cd5\u7684\u6559\u5bfc\u4e2d\u5165\u4e16\u548c\u51fa\u4e16\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8f68\u9053\u3002\u4f5b\u9640\u4f9d\u636e\u5176\u6240\u89c9\u609f\u7684\u6cd5\uff0c\u6307\u793a\u5e94\u5f53\u8fdc\u79bb\u4e24\u79cd\u6781\u7aef\u7684\u4fee\u884c\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u4e8e\u8bf8\u6b32\u4e50\u4e3a\u4e8b\u201d\uff08\u6c89\u6e4e\u6b32\u4e50\uff09\u53ca\u201c\u81ea\u4ee5\u82e6\u884c\u4e3a\u4e8b\u201d\uff08\u4fee\u4e60\u82e6\u884c\uff09\uff1b\u800c\u63d0\u5021\u201c\u4e2d\u9053\u201d<\/p>\n

(156)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eSN.IV.p.2-3.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c16\uff0c\u98753-4\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u4f5b\u6cd5\u6240\u8981\u8fbe\u5230\u7684\u8f6c\u51e1\u6210\u5723\u3001\u7ec8\u5165\u6d85\u69c3\u7684\u5d07\u9ad8\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0d\u5207\u5408\u4e16\u95f4\u5b9e\u9645\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u7a7a\u60f3\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u8fdb\u5165\u6beb\u65e0\u4e00\u7269\u7684\u201c\u865a\u7a7a\u201d\u5883\u754c\uff1b\u800c\u662f\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u516b\u652f\u5723\u9053\u6b21\u7b2c\u589e\u4e0a\u7684\u7cbe\u8fdb\u4fee\u884c\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u52aa\u529b\u548c\u7d2f\u79ef\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u6700\u7ec8\u8fbe\u5230\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u90fd\u662f\u548c\u6d3b\u751f\u751f\u7684\u73b0\u4e16\u751f\u547d\u606f\u606f\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u4e5f\u90fd\u80fd\u591f\u811a\u8e0f\u5b9e\u5730\u5730\u53bb\u505a\u3001\u53bb\u6210\u5c31\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f5b\u6559\u76f8\u4fe1\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4f17\u751f\u672c\u6765\u6089\u5177\u4f5b\u6027\uff0c\u5bf9\u4eba\u5f03\u6076\u8f6c\u5584\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u6709\u5145\u5206\u4fe1\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u800c\u7ecf\u5178\u6240\u8f7d\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u6559\u5bfc\u4eba\u662f\u4ee5\u201c\u6b63\u89c1\u201d\u4e3a\u5148\u884c\uff0c\u4e3a\u4fee\u884c\u89e3\u8131\u4e4b\u5f00\u7aef\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u201c\u4e16\u95f4\u6b63\u89c1\u201d\u4e5f\u662f\u5f00\u542f\u4fee\u884c\u7684\u52a8\u673a\u3002\u800c\u5728\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u4fee\u884c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b63\u89c1\u3001\u6b63\u7cbe\u8fdb\uff08\u56db\u6b63\u52e4\uff09\u3001\u6b63\u5ff5\uff08\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\uff09\u5177\u6709\u5341\u5206\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u52a9\u7f18\u3002\u7531\u524d\u4e03\u652f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e0d\u65ad\u79ef\u7d2f\u7684\u8d44\u7cae\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u7684\u201c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u201d\u2014\u2014\u6b63\u5b9a\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6b63\u5b9a\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u6b63\u667a\uff0c\u7ec8\u7a76\u5982\u5b9e\u4e86\u77e5\u4f5b\u9640\u6240\u8bc1\u609f\u4e4b\u6cd5\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5373\u201c\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e16\u95f4\u672c\u6709\u7684\u771f\u8c1b\u3002\u7531\u6b64\uff0c\u5219\u5f00\u542f\u4e86\u201c\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u6b63\u89c1\u201d\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u516b\u5723\u9053\u7684\u4fee\u884c\u7d2f\u79ef\u589e\u4e0a\u800c\u8d8b\u5411\u7a76\u7adf\u6d85\u69c3\u4e4b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002
\n\u8fd9\u663e\u660e\uff0c\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u516b\u5723\u9053\u4fee\u884c\u4e0e\u4e16\u95f4\u516b\u5723\u9053\u4fee\u884c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5272\u88c2\u800c\u6beb\u65e0\u5173\u8054\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5374\u662f\u751f\u547d\u4fee\u884c\u5b9e\u8df5\u7531\u201c\u4e16\u95f4\u6167\u201d\u5347\u534e\u81f3\u201c\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u6167\u201d\u8fd9\u4e0d\u65ad\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8fde\u7eed\u4e14\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u73af\u8282\u3002\u56e0\u800c\uff0c\u4e5f\u624d\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u201c\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u201d\u5bf9\u4e8e\u73b0\u5b9e\u4eba\u751f\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u6307\u5bfc\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e16\u95f4\u548c\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u4fee\u884c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u5176\u201c\u7ebd\u5e26\u201d\u6b63\u662f\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u8fd9\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u4e2d\u9053\u2014\u2014\u53ef\u4ee5\u65ad\u8a00\uff0c\u4f5b\u6559\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u4fee\u884c\u662f\u5165\u4e16\u548c\u51fa\u4e16\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8f68\u9053\u3002
\n\u5728\u516b\u5723\u9053\u7684\u4fee\u884c\u4e2d\uff0c\u8981\u8fbe\u5230\u5bf9\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\u7684\u5982\u5b9e\u4e86\u77e5\uff0c\u201c\u6b63\u5b9a\u201d\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\uff1b\u56e0\u800c\uff0c\u201c\u5b9a\u5b66\u201d\u4e43\u662f\u4f5b\u9640\u6559\u5bfc\u4e4b\u6839\u672c\u3001\u7eed\u4f5b\u6167\u547d\u4e4b\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5fc3\u5b9a\u8d8a\u6df1\u667a\u6167\u8d8a\u5e7f\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u8981\u4e8e\u4f5b\u6cd5\u4e2d\u6709\u771f\u5b9e\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u8981\u7cbe\u8fdb\u4fee\u4e60\u4ee5\u81f3\u6b63\u5b9a\uff0c\u820d\u65ad\u8986\u76d6\u5fc3\u6027\u7684\u201c\u4e94\u76d6\u201d\u5219\u662f\u6210\u5c31\u56db\u7985\u5b9a\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u65ad\u9664\u201c\u4e94\u76d6\u201d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bc1\u5165\u521d\u7985\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u8981\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7c97\u70e6\u607c\u53bb\u9664\uff0c\u4f9d\u636e\u6559\u6cd5\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u523b\u5173\u7167\u5185\u5fc3\uff0c\u5b88\u62a4\u516d\u6839\uff0c\u7ef4\u6301\u6b63\u5ff5\u6b63\u77e5\uff0c\u5e76\u5b89\u6392\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4e8e\u9759\u5904\u5b89\u5750\u7985\u4fee\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u662f\u73b0\u4e16\u65ad\u70e6\u607c\u5f97\u589e\u4e0a\u7684\u6700\u5173\u952e\u4e4b\u56e0\u7f18\u3002\u7531\u95ed\u5173\u7985\u4fee\u800c\u73b0\u8d77\u6b63\u5ff5\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u65ad\u9664\u4e94\u76d6\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u8bc1\u5165\u7985\u5b9a\u800c\u751f\u8d77\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u8f6c\u51e1\u6210\u5723\u3002
\n\u867d\u7136\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u7531\u4e8e\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u7d2f\u79ef\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0d\u540c\u800c\u6709\u6839\u673a\u4e0e\u89c9\u609f\u4e4b\u56e0\u7f18\u7684\u5dee\u522b\uff0c\u4f46\u201c\u8f6c\u51e1\u6210\u5723\u201d\u5e76\u975e\u9065\u4e0d\u53ef\u53ca\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\u901a\u8fc7\u73b0\u4e16\u65ad\u70e6\u607c\u7684\u516b\u5723\u9053<\/p>\n

(157) \u201c\u5ea6\u4e16\u95f4\u6545\u662f\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\uff0c\u7531\u4e16\u95f4\u5ea6\u6545\u662f\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\uff0c\u7531\u4e16\u95f4\u800c\u5ea6\u6545\u662f\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\uff0c\u7531\u5ea6\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u6545\u662f\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\uff0c\u2026\u2026\u80dc\u8d85\u4e16\u95f4\u800c\u4f4f\u6545\u662f\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5ePs.II.p.166-167.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c44\uff0c\u987576-78\u3002\u300a\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u8bba\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

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[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_toggle title=”\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0” el_id=”1499159809744-9d3062aa-1ee8″]<\/p>\n

\u5165\u4e16\u95f4\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u5173\u6000<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01.\u8eab\u4f53\u672c\u8eab\u4e4b\u82e6
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 2.\u751f\u547d\u6574\u4f53\u4e4b\u82e6<\/strong>
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(2)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.II.p.44.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\uff0c\u518c20\uff0c\u987579\u3002\u53e6\u89c1\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u2018\u6b64\u5b9a\u4e3a\u73b0\u5728\u4e50\uff0c\u53c8\u4e3a\u5f53\u6765\u4e50\u4e4b\u5f02\u719f\u2019\uff0c\u5f7c\u667a\u4fbf\u751f\u4e8e\u5185\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.III.p.24.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c21\uff0c\u987528\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0\u82e6\u5723\u8c1b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u8eab\u3001\u5fc3\u4e0d\u8212\u670d\uff1a\u751f\u3001\u8001\u3001\u75c5\u3001\u6b7b\u3001 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u751f\u547d\u6709\u82e6\u3002\u751f\u547d\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u8981\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6101\u60b2\u3001\u5fe7\u3001\u607c\u3001\u6028\u618e\u4f1a\u3001\u7231\u522b\u79bb\u3001 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4eb2\u81ea\u9762\u5bf9\u3001\u89e3\u51b3\u548c\u706d\u5c3d\u751f\u547d\u4e4b\u82e6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6c42\u4e0d\u5f97\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u96c6\u5723\u8c1b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u4f17\u82e6\u4e4b\u56e0\u5373\u662f\u201c\u7231\u6b32\u201d\uff08ta\u1e47h\u0101\uff09 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u8bf8\u82e6\u7684\u6839\u6e90\u662f\u7231\u6b32\u70e6\u607c\uff0c\u751f\u547d\u6700\u7ec8\u8981\u706d\u5c3d\u70e6\u607c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u706d\u5723\u8c1b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u82e6\u4e4b\u5bc2\u706d\uff0c\u89e3\u8131\u800c\u65e0\u6267\u8457\u3002 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u4fee\u884c\u516b\u5723\u9053\uff0c\u751f\u547d\u8bf8\u82e6\u7ec8\u7a76\u706d\u5c3d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9053\u5723\u8c1b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u706d\u82e6\u4e4b\u5723\u9053\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u201c\u516b\u5723\u9053\u201d \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u516b\u5723\u9053\u662f\u8131\u79bb\u8001\u3001\u75c5\u3001\u6b7b\u7b49\u8bf8\u82e6\u7684\u666e\u904d\u9002\u7528\u7684\u4fee\u884c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4f5b\u9640\u6559\u5bfc\u751f\u547d\u6709\u82e6\uff0c\u4eba\u4eba\u5e94\u77e5\u82e6\uff0c\u5e94\u77e5\u82e6\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff1b\u4eba\u751f\u4e4b\u76ee\u7684\u6b63\u662f\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u79cd\u79cd\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u4ece\u6839\u6e90\u4e0a\u65ad\u9664\u8bf8\u82e6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u5e94\u4fee\u884c\u516b\u5723\u9053\u3002\u5357\u6000\u747e\u5148\u751f\u66fe\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4f5b\u6700\u5927\u7684\u667a\u6167\u4fbf\u5728\u4e8e\u6562\u4e8e\u9762\u5bf9\u4eba\u751f\u73b0\u5b9e\u3001\u6b63\u89c6\u4eba\u751f\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6d88\u6781\u5730\u770b\u5f85\u4eba\u751f\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6307\u51fa\u4eba\u7c7b\u81ea\u8eab\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u82e6\u4e2d\u5f97\u4ee5\u89e3\u8131\uff0c\u8fd0\u7528\u667a\u6167\u6765\u8fbe\u5230\u4eba\u751f\u7684\u5706\u6ee1\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u4f5b\u6559\u6559\u5bfc\u7684\u751f\u547d\u76ee\u6807\u6709\u4e09\uff0c\u800c\u751f\u547d\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u4eb2\u81ea\u89e3\u51b3\u548c\u706d\u5c3d\u751f\u547d\u4e4b\u82e6\uff0c\u8bc1\u609f\u6d85\u69c3\u3002\u7b14\u8005\u6574\u7406\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

(3) \u201c\u8bf8\u6cd5\u56e0\u7f18\u751f\uff0c\u5982\u6765\u8bf4\u5176\u56e0\uff0c\u8bf8\u6cd5\u706d\u4ea6\u7136\uff0c\u662f\u5927\u6c99\u95e8\u8bf4\u201d\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c3\uff0c\u987555\u3002 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u300a\u5f8b\u85cf\u4e09\u300b\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eV.I.p.40.\uff1b\u201c\u8bf8\u6cd5\u4ece\u7f18\u8d77\uff0c\u5982\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u56e0\uff1b\u5f7c\u6cd5\u56e0\u7f18\u5c3d\uff0c\u662f\u5927\u6c99\u95e8\u8bf4\u3002\u201dT23.1444. p.1027c.\u300a\u6839\u672c\u8bf4\u4e00\u5207\u6709\u90e8\u6bd8\u5948\u8036\u51fa\u5bb6\u4e8b\u300b\uff1b\u201c\u8bf8\u6cd5\u56e0\u7f18\u751f\uff0c\u662f\u6cd5\u8bf4\u56e0\u7f18\uff0c\u662f\u6cd5\u56e0\u7f18\u5c3d\uff0c\u5927\u5e08\u5982\u662f\u8bf4\u3002\u201dT25.1509.p.136c.\u300a\u5927\u667a\u5ea6\u8bba\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(4) \u5357\u6000\u747e\uff0e\u5357\u6000\u747e\u5168\u96c6\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u4e09\u6cb3\u5e02\uff1a\u534e\u827a\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2011\uff1a190\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u751f\u547d\u7684\u76ee\u6807 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5185\u5bb9
\n<\/strong>(1)\u73b0\u4e16\u5229\u76ca\u3001\u73b0\u4e16\u5b89\u4e50(5) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4fee\u4e60\u516b\u5723\u9053(6)\uff0c\u5b89\u8eab\u7acb\u547d\uff0c\u6709\u6e29\u6696\u7684\u5bb6
\n(di\u1e6d\u1e6dhadhammahit\u0101ya di\u1e6d\u1e6dhadammasukh\u0101ya) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u5ead\uff0c\u884c\u5584\u3001\u5e73\u5b89\u5ea6\u8fc7\u4e00\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n

(2) \u6765\u751f\u5229\u76ca\u3001\u6765\u4e16\u5b89\u4e50(7) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u4fee\u4e60\u516b\u5723\u9053\uff0c\u79ef\u6781\u884c\u5584\u3001\u79ef\u7d2f\u529f\u5fb3(8)<\/p>\n

(sampar\u0101yahit\u0101ya \u00a0sampar\u0101yasukh\u0101ya) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u8d44\u7cae\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6765\u751f\u6765\u4e16\u5e78\u798f\u751f\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n

(3) \u65ad\u5c3d\u70e6\u607c\u3001\u89e3\u8131\u6d85\u69c3 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u6301\u7eed\u7cbe\u8fdb\u4fee\u4e60\u516b\u5723\u9053\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0d\u653e\u9038\u52e4\u4fee\u6ce2\u7f57<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u871c\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u4e86\u8131\u751f\u6b7b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u4f5b\u6559\u5f15\u5bfc\u4f17\u751f\u5efa\u7acb\u751f\u547d\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5e76\u6307\u660e\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u5c42\u6b21\u56e0\u4eba\u7684\u6839\u6027\u800c\u5f02\u81ea\u7531\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u4f46\u4f5b\u9640\u6559\u5316\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4e3a\u4f17\u751f\u7684\u89e3\u8131\u6d85\u69c3\u3002\u300a\u4e2d\u90e8\u2022\u8428\u906e\u8fe6\u5c0f\u7ecf\u300b\u4f5b\u9640\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5f7c\u822c\u6d85\u69c3\u7684\u4e16\u5c0a\uff0c\u4e3a\u5f1f\u5b50\u4f17\u7684\u822c\u6d85\u69c3\u800c\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff01\u201d\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u751f\u547d\u8d1f\u8d23\uff0c\u627f\u62c5\u8d77\u4fee\u884c\u6ce2\u7f57\u871c\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u3002<\/p>\n

(5)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.IV.p.281-284.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.IV.p.285-288.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(6) \u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6b32\u5229\u76ca\u3001\u6b32\u9976\u76ca\u3001\u6b32\u5b89\u7a33\u4e4b\u4eba\u8005\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u5982\u6765\u3001\u963f\u7f57\u6c49\u3001\u7b49\u6b63\u89c9\u8005\u3002\u5e73\u7a33\u5b89\u5168\u800c\u597d\u884c\u4e4b\u9053\u8005\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u516b\u652f\u5723\u9053\u3002\u5373\uff1a\u6b63\u89c1\u3001\u6b63\u601d\u60df\u3001\u6b63\u8bed\u3001\u6b63\u4e1a\u3001\u6b63\u547d\u3001\u6b63\u7cbe\u8fdb\u3001\u6b63\u5ff5\u3001\u6b63\u5b9a\u4e5f\u3002\u201d \ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.I.p.114.\uff1b\ufe5dMBU.\ufe5e\u518c18\uff0cp.222.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c9\uff0c\u9875160\u3002\u300a\u53cc\u60f3\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(7) \u6709\u56db\u6cd5\uff0c\u8d44\u4e8e\u5584\u7537\u5b50\u4e4b\u540e\u4e16\u5229\u76ca\u3001\u540e\u4e16\u5b89\u4e50\uff1a(1) \u4fe1\u5177\u8db3\u3002(2) \u6212\u5177\u8db3\u3002(3) \u5e03\u65bd\u5177\u8db3\u3002(4) \u667a\u6167\u5177\u8db3\u3002\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.IV.p.284-289.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(8)\uff08pu\u00f1\u00f1a\uff09\u798f\u5fb7\u3001\u5584\u3001\u798f\u3002\u300a\u5c0f\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u300b\u63d0\u5230\u201c\u798f\u201d\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u52ff\u754f\u4e8e\u798f\uff0c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6b64\u4e3a\u5feb\u4e50\u3001\u4ee4\u6ee1\u613f\u7684\u3001\u4ee4\u6109\u5feb\u3001\u6109\u60a6\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u610f\u4e4b\u540c\u4e49\u8bed\uff0c\u6b64\u5373\u662f\u798f\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6211\u786e\u5b9e\u81ea\u8bc1\u957f\u4e45\u5730\u884c\u9020\u798f\u65f6\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5386\u4eab\u53d7\u957f\u4e45\u5730\u6ee1\u613f\u3001\u6109\u5feb\u7684\u3001\u6109\u60a6\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u610f\u7684\u679c\u62a5\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eIt.p.15.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c26\uff0c\u9875192\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(9) \u201cParinibbuto so Bhagav\u0101 parinibb\u0101n\u0101ya dhamma\u1e43 deset\u012bti.\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.I.p.235. (c\u016b\u1e37asaccaka sutta)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u7b2c\u4e00\u8282 \u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u6b63\u9053\u751f\u6d3b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u706b\u8f66\u7684\u9053\u8def\u662f\u94c1\u8f68\uff0c\u94c1\u8f68\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86\u706b\u8f66\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u4e14\u80fd\u591f\u4fdd\u8bc1\u706b\u8f66\u5b89\u5168\u9a76\u5411\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u3002\u706b\u8f66\u6709\u5b83\u7684\u8f68\u9053\uff0c\u4eba\u4e5f\u5e94\u6709\u751f\u547d\u7684\u6b63\u8f68\uff0c\u8ba9\u751f\u547d\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u8fbe\u5230\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u3002\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d\u9610\u660e\u4e86\u4eba\u751f\u6b63\u9053\uff0c\u5728\u300a\u76f8\u5e94\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u300b\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u4e91\u4f55\u4e3a\u6b63\u9053\u8036\uff1f\u8c13\uff1a\u6b63\u89c1\u3001\u6b63\u601d\u60df\u3001\u6b63\u8bed\u3001\u6b63\u4e1a\u3001\u6b63\u547d\u3001\u6b63\u7cbe\u8fdb\u3001\u6b63\u5ff5\u3001\u6b63\u5b9a\u662f\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6b64\u540d\u4e4b\u4e3a\u6b63\u9053\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6211\u8d5e\u53f9\u5728\u5bb6\u51fa\u5bb6\u4e4b\u6b63\u9053\u3002\u201d\u7ecf\u6587\u6307\u51fa\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u8ffd\u6c42\u4eba\u751f\u771f\u8c1b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u9075\u5faa\u5efa\u7acb\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u89c2\u4e0e\u601d\u60df\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u5fb7\u884c\u4e0e\u7cbe\u795e\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u9053\u8def\u800c\u4eb2\u81ea\u4f53\u8bc1\u4eba\u751f\u7684\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u751f\u547d\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u800c\u5728\u5bb6\u4eba\u3001\u51fa\u5bb6\u4eba\u7686\u8981\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u89e3\u8131\u8d1f\u8d23\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e00\u3001\u6b63\u89c1\uff08samm\u0101-di\u1e6d\u1e6dhi\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4eba\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u6587\u5316\u3001\u751f\u547d\u89c2\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u7b49\uff0c\u5f53\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u5207\u7686\u4ee5\u62bd\u8c61\u6761\u4ef6\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u6b64\u6761\u4ef6\u5e76\u975e\u7269\u8d28\uff0c\u4f5b\u6559\u79f0\u5176\u4e3a\u201c\u89c1\u89e3\u201d\uff08di\u1e6d\u1e6dhi\u77e5\u89c1\uff09\u3002\u6b64\u77e5\u89c1\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u601d\u60df\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u770b\u5f85\u4e16\u754c\u548c\u4eba\u751f\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6709\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u5916\u754c\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u51c6\u5219\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5f53\u6089\u8fbe\u591a\u592a\u5b50\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\u6a21\u5f0f\u8f6c\u53d8\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ed6\u751f\u547d\u53d1\u751f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e24\u6b21\u8f6c\u6298\uff1a\u4e00\u8005\u3001\u5f53\u770b\u51fa\u6781\u7aef\u4eab\u53d7\u5e76\u975e\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5feb\u4e50\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5728\u8001\u3001\u75c5\u3001\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af\u91cc\u4e0d\u80fd\u89e3\u8131\uff0c\u5c31\u51b3\u5fc3\u51fa\u5bb6\uff0c\u5bfb\u627e\u89e3\u8131\u7684\u9053\u8def\uff1b\u4e8c\u8005\u3001\u5f53\u770b\u51fa\u6781\u7aef\u82e6\u884c\u975e\u771f\u6b63\u89e3\u8131\u4e4b\u9053\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u820d\u5f03\u6b64\u6781\u7aef\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u8f6c\u4fee\u884c\u4e2d\u9053\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u89c9\u609f\u6210\u4f5b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u201c\u6b63\u89c1\u201d\u6307\u7684\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\u4e16\u95f4\u4e0e\u751f\u547d\u7684\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u80fd\u5206\u522b\u5584\u6cd5\u4e0e\u6076\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u505a\u4e0e\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u505a\u7b49\uff0c\u80fd\u5982\u5b9e\u4e86\u77e5\u4e16\u95f4\u4e0e\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u3002\u5173\u4e4e\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u5404\u9879\u8d44\u6e90\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u529b\u8d44\u6e90\u662f\u6700\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u597d\u6216\u4e0d\u597d\uff0c\u662f\u4ece\u5fc3\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u3002\u800c\u5fc3\u662f\u4e00\u5207\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u5fc3\u6027\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u80fd\u4f7f\u8eab\u4f53\u53d1\u6325\u65e0\u9650\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u8981\u6539\u9769\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u8981\u5148\u57f9\u517b\u201c\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\u201d\u3002\u751f\u547d\u6539\u5584\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00<\/p>\n

(10)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.19.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c17\uff0c\u9875144\u3002\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.18.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(11) \u201c\u4e8e\u5f7c\u82e6\u4e4b\u667a\u3001\u4e8e\u82e6\u96c6\u4e4b\u667a\u3001\u4e8e\u82e6\u706d\u4e4b\u667a\uff0c\u4e8e\u82e6\u706d\u9053\u4e4b\u667a\u3002\u53cb\u7b49\uff01\u6b64\u8a00\u6b63\u89c1\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.III.p.251.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c12\uff0c\u9875262\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6b65\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u770b\u5f85\u4eba\u751f\u3002\u5177\u6709\u6b63\u89c1\u8005\u4f1a\u5bf9\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5584\u6cd5\u52a0\u4ee5\u5145\u5206\u5730\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4e3a\u5927\u4f17\u5e26\u6765\u5229\u76ca\u4e0e\u5b89\u4e50\uff0c\u5f80\u751f\u5584\u8da3\u3002\u6b63\u89c1\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u79cd\uff1a\u201c\u4e16\u95f4\u6b63\u89c1\u201d\u548c\u201c\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u6b63\u89c1\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ecf\u5178\u4e2d\u4f5b\u9640\u5ba3\u8bf4\u7684\u201c\u4e16\u95f4\u6b63\u89c1\u201d\u6709\u5341\u9879\uff1a\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u5e03\u65bd\u6709\u679c\u62a5\uff1b\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u6148\u5fc3\u6551\u6d4e\u6709\u679c\u62a5\uff1b\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u5c06\u4f9b\u5949\u54c1\u656c\u5949\u5e94\u4f9b\u517b\u8005\u6709\u679c\u62a5\uff1b\uff08\u56db\uff09\u9020\u5584\u3001\u6076\u4e1a\u6709\u679c\u62a5\uff1b\uff08\u4e94\uff09\u6709\u6b64\u4e16\uff1b\uff08\u516d)\u6709\u672a\u6765\u4e16\uff1b\uff08\u4e03\uff09\u6bcd\u4eb2\u6709\u6069\u5fb7\uff1b\uff08\u516b\uff09\u7236\u4eb2\u6709\u6069\u5fb7\uff1b\uff08\u4e5d\uff09\u6709\u5316\u751f\u4f17\u751f\uff1b\uff08\u5341\uff09\u6709\u81ea\u89c9\u609f\u3001\u6b63\u547d\u6b63\u884c\u7684\u6c99\u95e8\u5a46\u7f57\u95e8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u5e03\u65bd\u6709\u679c\u62a5<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5e03\u65bd\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u9632\u8303\u548c\u6d88\u9664\u8d2a\u5a6a\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u5728\u751f\u6d3b\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u4e92\u76f8\u4f9d\u9760\u3001\u4e92\u76f8\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u80fd\u591f\u72ec\u81ea\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u82e5\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u6210\u5458\u90fd\u80fd\u591f\u4e92\u76f8\u5173\u6000\uff0c\u5206\u4eab\u4e0e\u6276\u52a9\u7b49\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u5c06\u6d0b\u6ea2\u7740\u53cb\u8c0a\u4e0e\u6b22\u4e50\u3002\u4f5b\u9640\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6b64\u7b49\u662f\u5e03\u65bd\u4e4b\u4e94\u80dc\u5229\uff0c\u4f55\u7b49\u4e3a\u4e94\uff1f\u591a\u4e3a\u4eba\u6240\u7231\u4e0e\u4e3a\u4eba\u6240\u8d5e\u626c\uff1b\u4e3a\u5584\u4e4b\u5584\u58eb\u6240\u4eb2\u7231\uff1b\u5584\u4e4b\u79f0\u8d5e\u58f0\u589e\u52a0\uff1b\u65bd\u8005\u4e0d\u79bb\u4fd7\u5bb6\u4e4b\u6cd5\uff1b\u8eab\u574f\u6b7b\u540e\u751f\u4e8e\u5584\u8da3\u3001\u5929\u754c\u3002\u201d\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u6559\u80b2\u4e16\u4eba\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u89c2\u5ff5\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u61c2\u5f97\u5206\u4eab\uff0c\u76f8\u4e92\u5173<\/p>\n

(12) \u201c\u4e8e\u5f7c\u82e6\u4e4b\u667a\u3001\u4e8e\u82e6\u96c6\u4e4b\u667a\u3001\u4e8e\u82e6\u706d\u4e4b\u667a\uff0c\u4e8e\u82e6\u706d\u9053\u4e4b\u667a\u3002\u53cb\u7b49\uff01\u6b64\u8a00\u6b63\u89c1\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.III.p.251.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c12\uff0c\u9875262\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(13) \u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6709\u4e00\u4eba\u751f\u4e8e\u4e16\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f17\u4eba\u4e4b\u76ca\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f17\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e50\u3001\u4e3a\u4f17\u4eba\u4e4b\u5229\u3001\u4e3a\u5929\u3001\u4eba\u4e4b\u76ca\u3001\u4e3a\u4e50\u800c\u751f\u3002\u5176\u4e00\u4eba\u4e3a\u8c01?\u5177\u6b63\u89c1\u800c\u89c1\u4e0d\u98a0\u5012\u8005\uff0c\u5f7c\u80fd\u4f7f\u4f17\u4eba\u79bb\u975e\u6cd5\u800c\u4f4f\u4e8e\u6b63\u6cd5\u3002\u2026\u2026\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6211\u4e0d\u89c1\u53e6\u6709\u4e00\u5927\u7f6a\u4e4b\u6cd5\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6b64\u5373\u90aa\u89c1\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u8bf8\u7f6a\u4ee5\u90aa\u89c1\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.I.p.33.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c19\uff0c\u987543\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(14) \u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6211\u4e0d\u89c1\u53e6\u6709\u4e00\u6cd5\uff0c\u80fd\u5982\u662f\u4ee4\u6709\u60c5\uff0c\u8eab\u574f\u3001\u6b7b\u540e\uff0c\u751f\u4e8e\u5584\u8da3\u3001\u5929\u754c\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18!\u662f\u5373\u4e3a\u6b63\u89c1\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6210\u5c31\u6b63\u89c1\u4e4b\u6709\u60c5\uff0c\u8eab\u574f\u3001\u6b7b\u540e\uff0c\u751f\u4e8e\u5584\u8da3\u3001\u5929\u754c\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.I.p.32.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c19\uff0c\u987541\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(15) \u662f\u6307\u5386\u4ee3\u7956\u5148\u3001\u7236\u6bcd\u4eb2\u3001\u5e08\u957f\u3001\u5177\u6709\u9053\u5fb7\u8005\u3001\u5177\u8db3\u4fee\u884c\u3001\u5f18\u6cd5\u5229\u751f\u7684\u6c99\u95e8\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(16) \u662f\u6307\u997f\u9b3c\u3001\u963f\u4fee\u7f57\u3001\u5730\u72f1\u4f17\u751f\u3001\u5929\u4eba\u7b49\u3002\u5316\u751f\u4f17\u751f\u4e4b\u539f\u56e0\u4fbf\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u4e1a\u62a5\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(17)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.III.p.72.( Mah\u0101catt\u0101r\u012bsaka Sutta)\uff1b\ufe5dMBU.\ufe5e \u518c22\uff0cp.342.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(18)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.III.p.41.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c21\uff0c\u987547\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5e08\u5b50\uff01\u80fd\u65bd\u4e4b\u65bd\u4e3b\uff1a\u591a\u4e3a\u4eba\u6240\u7231\uff0c\u4e3a\u4eba\u6240\u8d5e\u626c\uff1b\u4e3a\u5584\u4e4b\u5584\u58eb\u6240\u4eb2\u7231\uff1b\u8d5e\u5584\u4e4b\u79f0\u8a89\u58f0\u589e\u52a0\uff1b\u65e0\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\u8da3\u5411\u4e8e\u4f17\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5239\u5e1d\u5229\u4f17\u3001\u5a46\u7f57\u95e8\u4f17\u3001\u5c45\u58eb\u4f17\u3001\u6c99\u95e8\u4f17\uff0c\u7686\u4ee5\u65e0\u754f\u800c\u8da3\u5411\uff0c\u65e0\u6709\u6240\u8d67\u8005\uff1b\u8eab\u574f\u6b7b\u540e\uff0c\u751f\u4e8e\u5584\u8da3\u3001\u5929\u754c\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.III.p.39.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c21\uff0c\u987544-45\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6000\u6276\u52a9\uff0c\u4e92\u8865\u4e92\u60e0\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4fc3\u4f7f\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u8c10\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u5e03\u65bd\u7684\u6548\u679c\u662f\u80fd\u57f9\u517b\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u6148\u5fc3\uff0c\u9632\u8303\u4e0e\u6d88\u9664\u5fc3\u4e2d\u7684\u541d\u556c\u548c\u81ea\u79c1\u3002\u8b6c\u5982\u5728\u5357\u4f20\u4f5b\u6559\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u6bcf\u5929\u6e05\u6668\u4eba\u4eec\u4f9b\u517b\u6258\u94b5\u5316\u7f18\u7684\u50e7\u4eba\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57f9\u517b\u5e03\u65bd\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u5b9e\u8df5\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d8\u6210\u4e60\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u7d2f\u79ef\u5e03\u65bd\u6ce2\u7f57\u871c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u6148\u5fc3\u5730\u6551\u6d4e\u6709\u679c\u62a5<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6148\u5fc3\u5730\u6551\u6d4e\u5219\u662f\u5e2e\u52a9\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u7684\u5f31\u52bf\u4e0e\u53d7\u96be\u7fa4\u4f53\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6ca1\u6709\u529e\u6cd5\u81ea\u7acb\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5584\u5fc3\u4eba\u58eb\u6765\u6276\u6301\u3002\u6551\u52a9\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u57f9\u517b\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u63a5\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5177\u5907\u89e3\u51b3\u81ea\u5df1\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5173\u7167\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u6c11\u4f17\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u63f4\u52a9\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u62a5\u7b54\u7956\u56fd\u6069\u5fb7\u7684\u5584\u884c\u3002\u6551\u6d4e\u5305\u62ec\u7269\u8d28\u6551\u6d4e\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u6551\u6d4e\u3002\u4f5b\u9640\u66fe\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6b64\u7b49\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u8d44\u52a9\uff0c\u4e3a\u8d22\u7269\u8d44\u52a9(\u0101misa anuggaha)\u53ca\u4f5b\u6cd5\u8d44\u52a9(dhamma anuggaha)\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6b64\u7b49\u4e8c\u8d44\u52a9\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6cd5\u8d44\u52a9\u4e3a\u6700\u80dc\u3002\u201d\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9879\u201c\u4e16\u95f4\u6b63\u89c1\u201d\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5c31\u8ba9\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u6148\u5584\u4e8b\u4e1a\u4e2d\u57f9\u517b\u5927\u60b2\u5fc3\uff0c\u61c2\u5f97\u5173\u6000\u3001\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e00\u5207\u4f17\u751f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u7d2f\u79ef\u6148\u6ce2\u7f57\u871c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (\u4e09)\u5c06\u4f9b\u5949\u54c1\u656c\u5949\u5e94\u4f9b\u517b\u8005\u6709\u679c\u62a5<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u9002\u5b9c\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u5bf9\u5f85\u6216\u4ee5\u7269\u54c1\u4f9b\u517b\u503c\u5f97\u5c0a\u656c\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e0e\u81ea\u5df1\u6709\u6069\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7236\u6bcd\u3001\u5e08\u957f\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u6977\u6a21\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u51fa\u5bb6\u50e7\u4f17\u7b49\u3002\u6b64\u9879\u201c\u4e16\u95f4\u6b63\u89c1\u201d\u65e8\u5728\u57f9\u517b\u559c\u5fc3\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u60c5\u64cd\uff08\u611f\u6069\u3001\u5b5d\u987a\u3001\u5c0a\u656c\uff09\uff0c\u6fc0\u52b1\u884c\u5584\u8005\u7684\u58eb\u6c14\uff0c\u6253\u9020\u826f\u5584\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n

(19)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eIt.p.102.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c26\uff0c\u9875275\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(20) (huta\uff0c\u4f9b\u5949\u3001\u4f9b\u517b\u3001\u732e\u4f9b)\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u5bfb\u627e\u4ed6\u4eba\u5177\u6709\u9053\u5fb7\u54c1\u8d28\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\uff0c\u800c\u5c06\u90a3\u9053\u5fb7\u54c1\u8d28\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u6765\u81ea\u6211\u6539\u5584\u3001\u53d1\u5c55\u4e4b\u610f\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (\u56db)\u9020\u4f5c\u5584\u6076\u4e1a\u6709\u679c\u62a5<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e1a\uff08kamma\uff09\u6307\u4e00\u5207\u8eab\u3001\u53e3\u3001\u610f\u6240\u9020\u4f5c\u7684\u6709\u610f\u5ff5\u7684\u8eab\u5fc3\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u4e1a\u662f\u9053\u5fb7\u56e0\u679c\u89c4\u5f8b\u3002\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d\u4e1a\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u7c7b\uff1a\u5584\u4e1a\u3001\u6076\u4e1a\u3001\u4e0d\u5584\u4e0d\u6076\u4e1a\u3002\u5584\u4e1a\u53c8\u53ef\u4ee5\u518d\u7ec6\u5206\u4e3a\uff1a\u5584\u8eab\u4e1a\u3001\u5584\u53e3\u4e1a\u3001\u5584\u610f\u4e1a\u7b49\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u4e24\u79cd\u4e1a\u4e5f\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\u3002
\n\u636e\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u8a00\u884c\u7684\u524d\u56e0\u4e0e\u540e\u679c\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u5584\u4e1a\u3002\u4ee5\u524d\u56e0\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u82e5\u8a00\u884c\u4e0e\u8d2a\u3001\u778b\u3001\u75f4\u76f8\u5e94\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u6076\u4e1a\uff1b\u4e0d\u4e0e\u8d2a\u3001\u778b\u3001\u75f4\u76f8\u5e94\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u5584\u4e1a\u3002\u800c\u9020\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u4e1a\uff0c\u5c06\u6765\u5fc5\u5b9a\u8981\u627f\u53d7\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u679c\u62a5\u3002\u5584\u62a5\u548c\u6076\u62a5\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f \u201c\u56e0\u679c\u4e4b\u5f8b\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4f17\u751f\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u6cd5\u5219\u3002\u5df4\u5229\u6587\u4e09\u85cf\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff1a\u201c\u73b0\u4e16\u4e8e\u6b64\u60b2\uff0c\u6b7b\u540e\u4ed6\u4e16\u60b2\uff0c\u9020\u8bf8\u6076\u4e1a\u8005\uff0c\u4e24\u4e16\u7686\u5fe7\u60b2\uff0c\u89c1\u81ea\u79fd\u4e1a\u5df2\uff0c\u5f7c\u60b2\u5f7c\u82e6\u607c\u3002\u73b0\u4e16\u4e8e\u6b64\u559c\uff0c\u6b7b\u540e\u4ed6\u4e16\u6b22\uff0c\u9020\u8bf8\u5584\u4e1a\u8005\uff0c\u4e24\u4e16\u7686\u6b22\u559c\uff0c\u89c1\u81ea\u51c0\u4e1a\u5df2\uff0c\u5f7c\u4e50\u5f7c\u6b22\u559c\u3002\u201d
\n\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u54ea\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u9020\u4f5c\u5584\u4e1a\u4e0e\u6076\u4e1a\u7686\u6709\u679c\u62a5\uff0c\u5584\u6709\u5584\u62a5\uff0c\u6076\u6709\u6076\u62a5\u3002\u6838\u5fc3\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u80fd\u6709\u60ed\u6127\u5fc3\uff0c\u8a00\u884c\u4e0d\u9020\u6076\u4e1a\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u770b\u89c1\uff0c\u4e5f\u81ea\u52a8\u5c3d\u529b\u4ee5\u884c\u5584\u4e3a\u4f7f\u547d\u3002\u7b14\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u575a\u4fe1\u4f5b\u9640\u6240\u89c9\u609f\u7684\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u8ba9\u4eba\u6b62\u6076\u884c\u5584\u7684\u52a8\u529b\uff0c\u53ca\u8ba9\u4eba\u4eec\u5fc3\u91cc\u6709\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6807\u51c6\u539f\u5219\u3002\u61c2\u5f97\u56e0\u679c\u4e1a\u62a5\u8005\uff0c\u5f53\u751f\u547d\u9047\u89c1\u516b\u98ce\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u60f3\u5f97\u5f00\uff0c\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e14\u7ef4\u6301\u5185\u5fc3\u5b81\u9759\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5206\u5730\u75db\u82e6\uff0c\u5373\u57f9\u517b\u201c\u820d\u5fc3\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

(21) Phra Dhammapidok\uff0eBuddhist Dictionary\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eBangkok\uff1a mah\u0101cul\u0101longkronr\u0101jjhavittayalai\uff0c1995\uff1a4.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(22) \u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u51e1\u662f\u8d2a\u4e4b\u6240\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ece\u8d2a\u6240\u751f\uff0c\u4ee5\u8d2a\u4e3a\u7f18\uff0c\u8d2a\u6240\u96c6\u4e4b\u4e1a\u662f\u4e0d\u5584\uff0c\u6b64\u4e1a\u662f\u6709\u7f6a\uff0c\u6b64\u4e1a\u6709\u82e6\u4e4b\u5f02\u719f\uff0c\u6b64\u4e1a\u80fd\u96c6\u4e1a\uff0c\u6b64\u4e1a\u4e0d\u80fd\u706d\u4e1a\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u51e1\u662f\u778b\u4e4b\u6240\u4f5c\u2026\u2026\u4e43\u81f3\u2026\u2026\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u51e1\u662f\u75f4\u4e4b\u6240\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ece\u75f4\u800c\u751f\uff0c\u4ee5\u75f4\u4e3a\u7f18\uff0c\u75f4\u6240\u96c6\u4e4b\u4e1a\u662f\u4e0d\u5584\uff0c\u6b64\u4e1a\u662f\u6709\u7f6a\uff0c\u6b64\u4e1a\u6709\u82e6\u4e4b\u5f02\u719f\uff0c\u6b64\u4e1a\u80fd\u96c6\u4e1a\uff0c\u6b64\u4e1a\u4e0d\u80fd\u706d\u4e1a\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.I.p. 263.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c19\uff0c\u9875375-376\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(23) \u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u51e1\u662f\u65e0\u8d2a\u4e4b\u6240\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ece\u65e0\u8d2a\u800c\u751f\uff0c\u4ee5\u65e0\u8d2a\u4e3a\u7f18\uff0c\u65e0\u8d2a\u6240\u96c6\u4e4b\u4e1a\u662f\u5584\uff0c\u6b64\u4e1a\u662f\u65e0\u7f6a\uff0c\u6b64\u4e1a\u6709\u4e50\u4e4b\u5f02\u719f\uff0c\u6b64\u4e1a\u80fd\u706d\u4e1a\uff0c\u6b64\u4e1a\u4e0d\u80fd\u96c6\u4e1a\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u51e1\u662f\u65e0\u778b\u4e4b\u6240\u4f5c\u2026\u2026\u4e43\u81f3\u2026\u2026\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u51e1\u65e0\u75f4\u6240\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ece\u65e0\u75f4\u800c\u751f\uff0c\u4ee5\u65e0\u75f4\u4e3a\u7f18\uff0c\u65e0\u75f4\u6240\u96c6\u4e4b\u4e1a\u662f\u5584\uff0c\u6b64\u4e1a\u662f\u65e0\u7f6a\uff0c\u6b64\u4e1a\u6709\u4e50\u4e4b\u5f02\u719f\u3001\u6b64\u4e1a\u80fd\u706d\u4e1a\uff0c\u6b64\u4e1a\u4e0d\u80fd\u96c6\u4e1a\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.I.p.263.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c19\uff0c\u9875376\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(24)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eDh.p.4-5.\u300a\u6cd5\u53e5\u7ecf\u300b\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c26\uff0c\u987514-15\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(25) \u4ea6\u540d\u516b\u6cd5\uff08\u4e16\u95f4\u6240\u7231\u3001\u6240\u618e\uff0c\u800c\u80fd\u6247\u52a8\u4eba\u5fc3\uff0c\u540d\u4e4b\u4e3a\u98ce)\uff1a\u79f0\u3001\u8ba5\u3001\u6bc1\u3001\u8a89\u3001\u5229\u3001\u54c0\u3001\u82e6\u3001\u4e50\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u56e0\u679c\u4e1a\u62a5\u201d\uff0c\u4e2d\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u66fe\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4e88\u672a\u6210\u6b63\u89c9\u4e8e\u83e9\u8428\u65f6\uff0c\u2026\u2026\u5982\u662f\u4e88\u5fc3\u7b49\u6301\u3001\u6e05\u51c0\u3001\u768e\u6d01\u3001\u65e0\u79fd\u3001\u65e0\u57a2\u3001\u67d4\u8f6f\u3001\u582a\u4efb\u800c\u5f97\u786e\u7acb\u4e0d\u52a8\u3001\u543e\u5f15\u5fc3\u5411\u6709\u60c5\u751f\u6b7b\u667a\u3002\u5f7c\u4e88\u6e05\u51c0\u800c\u4ee5\u8d85\u4eba\u4e4b\u5929\u773c\u89c1\u6709\u60c5\u4e4b\u751f\u6b7b\uff0c\u5982\u5351\u8d31\u3001\u9ad8\u8d35\u3001\u7f8e\u4e3d\u3001\u4e11\u964b\u3001\u5e78\u798f\u3001\u4e0d\u5e78\u798f\u8005\uff0c\u5404\u968f\u5176\u4e1a\uff1a\u2018\u5b9e\u6b64\u7b49\u4e4b\u6709\u60c5\u8eab\u4e3a\u6076\u884c\u3001\u53e3\u4e3a\u6076\u884c\u3001\u610f\u4e3a\u6076\u4e1a\uff0c\u8bfd\u8c24\u5723\u8005\uff0c\u62b1\u7740\u90aa\u89c1\u3001\u6301\u90aa\u89c1\u4e1a\u3002\u5f7c\u7b49\u8eab\u574f\u547d\u7ec8\u751f\u4e8e\u6076\u751f\u3001\u6076\u8da3\u3001\u5815\u5904\u3001\u5730\u72f1\u3002\u53c8\u5b9e\u6b64\u7b49\u6709\u60c5\u4ee5\u8eab\u4e3a\u5584\u884c\u3001\u53e3\u4e3a\u5584\u884c\u3001\u610f\u4e3a\u5584\u884c\u3001\u4e0d\u8bfd\u8c24\u5723\u8005\uff0c\u62b1\u7740\u6b63\u89c1\uff0c\u6301\u6b63\u89c1\u4e1a\u3002\u5f7c\u7b49\u8eab\u574f\u547d\u7ec8\u800c\u751f\u5584\u8da3\u3001\u5929\u754c\u3002\u2019\u5982\u662f\u5f7c\u4e88\u4ee5\u6e05\u51c0\u8d85\u4eba\u4e4b\u5929\u773c\u89c1\u6709\u60c5\u4e4b\u751f\u6b7b\uff0c\u5982\u5351\u8d31\u3001\u9ad8\u8d35\u3001\u7f8e\u4e3d\u3001\u4e11\u964b\u3001\u5e78\u798f\u3001\u4e0d\u5e78\u798f\u8005\uff0c\u5404\u968f\u5176\u4e1a\u4e5f\u3002\u963f\u4e49\u8036\u8428\u90a3\uff01\u4e8e\u662f\u591c\u4e4b\u4e2d\u66f4\uff0c\u4e88\u5230\u8fbe\u7b2c\u4e8c\u667a\u3002\u201d\u7ecf\u4e2d\u5411\u5927\u4f17\u663e\u660e\uff0c\u56e0\u679c\u4e1a\u62a5\u662f\u5b9e\u9645\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6cd5\u5219\uff0c\u4e14\u7531\u4f5b\u9640\u901a\u8fc7\u4eb2\u81ea\u4fee\u884c\u4e2d\u9053\u800c\u89c1\u8bc1\u3001\u89c9\u609f\uff0c\u5e76\u6148\u60b2\u6559\u5bfc\u4e16\u4eba\uff0c\u7edd\u975e\u662f\u4e00\u5957\u54f2\u5b66\u601d\u8fa8\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6216\u7384\u5b66\u3002
\n\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u6709\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u6743\u9009\u62e9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u3001\u8a00\u8bed\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u8981\u9020\u5584\u4e1a\u6216\u6076\u4e1a\u5f52\u6839\u662f\u7531\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u800c\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u4e2a\u4eba\u81ea\u5df1\u627f\u62c5\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u540e\u679c\u3002\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u8fd9\u6837\u63d0\u9192\uff1a\u201c\u5728\u5bb6\u6216\u51fa\u5bb6\u7686\u5e94\u7ecf\u5e38\u89c2\u5bdf\u53cd\u7701\uff0c\u4e1a\u662f\u81ea\u9020\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u6240\u9020\u5584\u6076\u4e4b\u4e1a\u6211\u5e94\u9886\u53d7\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e1a\u4e3a\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e1a\u4e3a\u79cd\u5b50\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e1a\u4e3a\u5f52\u8da3\uff0c\u79cd\u4ec0\u4e48\u56e0\u65e0\u8bba\u5584\u6216\u6076\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u90fd\u4f1a\u6536\u5230\u5584\u6216\u6076\u7684\u679c\u62a5\u3002\u201d\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4f5b\u6559\u6559\u80b2\u4eba\u4eec\u8981\u591a\u505a\u81ea\u6211\u53cd\u7701\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u53d1\u5c55\u3001\u5e76\u4ee5\u81ea\u6211\u4e3a\u4f9d\u9760\uff0c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u4e2a\u4f53\u81ea\u89c9\u4ee5\u201c\u4e0d\u653e\u9038\u201d\u6765\u6539\u5584\u3001\u53d1\u5c55\u3001\u8fdb\u800c\u6210\u5c31\u81ea\u6211\u3002\u82e5\u5f62\u6210\u56e0\u679c\u4e4b\u5f8b\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u5c06\u6709\u76ca\u4e8e\u89c4\u8303\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5bf9\u8d2a\u6c61\u5206\u5b50\u3001\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0d\u6b63\u4e4b\u4eba\u4f1a\u6709\u8b66\u6212\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u6fc0\u52b1\u4eba\u4eec\u6291\u6076\u626c\u5584\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6784\u6210\u4e16\u95f4\u6cd5\u5f8b\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8865\u5145\u3002<\/p>\n

(26)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.I.p.240-249.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c9\uff0c\u9875322-336\u3002\u300a\u8428\u906e\u8fe6\u5927\u7ecf\u300b\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.I.p.117.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(27)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.III.p.73.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(28)\uff08Appam\u0101da\u4e0d\u758f\u5ffd\u3001\u4e0d\u61d2\u60f0\u3001\u4e0d\u6020\u6162\u3001\u8b66\u6212\u3001\u8ba4\u771f\uff09\u5fc3\u6240\u4e4b\u540d\uff0c\u4e00\u5fc3\u4e13\u6ce8\u800c\u4fee\u8bf8\u5584\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\u9632\u8303\u4e8e\u6076\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u5584\u6cd5\u4e4b\u7cbe\u795e\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u300a\u963f\u6bd8\u8fbe\u78e8\u4ff1\u820d\u8bba\u300b\u66f0\uff1a\u201c\u4e0d\u653e\u9038\u8005\uff0c\u4fee\u8bf8\u5584\u6cd5\uff0c\u79bb\u8bf8\u4e0d\u5584\u6cd5\u3002\u201dT29.1558.p.19b. \u300a\u6839\u672c\u8bf4\u4e00\u5207\u6709\u90e8\u6bd8\u5948\u8036\u300b\u66f0\uff1a\u201c\u4e8e\u6b64\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e38\u4e3a\u4e0d\u653e\u9038\uff0c\u80fd\u7aed\u70e6\u607c\u6d77\uff0c\u5f53\u5c3d\u82e6\u8fb9\u9645\u3002\u201dT23.1442.p.811a.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n\u6839\u636e\u56e0\u679c\u4e4b\u5f8b\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u5e94\u4eb2\u8eab\u53bb\u5b9e\u8df5\u5584\u884c\u3001\u5e76\u529d\u5bfc\u6216\u5e26\u9886\u5468\u56f4\u7684\u4eb2\u53cb\u4e00\u8d77\u884c\u5584\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u201c\u6b63\u9053\u201d\u4e0a\u5171\u540c\u8fc8\u8fdb\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4eba\u4eba\u9700\u8981\u4ee5\u751f\u547d\u53bb\u5949\u732e\uff0c\u4ece\u4e00\u800c\u7ec8\u5730\u4e8e\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u53bb\u52aa\u529b\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\uff1b\u76f4\u81f3\u8fd9\u4e00\u751f\u751f\u547d\u7684\u7ec8\u70b9\uff0c\u624d\u7b97\u8fc7\u4e86\u5bcc\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u4e00\u751f\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u5728\u4e34\u7ec8\u4e4b\u65f6\u6240\u9020\u4f5c\u7684\u4e1a\uff0c\u662f\u51b3\u5b9a\u5176\u672a\u6765\u751f\u547d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u5c0f\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6709\u660e\u51c0\u4e4b\u5fc3\u8005\uff0c\u4e34\u547d\u7ec8\u65f6\uff0c\u56e0\u5176\u5fc3\u660e\u51c0\uff0c\u5c06\u751f\u5929\u754c\u3002\u4e8e\u4e16\u6709\u60c5\uff0c\u56e0\u5fc3\u660e\u51c0\u800c\u8eab\u574f\u6b7b\u540e\uff0c\u751f\u5f80\u5584\u8da3\u3001\u751f\u5929\u754c\u3002\u6709\u6c61\u79fd\u4e0d\u7eaf\u6d01\u4e4b\u5fc3\u8005\uff0c\u4e34\u547d\u7ec8\u65f6\uff0c\u56e0\u5176\u5fc3\u6c61\u79fd\u4e0d\u7eaf\u6d01\uff0c\u5c06\u751f\u4e8e\u82e6\u754c\u3002\u4e8e\u4e16\u6709\u60c5\uff0c\u56e0\u5fc3\u88ab\u6c61\u800c\u8eab\u574f\u6b7b\u540e\uff0c\u751f\u4e8e\u65e0\u5e78\u5904\u3001\u6076\u8da3\u3001\u5815\u843d\u82e6\u754c\u3002\u201d\u4eba\u5728\u547d\u7ec8\u65f6\u5239\u90a3\u95f4\u7684\u6240\u4f5c\u6240\u60f3\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u5fc3\u7684\u4e34\u7ec8\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u80fd\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u672a\u6765\u751f\u547d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6cf0\u56fd\u6709\u4e34\u7ec8\u52a9\u5ff5\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u63d0\u9192\u4e34\u7ec8\u8005\u8981\u5fc6\u5ff5\u4f5b\u9640\u53ca\u4ed6\u4eca\u751f\u6240\u4fee\u7684\u529f\u5fb7\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u5728\u6b7b\u524d\u5fc3\u60c5\u5b89\u7a33\u3001\u6e05\u9759\u660e\u4eae\u800c\u5f80\u751f\u5584\u8da3\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e34\u7ec8\u5173\u6000\uff0c\u4f1a\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4eba\u4eec\u9762\u4e34\u6b7b\u4ea1\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u6050\u60e7\u3001\u5bb3\u6015\u3001\u65e0\u5948\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u4e94)\u6709\u6b64\u4e16\u53ca\u672a\u6765\u4e16<\/strong><\/p>\n

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(29) \u201c\u6c61\u5fc3\u201d\u662f\u6307\u8d2a\u3001\u778b\u3001\u605a\u6df7\u6742\u7b49\u4e4b\u5fc3\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(30)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eIt.p.12-14.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.I.p.8-9.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n\u5df4\u5229\u300a\u672c\u751f\u7ecf\u300b\uff08J\u0101taka\uff09\u4e2d\u5c31\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4e86\u91ca\u8fe6\u725f\u5c3c\u4f5b\u4f5c\u83e9\u8428\u65f6\uff0c\u751f\u751f\u4e16\u4e16\u4ee5\u751f\u547d\u5949\u732e\u52e4\u4fee\u6ce2\u7f57\u871c\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u3002\u8bf8\u963f\u7f57\u6c49\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u524d\u4e16\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u963f\u7f57\u6c49\u679c\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5c31\u662f\u8bc1\u5f97\u4e09\u660e\uff0c\u4e09\u660e\u4e4b\u4e00\u4fbf\u662f\u5bbf\u547d\u667a\u2014\u2014\u4f9d\u6cd5\u773c\u770b\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u524d\u4e16\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u4e5f\u53ef\u8bc1\u660e\u751f\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af\u4e4b\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5c0f\u90e8\uff08Khuddaka Nik\u0101ya\uff09<\/p>\n

(31) \u6307\u4f17\u751f\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u60d1\u9020\u4e1a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u8ff7\u754c\uff08\u516d\u9053\uff09\u6d41\u8f6c\u751f\u6b7b\u3002\u5982\u8f66\u8f6e\u65cb\u8f6c\uff0c\u5faa\u73af\u4e0d\u5df2\uff0c\u6545\u4e91\u201c\u8f6e\u56de\u201d\u3002\u53c8\u79f0\u6d41\u8f6c\u3001\u751f\u6b7b\u3001\u8f6e\u8f6c\u3001\u8f6e\u56de\u8f6c\u751f\u3002\u89c1\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u4f5b\u6559\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66\u300b <\u7535\u5b50\u7248>\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(32) \u5df4\u5b99\u535a\u58eb\u8bd1\uff0e\u5357\u4f20\u5f25\u5170\u738b\u95ee\u7ecf\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5b9c\u5170\u53bf\uff1a\u4e2d\u534e\u5370\u7ecf\u534f\u4f1a\uff0c2003\uff1a149\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(33)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.I.p.117.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c9\uff0c\u9875164-165\u3002\u300a\u53cc\u60f3\u7ecf\u300b;\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.I.p.240-248.\u300a\u8428\u906e\u8fe6\u5927\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(34) \u201c\u6c99\u95e8\u3001\u5a46\u7f57\u95e8\uff0c\u4ece\u52c7\u731b\u7cbe\u8fdb\u5730\u71c3\u70e7\u70e6\u607c\u3001\u7cbe\u7ec3\u3001\u52e4\u4fee\u3001\u4e0d\u653e\u9038\u3001\u6b63\u8b66\u89c9\u3001\u5fc3\u5b9a\uff0c\u5fc3\u5b9a\u65f6\uff0c\u80fd\u60f3\u8d77\u8fc7\u53bb\u79cd\u79cd\u5bbf\u4f4f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4e00\u751f\u3001\u4e8c\u751f\u2026\u2026\u591a\u5343\u751f\u3001\u591a\u767e\u5343\u751f\uff0c\u2018\u751f\u5f7c\u5904\uff0c\u6211\u5982\u662f\u540d\u3001\u5982\u662f\u59d3\u3001\u5982\u662f\u9636\u7ea7\uff0c\u98df\u5982\u662f\u98df\u3001\u611f\u53d7\u5982\u662f\u82e6\u4e50\uff0c\u5982\u662f \u5bff\u91cf\u3002\u6211\u4ece\u5176\u5904\u6b81\uff0c\u751f\u4e8e\u4ed6\u5904\u3002\u5176\u751f\u4ea6\u6709\u5982\u662f\u540d\u3001\u5982\u662f\u59d3\u3001\u5982\u662f\u9636\u7ea7\u3001\u98df\u5982\u662f\u98df\u3001\u611f\u53d7\u5982\u662f\u82e6\u4e50\uff0c\u5982\u662f\u5bff\u91cf\u3002\u6211\u4ece\u5176\u5904\u6b81\uff0c\u800c\u751f\u6b64\u5904\u3002\u2019\u5982\u662f\u540c\u5176\u4e8b\u60c5\u3001\u5883\u9047\uff0c\u800c\u60f3\u8d77\u79cd\u79cd\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e4b\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u800c\u5f7c\u5982\u6b21\u8a00\uff1a\u2018\u6211\u53ca\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u5e38\u4f4f\u2019\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.I.p.13.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c6\uff0c\u987512\u3002\u300a\u68b5\u7f51\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u300a\u957f\u8001\u5048\u300b\uff08Therag\u0101th\u0101\uff09\u548c\u300a\u957f\u8001\u5c3c\u5048\u300b\uff08Ther\u012bg\u0101th\u0101\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u63d0\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u8bc1\u5f97\u4e09\u660e\uff0c\u6709\u4e86\u5bbf\u547d\u901a\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u770b\u5230\u56e0\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u524d\u4e16\u4fee\u4e86\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u529f\u5fb7\u6ce2\u7f57\u871c\uff0c\u800c\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eca\u751f\u8bc1\u5f97\u963f\u7f57\u6c49\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u201c\u4e16\u95f4\u6b63\u89c1\u201d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e94\u3001\u516d\u9879\u5185\u5bb9\u8868\u793a\u51fa\uff0c\u4eba\u5728\u5f80\u751f\u540e\u771f\u7684\u6709\u6765\u4e16\uff0c\u6b7b\u540e\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u4e00\u5207\u5f52\u96f6\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u4eba\u6b7b\u5982\u706f\u706d\u201d\u7684\u901a\u5e38\u89c2\u5ff5\u6240\u63cf\u7ed8\u7684\u90a3\u6837\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u53e4\u4eba\u5e38\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4eca\u751f\u4e00\u5207\u662f\u524d\u4e16\u5b89\u6392\uff0c\u6765\u751f\u5e78\u798f\u5168\u770b\u4eca\u751f\u79ef\u5fb7\u884c\u5584\u201d\u3002\u4f17\u751f\u90fd\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u4e1a\u529b\u7684\u627f\u62c5\u8005\uff0c\u8089\u4f53\u53ea\u662f\u88ab\u706b\u5316\u6216\u57cb\u8fdb\u6ce5\u571f\u91cc\uff0c\u4f46\u7075\u9b42\u8fd8\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4e1a\u529b\u6295\u751f\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u65b0\u7684\u751f\u547d\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4f1a\u53bb\u4ec0\u4e48\u5730\u65b9\u6295\u751f\u3001\u4f1a\u62e5\u6709\u600e\u6837\u7684\u5f62\u4f53\uff0c\u5374\u5f80\u5f80\u96be\u4ee5\u628a\u63e1\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u56e0\u679c\u4e1a\u62a5\u7684\u89c4\u5f8b\u771f\u5b9e\u4e0d\u865a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8981\u52aa\u529b\u7ecf\u8425\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u5ea6\u597d\u6b64\u4e16\u7684\u4eba\u751f\uff1b\u66f4\u8981\u597d\u597d\u4e3a\u5f80\u751f\u540e\u7684\u957f\u4e45\u751f\u547d\u4f5c\u51c6\u5907\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0d\u653e\u9038\u3001\u65ad\u6076\u3001\u884c\u5584\u4ee5\u53ca\u81ea\u51c0\u5df1\u610f\u4e3a\u4fee\u8eab\u8ffd\u6c42\uff0c\u624d\u4e0d\u6789\u751f\u800c\u4e3a\u4eba\u3002\u201c\u8bf8\u6076\u83ab\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f17\u5584\u5949\u884c\uff0c\u81ea\u51c0\u5176\u610f\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u4e00\u5207\u8bf8\u4f5b\u6240\u6559\u5bfc\u7684\uff1b\u662f\u4e00\u5207\u83e9\u8428\u7686\u7ecf\u7531\u7684\u751f\u547d\u8def\u7ebf\uff0c\u662f\u4eba\u751f\u7684\u6b63\u9053\u2014\u2014\u4e2d\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (\u516d)\u7236\u6bcd\u4eb2\u6709\u6069\u5fb7<\/strong><\/p>\n

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(35) \u6b64\u4e3a\u8bf8\u4f5b\u9640\u4e4b\u6559\u6559\u8bf2\u3002\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eDh.p.52.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c26\uff0c\u987531\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(36) \u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u5584\u58eb\u8005\u662f\u77e5\u6069\u3001\u611f\u5ff5\u6069\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u77e5\u6069\u53ca\u611f\u5ff5\u6069\u8005\uff0c\u662f\u5584\u4eba\u6240\u79f0\u8d5e\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6b64\u7eaf\u4e3a\u5584\u58eb\u5730\u3002\u8c13\uff1a\u77e5\u6069\u3001\u611f\u5ff5 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u6069\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.I.p.61.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c19\uff0c\u987583\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(37)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.I.p.132.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c19\uff0c\u9875192\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(38)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.I.p.182.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c13\uff0c\u9875303\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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(39) \u201c\u4f17\u5bb6\u4e3b\uff01\u5b88\u6212\u884c\u5584\u4e4b\u6301\u6212\u8005\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7cbe\u8fdb\u4e0d\u61c8\u6020\uff0c\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u5927\u8d22\u5bcc\u3002\u2026\u2026\u5584\u540d\u8fdc\u64ad\u3002\u2026\u2026\u4e0d\u8bba\u63a5\u8fd1\u5239\u5e1d\u5229\u4f17\u3001\u5a46\u7f57\u95e8\u4f17\u3001\u5bb6\u4e3b\u4f17\u3001\u6c99\u95e8\u4f17\uff0c\u4ed6\u90fd\u4f1a\u81ea\u4fe1\u6ee1\u6ea2\u3001\u9547\u5b9a\u81ea\u82e5\u3002\u2026\u2026\u6b7b\u65f6\u4e0d\u7cca\u6d82\uff0c\u4e0d\u660f\u8069\u3002\u2026\u2026\u8eab\u574f\u547d\u7ec8\u540e\uff0c\u5f53\u751f\u4e8e\u5584\u8da3\u5929\u754c\u3002\u6b64\u662f\u5b88\u6212\u884c\u5584\u6301\u6212\u8005\u4e4b\u7b2c\u4e94\u597d\u62a5\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.II.p.86.\u300a\u5927\u822c\u6d85\u69c3\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(40) \u201c\u82e5\u5bf9\u755c\u751f\u4f9b\u517b\u5e03\u65bd\uff0c\u5e94\u671b\u5f97\u767e\u500d\u4e4b\u65bd\u62a5\u3002\u82e5\u5bf9\u51e1\u592b\u4e4b\u6076\u6212\u8005\u4f9b\u517b\u5e03\u65bd\uff0c\u5e94\u671b\u5f97\u5343\u500d\u4e4b\u65bd\u62a5\u3002\u82e5\u5bf9\u51e1\u592b\u4e4b\u5177\u6212\u8005\u4f9b\u517b\u5e03\u65bd\uff0c\u5e94\u671b\u5f97\u5341\u4e07\u500d\u4e4b\u65bd\u62a5\u2026\u2026\u82e5\u5bf9\u8bc1\u9884\u6d41\u679c\u4e4b\u9053\u4e2d\u8005\u4f9b\u517b\u5e03\u65bd\uff0c\u5e94\u671b\u5f97\u65e0\u6570\u65e0\u91cf\u4e4b\u65bd\u62a5\u3002\u4f55\u51b5\u5bf9\u9884\u6d41\u679c\u8005\u8036\uff01\u5bf9\u8bc1\u4e00\u6765\u679c\u4e4b\u9053\u4e2d\u8005\u2026\u2026\u4e43\u81f3\u2026\u2026\u4f55\u51b5\u5bf9\u5982\u6765\u5f1f\u5b50\u4e4b\u963f\u7f57\u6c49\u2026\u2026\u4e43\u81f3\u2026\u2026\u8f9f\u652f\u4f5b\u2026\u2026\u4e43\u81f3\u2026\u2026\u4f55\u51b5\u5bf9\u5982\u6765\u3001\u963f\u7f57\u6c49\u3001\u6b63\u7b49\u89c9\u8005\u8036\uff01\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.III.p.255.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c12\uff0c\u9875267-268\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(41) \u201c\u4fee\u4e60\u6212\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u5219\u5b9a\u6709\u5927\u679c\u62a5\u3001\u5927\u5229\u76ca\u3002\u4fee\u4e60\u5b9a\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u5219\u6167\u6709\u5927\u679c\u62a5\u3001\u5927\u5229\u76ca\u3002\u4fee\u4e60\u6167\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u5219\u5fc3\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u4ece\u6b32\u6f0f\u3001\u6709\u6f0f\u3001\u89c1\u6f0f\u3001\u65e0\u660e\u6f0f\u7b49\u8bf8\u6f0f\u4e2d\u89e3\u8131\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.II.p.81.\u300a\u5927\u822c\u6d85\u69c3\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(42)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.I.p.61-62.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c19\uff0c\u987583-84\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u7531\u4e0a\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d\u62a5\u7b54\u7236\u6bcd\u6069\u5fb7\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u7236\u6bcd\u6069\u6700\u4f1f\u5927\uff0c\u53ea\u6b64\u4e00\u8f88\u5b50\u5c3d\u91cf\u62a5\u7b54\u5c1a\u8fd8\u4e0d\u80fd\u5706\u6ee1\uff0c\u5e94\u8981\u51c6\u5907\u4fee\u529f\u5fb7\u4ee5\u751f\u751f\u4e16\u4e16\u62a5\u7b54\u3002\u7b14\u8005\u5c06\u4e4b\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\uff1a1.\u4eca\u4e16\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u62a5\u7b54\uff0c\u4ee5\u5c3d\u529b\u800c\u4e3a\u7684\u5fc3\u6001\uff1b2.\u672a\u6765\u4e16\u7684\u62a5\u7b54\uff0c\u505a\u597d\u51c6\u5907\u529f\u5fb7\u7684\u8d44\u7cae\uff0c\u751f\u751f\u4e16\u4e16\u62a4\u4f51\u7236\u6bcd\u4eb2\u76f4\u81f3\u89e3\u8131\u6d85\u69c3\uff0c\u5373\u8ba9\u7236\u6bcd\u4eb2\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e09\u5b9d\u3001\u6301\u6212\u3001\u5e03\u65bd\u3001\u7985\u5750\u751f\u6b63\u6167\uff0c\u6b64\u80fd\u5c3d\u62a5\u6069\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (\u4e03)\u6709\u5316\u751f\u4f17\u751f<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n\u7ecf\u5178\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e16\u95f4\u8089\u773c\u6240\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u4f17\u751f\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u5929\u5802\u6216\u5730\u72f1\u4e43\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5316\u751f\u3002\u9020\u4e86\u5584\u4e1a\u7684\u4eba\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u5728\u5929\u754c\u4ee5\u5316\u751f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8bde\u751f\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u5e78\u798f\u5feb\u4e50\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u5316\u751f\u5230\u6076\u9053\u7684\u4f17\u751f\uff0c\u5219\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u5730\u72f1\u3001\u997f\u9b3c\u548c\u755c\u7272\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u5730\u72f1\u7684\u4f17\u751f\u5fc5\u987b\u4e00\u76f4\u53d7\u5230\u4e25\u9177\u7684\u60e9\u7f5a\uff0c\u53d7\u82e6\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e5d\u9879\u6b63\u89c1\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u786e\u5b9e\u5b58\u5728\u5730\u72f1\u6216\u5929\u5802\u7b49\u516d\u9053\u8f6e\u56de\u4f17\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u516b)\u6709\u81ea\u89c9\u609f\u3001\u6b63\u547d\u6b63\u884c\u7684\u6c99\u95e8<\/strong><\/p>\n

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(43)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.I.p.73.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c9\uff0c\u987595\u3002\u300a\u5e08\u5b50\u543c\u5927\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u201c\u6b63\u89c1\u201d\u7b2c\u4e00\u81f3\u7b2c\u56db\u9879\u6307\u51fa\u4eba\u751f\u5b89\u4e50\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u5df2\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u56db\u65e0\u91cf\u5fc3\uff1a\u6148\u3001\u60b2\u3001\u559c\u3001\u820d\u3002\u201c\u6b63\u89c1\u201d\u7b2c\u4e94\u81f3\u7b2c\u4e5d\u9879\u6307\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u7684\u771f\u8c1b\u3002\u201c\u6b63\u89c1\u201d\u7b2c\u5341\u9879\u6307\u51fa\u786e\u5b9e\u6709\u4f5b\u9640\u3001\u963f\u7f57\u6c49\uff0c\u771f\u7684\u6709\u53bb\u9664\u4eba\u751f\u8bf8\u82e6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4eba\u4eba\u80fd\u505a\u5f97\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n

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(44)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.I.p.117.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c9\uff0c\u9875166\u3002\u300a\u53cc\u60f3\u7ecf\u300b;\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.I.p.240-249.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c9\uff0c\u9875322-337\u3002\u300a\u8428\u906e\u8fe6\u5927\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(45) \u201c\u4fee\u884c\u6b63\u89c1\uff0c\u4ea6\u80fd\u5206\u522b\u5584\u3001\u6076\u4e4b\u6cd5\u3002\u6709\u4eca\u4e16\u3001\u540e\u4e16\uff0c\u4e16\u6709\u6c99\u95e8\u3001\u5a46\u7f57\u95e8\u7b49\u4fee\u6b63\u89c1\u3002\u53d6\u8bc1\u5f97\u963f\u7f57\u6c49\u8005\uff0c\u662f\u8c13\u68b5\u884c\u4eba\u4fee\u884c\u4e00\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f97\u81f3\u6d85\u69c3\u3002\u201d\u89c1\u300a\u589e\u58f9\u963f\u542b\u7ecf\u300bT02.125.p.747b\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(46) \u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u8b6c\u5982\u7518\u8517\u4e4b\u79cd\u5b50\u3001\u7a3b\u4e4b\u79cd\u5b50\u3001\u8461\u8404\u4e4b\u79cd\u5b50\uff0c\u64ad\u79cd\u4e8e\u6e7f\u5730\uff0c\u53d6\u5730\u5473\u3001\u53d6\u6c34\u5473\uff0c\u7686\u8d44\u4e8e\u53ef\u60a6\u3001\u7518\u3001\u751c\u7f8e\u3002\u4f55\u4ee5\u6545\u8036\uff1f\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u79cd \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5b50\u5584\u4e5f\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u5982\u662f\u6b63\u89c1\u3001\u6b63\u601d\u60df\u3001\u6b63\u8bed\u3001\u6b63\u4e1a\u3001\u6b63\u547d\u3001\u6b63\u7cbe\u8fdb\u3001\u6b63\u5ff5\u3001\u6b63\u5b9a\u3001\u6b63\u667a\u3001\u6b63\u89e3\u8131\u4e4b\u4eba\uff0c\u4eba\u968f\u89c1\u800c\u6240\u5b8c\u5168\u6267\u53d6\u4e4b\u8eab\u4e1a\u3001\u8bed \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e1a\u3001\u610f\u4e1a\uff0c\u601d\u3001\u6b32\u3001\u613f\u3001\u884c\u4e4b\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\uff0c\u8d44\u4e8e\u53ef\u4e50\u3001\u53ef\u7231\u3001\u53ef\u610f\u3001\u5229\u76ca\u3001\u5b89\u4e50\u3002\u4f55\u4ee5\u6545\u8036\uff1f\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u5176\u89c1\u5584\u4e5f\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.V.p.213- \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 214.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c25\uff0c\u9875115\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u679c\u3002\u4f5b\u6559\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u751f\u547d\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b63\u89c1\u5e94\u5904\u4e8e\u9996\u8981\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u56e0\u5176\u662f\u5f15\u5bfc\u8d70\u4e0a\u80fd\u591f\u53bb\u82e6\u7684\u516b\u6b63\u9053\uff0c\u53ca\u5fc3\u751f\u8bf8\u5584\u6cd5\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e1a\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\uff1a\u8eab\u4e1a\u3001\u53e3\u4e1a\u3001\u610f\u4e1a\u3002\u6700\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7684\u5219\u662f\u610f\u4e1a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u610f\u4e1a\u662f\u8eab\u4e1a\u548c\u53e3\u4e1a\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u8eab\u4e1a\u3001\u53e3\u4e1a\u88ab\u610f\u4e1a\u5f15\u5bfc\u3002\u610f\u4e1a\u5305\u62ec\u89c2\u5ff5\u3001\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u3001\u7acb\u573a\u89c1\u89e3\u7b49\u3002\u300a\u76f8\u5e94\u90e8\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5b\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4e16\u95f4\u4f9d\u5fc3\u5bfc\uff0c\u4f9d\u5fc3\u4e4b\u6240\u607c\uff0c\u4ee5\u5fc3\u4e4b\u4e00\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u6240\u4ece\u5c5e\u3002\u201d\u5fc3\u91cc\u8fd0\u4f5c\u4fbf\u662f\u601d\u60df\uff08sa\u1e45kh\u0101ra\uff09\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u610f\u4e1a\u3002\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u4e5f\u662f\u88ab\u89c1\u89e3\uff08di\u1e6d\u1e6dhi\u77e5\u89c1\uff09\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

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(47) \u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u90aa\u89c1\u3001\u90aa\u601d\u60df\u3001\u90aa\u8bed\u3001\u90aa\u4e1a\u3001\u90aa\u547d\u3001\u90aa\u7cbe\u8fdb\u3001\u90aa\u5ff5\u3001\u90aa\u5b9a\u3001\u90aa\u667a\u3001\u90aa\u89e3\u8131\u4e4b\u4eba\uff0c\u4eba\u968f\u89c1\u800c\u6240\u5b8c\u5168\u6267\u53d6\u4e4b\u8eab\u4e1a\u3001\u8bed\u4e1a\u3001\u610f\u4e1a\uff0c\u601d\u3001\u6b32\u3001\u613f\u3001\u884c\u4e4b\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\uff0c\u8d44\u4e8e\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e50\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u7231\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u610f\u3001\u4e0d\u5229\u76ca\u3001\u82e6\u3002\u4f55\u4ee5\u6545\u8036\uff1f\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u5176\u89c1\u6076\u4e5f\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.V.p.212.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c25\uff0c\u9875114\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(48)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.I.p.39.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c13\uff0c\u987558\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(49) \u201c\u5341\u5584\u4e1a\u9053\uff1a\u79bb\u6740\u751f\uff0c\u79bb\u5077\u76d7\uff0c\u79bb\u90aa\u6deb\uff0c\u79bb\u5984\u8bed\uff0c\u79bb\u4e24\u820c\uff0c\u79bb\u7c97\u6076\u8bed\uff0c\u79bb\u7eee\u8bed\uff0c\u65e0\u8d2a\uff0c\u65e0\u778b\uff0c\u6b63\u89c1\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.III.p.269.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u9020\u4e1a\u884c\u4e3a\u65b9\u9762\uff1a\u61c2\u5f97\u5982\u7406\u601d\u60df\u3001\u61c2\u5f97\u8bf4\u3001\u61c2\u5f97\u505a\uff1b
\n\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u5bf9\u516d\u5916\u5883\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u548c\u5e94\u5bf9\u65b9\u9762\uff1a\u61c2\u5f97\u4ee5\u89c9\u77e5\u63a5\u53d7\u73b0\u5b9e\u3001\u770b\u5f85\u771f\u76f8\u3001\u89c2\u5bdf\u7f18\u8d77\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u5bf9\u5f85\u516d\u5916\u5883\uff1b<\/p>\n

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\n\u518c24\uff0c\u9875298\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(51)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eDh.p.1.\u300a\u6cd5\u53e5\u7ecf\u300b\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c26\uff0c\u987513\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01.\u611f\u77e5 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 2.\u611f\u53d7\u82e6\u3001\u4e50\u3001\u975e\u82e6\u975e\u4e50 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a03.\u751f\u8d77\u6b32\u671b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a04.\u4ea7\u751f\u95ee\u9898<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u6b64\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7ecf\u5e38\u53cd\u590d\u5730\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u4e0d\u6ce8\u610f\u5c31\u987a\u6b64\u601d\u60df\u673a\u5236\u800c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e60\u60ef\u6027\u3002\u6b64\u601d\u60df\u8fc7\u7a0b\u968f\u5fc3\u6240\u6b32\u800c\u751f\u82e6\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4ee5\u667a\u6167\u6765\u53c2\u4e0e\u89c2\u5bdf\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u89e3\u51b3\u6700\u6839\u672c\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u4ea7\u751f\u65b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6b64\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u5927\u4f17\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u5199\u7167\uff0c\u968f\u987a\u7231\u6b32\u9020\u6210\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u82e6\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u3002\u4e0d\u6b63\u5f53\u601d\u60df\u4f1a\u4fc3\u4f7f\u5fc3\u4e2d\u70e6\u607c\u7684\u81a8\u80c0\uff0c\u70e6\u607c\u662f\u4ece\u975e\u5982\u7406\u601d\u60df\u800c\u6765\u3002\u300a\u76f8\u5e94\u90e8\u300b\u4e2d\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff1a\u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18! \u82e5\u4f5c\u610f\u591a\u4fee\u4e94\u76d6\u5904\u4e4b\u8bf8\u6cd5\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u672a\u751f\u4e4b\u4e94\u76d6\u751f\uff0c\u5df2\u751f\u4e4b\u4e94\u76d6\u500d\u589e\u3001\u589e\u5927\u3002\u201d\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u82e5\u771f\u5b9e\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u8ba4\u771f\u5bf9\u5f85\u548c\u5904\u7406\u7531\u6e34\u7231\u597d\u6076\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u53ca\u70e6\u607c\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u7aef\u6b63\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\uff0c\u5982\u7406\u4f5c\u610f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f5b\u6559\u6559\u80b2\u4eba\u4eec\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u601d\u60df\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u51cf\u8f7b\u7231\u6b32\u70e6\u607c\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4f7f\u4eba\u5f00\u59cb\u80fd\u4ece\u6839\u6e90\u4e0a\u89e3\u9664\u4e00\u4e9b\u70e6\u607c\u3002\u6b64\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8981\u4f9d\u9760\u5584\u77e5\u8bc6\u5168\u9762\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f20\u6388\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u6559<\/p>\n

(52) \u201c\u56e0\u5982\u6765\u5982\u662f\u77e5\u2018\u6e34\u671b\u4e43\u82e6\u4e4b\u6839\u672c\u2019\u77e5\u2018\u4ece\u5b58\u5728\u800c\u6709\u751f\u3001\u800c\u6709\u4f17\u751f\u4e4b\u8001\u6b7b\u4e5f\u2019\u3002\u662f\u6545\uff0c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u4e8e\u6b64\u6211\u8bf4\u2018\u5982\u6765\u65ad\u5c3d\u4e00\u5207\u6e34\u7231\uff0c\u7531\u79bb\u67d3\u3001\u7531\u706d\u3001 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u7531\u820d\u3001\u7531\u5f03\uff0c\u800c\u8bc1\u89c9\u65e0\u4e0a\u6b63\u7b49\u6b63\u89c9\u4e5f\u3002\u2019\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.I.p.6.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c9\uff0c\u98756\u3002\u300a\u6839\u672c\u6cd5\u95e8\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(53) \u201c\u56e0\u975e\u5982\u7406\u4f5c\u610f\uff0c\u5219\u672a\u751f\u4e4b\u8bf8\u6f0f\u751f\u8d77\uff0c\u5df2\u751f\u4e4b\u8bf8\u6f0f\u589e\u957f\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u56e0\u6709\u5982\u7406\u4f5c\u610f\uff0c\u5219\u672a\u751f\u4e4b\u8bf8\u6f0f\u4e0d\u751f\uff0c\u5df2\u751f\u4e4b\u8bf8\u6f0f\u88ab\u820d\u79bb\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5e \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 M.I.p.7.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c9\uff0c\u98757\u3002 \u300a\u4e00\u5207\u6f0f\u7ecf\u300b\uff0c\u53e6\u89c1\uff0c\u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18!\u82e5\u975e\u5982\u7406\u4f5c\u610f\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u672a\u751f\u4e4b\u4e94\u76d6\u751f\uff0c\u5df2\u751f\u4e4b\u4e94\u76d6\u500d\u589e\u3001\u589e\u5927\u3002\u2026\u2026\u82e5 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5982\u7406\u4f5c\u610f\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u672a\u751f\u4e4b\u4e94\u76d6\u4e0d\u751f\uff0c\u5df2\u751f\u4e4b\u4e94\u76d6\u65ad\u9664\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.84-85.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c17\uff0c\u9875243-244\u3002\u300a\u975e\u5982\u7406\u7ecf\u300b\uff1b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.93-94.\uff1b \ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c17\uff0c\u9875255\u3002\u300a\u5982\u7406(\u4e00)\u300b\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.64-67.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c17\uff0c\u9875217-220\u3002\u300a\u8eab\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(54)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.84.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c17\uff0c\u9875243\u3002\u300a\u5904\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(55) \u201c\u82e5\u5177\u4eb2\u8fd1\u5584\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5219\u5177\u6b63\u6cd5\u4e4b\u542c\u95fb\uff1b\u82e5\u5177\u6b63\u6cd5\u4e4b\u542c\u95fb\uff0c\u5219\u5177\u4fe1\uff1b\u82e5\u5177\u4fe1\uff0c\u5219\u5177\u5982\u7406\u4f5c\u610f\uff1b\u82e5\u5177\u5982\u7406\u4f5c\u610f\uff0c\u5219\u5177\u6b63\u5ff5\u6b63\u77e5\uff1b\u82e5\u5177\u6b63\u5ff5\u6b63\u77e5\uff0c\u5219\u5177\u62a4\u8bf8\u6839\uff1b\u82e5\u5177\u62a4\u8bf8\u6839\uff0c\u5219\u5177\u4e09\u5584\u884c\uff1b\u82e5\u5177\u4e09\u5584\u884c\uff0c\u5219\u5177\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\uff1b\u82e5\u5177\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\uff0c\u5219\u5177\u4e03\u89c9\u652f\uff1b\u82e5\u5177\u4e03\u89c9\u652f\uff0c\u5219\u5177\u660e\u89e3\u8131\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.V.p.115.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c25\uff0c\u98754\u3002\u300a\u65e0\u660e\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5bfc\uff0c\u4ece\u4eba\u7269\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u5165\u624b\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5176\u61c2\u5f97\u5982\u4f55\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u601d\u60df\uff0c\u751f\u8d77\u5bf9\u6b63\u9053\u548c\u884c\u5584\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u4ee5\u6b63\u5ff5\u4e0e\u667a\u6167\u89c2\u5bdf\u7f18\u8d77\u3001\u4e00\u5207\u4e07\u7269\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u61c2\u5f97\u600e\u6837\u7ba1\u7406\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u201c\u6d3b\u5728\u5f53\u4e0b\u201d\u7b49\u3002\u5982\u7406\u89c2\u5bdf\u601d\u60df\u5373\u5982\u7406\u4f5c\u610f\uff0c\u542c\u95fb\u5584\u6cd5\u4f1a\u5f15\u5bfc\u4eba\u61c2\u5f97\u5982\u7406\u4f5c\u610f\u3002\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5982\u7406\u4f5c\u610f\u8868\u793a\u667a\u6167\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u80fd\u5bfc\u5411\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u89e3\u51b3\u548c\u82e6\u7684\u706d\u5c3d\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4eba\u751f\u6559\u80b2\u3002
\n\u5982\u7406\u4f5c\u610f\u7684\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u80fd\u4e2d\u65ad\u6839\u636e\u4e2a\u4eba\u597d\u6076\u7684\u611f\u53d7\uff0c\u4ee4\u5176\u4e0d\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u6e34\u6b32\u3002\u56e0\u6b63\u5ff5\u89c9\u77e5\u89c2\u7167\u4e8b\u5b9e\u771f\u76f8\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5982\u5b9e\u611f\u53d7\u4f46\u4e0d\u751f\u8d77\u6e34\u6b32\u3002\u4e0d\u751f\u6e34\u6b32\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u88ab\u6e34\u6b32\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u5fc3\u3002\u82e5\u80fd\u53ca\u65f6\u4e2d\u65ad\u968f\u987a\u6e34\u6b32\u7684\u601d\u60df\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5982\u7406\u4f5c\u610f\uff0c\u5219\u80fd\u542f\u53d1\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u8fbe\u5230\u706d\u82e6\u7684\u5883\u754c\u3002\u7b14\u8005\u603b\u7ed3\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u611f\u77e5 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u611f\u53d7 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u751f\u8d77\u6e34\u6b32 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u53d1\u751f\u95ee\u9898
\n(phassa) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0(vedhan\u0101) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(danh\u0101) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (\u751f\u82e6)<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5982\u7406\u4f5c\u610f \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u667a\u6167 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u706d\u82e6)<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4ece\u6559\u80b2\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b66\u4e60\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5584\u77e5\u8bc6\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5916\u5728\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5982\u7406\u4f5c\u610f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5185\u5728\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u4ea6\u5373\uff0c\u5584\u77e5\u8bc6\u5904\u4e8e\u6559\u5bfc\u6b63\u786e\u601d\u60df\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u800c\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u601d\u60df\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u6b63\u5f53\u4e0e\u5426\u8fd8\u8981\u9760\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u81ea\u8eab\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u5728\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u6559\u5bfc\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b63\u5f53\u7684\u601d\u60df\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u6307\uff1a\u61c2\u5f97\u5982\u4f55\u601d\u60df\uff0c\u5982\u7406\u601d\u60df\u4f7f\u601d\u60f3\u6709\u987a\u5e8f\u3001\u6574\u9f50\uff0c\u5584\u8fa8\u522b\u5206\u6790\u3001\u770b\u4e8b\u60c5\u80fd\u900f\u5f7b\u81f3\u672c\u8d28\u5c42\u9762\u3002\u4ee5\u5176\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u7cfb\u7b49\u5f00\u53d1\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u4f7f\u80fd\u81ea\u6211<\/p>\n

(56)\uff08yoniso-manasik\u0101ra\uff09\u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u4e3a\u8bf8\u6cd5\u4e4b\u5584\u3001\u5584\u5206\u3001\u5584\u53cb\u8005\uff0c\u7686\u4ee5\u5982\u7406\u4f5c\u610f\u4e3a\u6839\u672c\uff0c\u7b49\u8da3\u4e8e\u5982\u7406\u4f5c\u610f\uff0c\u4ee5\u5982\u7406\u4f5c\u610f\u4e3a\u8bf8\u6cd5\u6700\u4e0a\u4e4b\u540d\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.91.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c17\uff0c\u9875252\u3002\u300a\u5584(\u4e8c)\u7ecf\u300b\uff1b\u53e6\u89c1\uff0c\u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6211\u4e3a\u6709\u5b66\u3001\u5fc3\u672a\u5230\u8fbe\u963f\u7f57\u6c49\u8005\uff0c\u4e3a\u7eed\u4f4f\u5e0c\u6c42\u65e0\u4e0a\u89e3\u8131\u4e4b\u6bd4\u4e18\u7b49\uff0c\u4f5c\u5185\u7f18\u591a\u63f4\u52a9\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6211\u6ca1\u770b\u5230\u6709\u4e00\u7f18\u5982\u662f\u5982\u7406\u4f5c\u610f\u4e4b\u9976\u76ca\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u5982\u7406\u4f5c\u610f\u6bd4\u4e18\u5c06\u820d\u65ad\u4e0d\u5584\uff0c\u4fee\u517b\u5584\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eIt.p.9.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c26\uff0c\u9875185\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(57) \u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6211\u4e0d\u89c1\u5176\u4ed6\u6709\u4e00\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee4\u672a\u751f\u4e4b\u516b\u652f\u5723\u9053\u751f\u8d77\uff1b\u4ee4\u672a\u751f\u4e4b\u516b\u652f\u5723\u9053\u751f\u8d77\uff1b\u5df2\u751f\u4e4b\u516b\u652f\u5723\u9053\uff0c\u4f7f\u4fee\u4e60\u5706\u6ee1\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6b64\u5373\u6709\u5584\u53cb\u662f\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.35.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c17\uff0c\u9875174\u3002\u300a\u5584\u53cb\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

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(58) \u201c\u4e16\u5c0a\u4f5c\u6709\u987a\u5e8f\u4e4b\u8bf4\u8bdd\uff0c\u5373\u8bf4\uff1a\u5e03\u65bd\u3001\u6301\u6212\u3001\u751f\u5929\uff0c\u8bf8\u6b32\u4e4b\u707e\u5384\u3001\u90aa\u6076\u4e0e\u6c61\u79fd\uff0c\u51fa\u79bb\u4e4b\u5229\u76ca\u3002 \u4e16\u5c0a\u77e5\u6cb8\u4f3d\u7f57\u5a11\u7f57\u5fc3\u4ece\u987a\u3001\u67d4\u8f6f\u3001\u9664\u969c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u788d\u3001\u8dc3\u8df3\u751f\u8d77\u4fe1\u5ff5\u65f6\uff0c\u5373\u8bf4\u50a8\u4f5b\u8bc1\u609f\u4e4b\u6cd5\u4e49\uff0c\u5373\u82e6\u3001\u82e6\u4e4b\u96c6\u3001\u82e6\u4e4b\u706d\u3001\u82e6\u706d\u4e4b\u9053\u3002\u6070\u5982\u65e0\u6c61\u79fd\u4e4b\u767d\u5e03\uff0c\u6b63\u53ef\u67d3\u8272\u3002\u5982\u662f\uff0c\u6cb8\u4f3d\u7f57\u5a11\u7f57\uff0c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e8e\u5176\u5ea7\u8fdc\u79bb\u5c18\u57a2\uff0c\u751f\u5982\u662f\u6cd5\u773c\uff1a\u2018\u51e1\u4efb\u4f55\u4e4b\u7269\uff0c\u96c6\u8d77\u4e4b\u6cd5\uff0c\u7686\u662f\u706d\u5c3d\u4e4b\u6cd5\u3002\u2019\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.I.p.110.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c6\uff0c\u9875123-124\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e8e\u662f\u51fa\u5bb6\u4fee\u884c\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u516d\u5e74\u82e6\u884c\u7ed3\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n

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(59) \u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u4e88\u4ea6\u4e8e\u6b63\u89c9\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u4e8e\u672a\u6b63\u89c9\u83e9\u8428\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u2026\u2026\u5982\u662f\u4e88\u751f\u662f\u5ff5\uff1a\u201c\u4f55\u6545\u4e88\u81ea\u751f\u6cd5\u800c\u6c42\u751f\u6cd5\uff0c\u81ea\u8001\u6cd5\u800c\u6c42\u8001\u6cd5\uff0c\u81ea\u75c5\u6cd5\u800c\u6c42\u75c5\u6cd5\uff0c\u81ea\u6b7b\u6cd5\u800c\u6c42\u6b7b\u6cd5\uff0c\u2026\u2026\u4e43\u81f3\u2026\u2026\u81ea\u6742\u79fd\u6cd5\u800c\u6c42\u6742\u79fd\u6cd5\u5426\uff1f\u7136\uff0c\u4e88\u81ea\u751f\u6cd5\u800c\u77e5\u4e8e\u751f\u6cd5\u4e4b\u60a3\uff0c\u4ee5\u6c42\u65e0\u751f\u65e0\u4e0a\u5b89\u7a33\u6d85\u69c3\uff0c\u81ea\u8001\u6cd5\u800c\u89c1\u4e8e\u8001\u6cd5\u4e4b\u60a3\uff0c\u4ee5\u6c42\u65e0\u8001\u65e0\u4e0a\u5b89\u7a33\u6d85\u69c3\uff0c\u81ea\u75c5\u6cd5\u2026\u2026\u81ea\u6b7b\u6cd5\u2026\u2026\u81ea\u6101\u6cd5\u2026\u2026\u81ea\u6742\u79fd\u6cd5\u800c\u77e5\u4e8e\u6742\u79fd\u6cd5\u4e4b\u60a3\uff0c\u4ee5\u6c42\u65e0\u6742\u79fd\u65e0\u4e0a\u5b89\u7a33\u6d85\u69c3\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.I.p.163.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c9\uff0c\u9875227\u3002\u300a\u5723\u6c42\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(60) \u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6614\u6211\u5c1a\u672a\u5f97\u6b63\u89c9\uff0c\u4e3a\u83e9\u8428\u65f6\uff0c\u66fe\u4f5c\u6b64\u5ff5\uff1a\u2018\u6b64\u4e16\u95f4\u5b9e\u9677\u4e8e\u82e6\u607c\uff0c\u751f\u800c\u5954\u5411\u8870\u3001\u8001\u3001\u6b7b\u800c\u53c8\u5c06\u518d\u751f\u3002\u7136\u5374\u4e0d\u77e5\u6b64\u8001\u6b7b\u82e6\u4e4b\u51fa\u79bb\u3002\u5b9e\u5219\u5982\u4f55\u5f97\u77e5\u6b64\u8001\u6b7b\u82e6\u4e4b\u51fa\u79bb\u8036\uff1f\u2019\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u7136\u5219\u6211\u4f5c\u662f\u5ff5\uff1a\u2018\u6709\u4f55\u6545\u6709\u8001\u6b7b\u8036\uff1f\u7f18\u4f55\u6709\u8001\u6b7b\u8036\uff1f\u2019\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u5c14\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4f9d\u6b63\u601d\u60df\uff0c\u4f9d\u6167\u609f\u5f97\u751f\uff1a\u2018\u6709\u751f\u6545\u6709\u8001\u6b7b\uff0c\u7f18\u751f\u800c\u6709\u8001\u6b7b\u2026\u2026\u65e0\u751f\u6545\u65e0\u8001\u6b7b\uff0c\u56e0\u751f\u4e4b\u706d\u800c\u6709\u8001\u6b7b\u4e4b\u706d\u3002\u2019\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.II.p.104-105.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c14\uff0c\u9875123-124\u3002\u300a\u57ce\u9091\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(61) \u201c\u4e88\u4e4b\u82e6\u884c\u4e3a\u6700\u9ad8\u65e0\u6709\u6bd4\u6b64\u66f4\u4e0a\u8005\u2026\u2026\u5c1a\u672a\u5230\u8fbe\u8d85\u8d8a\u4eba\u6cd5\u3001\u7279\u6b8a\u6700\u5723\u4e4b\u77e5\u89c1\uff0c\u6545\u60f3\u8fbe\u5230\u83e9\u63d0\uff0c\u5e94\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u4e4b\u9053\u3002\u5982\u662f\u963f\u4e49\u8036\u8428\u90a3\uff01\u4e88\u4f5c\u662f\u601d\u5ff5\uff1a\u2018\u4e88\u7236\u91ca\u8fe6\u738b\u884c\u8015\u4e8b\u65f6\uff0c\u4e88\u5750\u4e8e\u7566\u7554\u4e4b\u960e\u6d6e\u6811\u836b\u4e0b\uff0c\u79bb\u6b32\u3001\u79bb\u4e0d\u5584\u6cd5\u3001\u6709\u5bfb\u3001\u6709\u4f3a\uff0c\u7531\u79bb\u751f\u559c\u4e50\u6210\u5c31\u521d\u7985\u4e4b\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff0c\u5f7c\u65f6\u4e88\u4f5c\u662f\u5ff5\u6b64\u5e94\u662f\u5230\u83e9\u63d0\u4e4b\u9053\u8036\uff1f\u2019\u963f\u4e49\u8036\u8428\u90a3\uff01\u5f7c\u4e88\u968f\u5ff5\u667a\u751f\uff1a\u2018\u6b64\u4e43\u81f3\u83e9\u63d0\u4e4b\u9053\u4e5f\u3002\u2019\u2026\u2026\u5982\u662f\u4e88\u6444\u7c97\u98df\u4e73\u9761\uff0c\u5f97\u4f53\u529b\uff0c\u79bb\u6b32\u3001\u79bb\u4e0d\u5584\u6cd5\uff0c\u6709\u5bfb\u3001\u6709\u4f3a\uff0c\u7531\u79bb\u751f\u559c\u4e50\u6210\u5c31\u521d\u7985\u2026\u2026\u4e88\u4ece\u65e0\u660e\u6f0f\u5fc3\u89e3\u8131\u4e5f\u3002\u4e88\u5df2\u6709\u89e3\u8131\u4e4b\u667a\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.I.p. 246-249.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c9\uff0c\u9875333-336\u3002\u300a\u8428\u906e\u8fe6\u5927\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u5f53\u516d\u5185\u5904\u9047\u89c1\u516d\u5916\u5883\uff0c\u56e0\u77e5\u89c9\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u79cd\u79cd\u60c5\u7eea\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u5c31\u4f1a\u6709\u611f\u53d7\uff08\u82e6\u3001\u4e50\u3001\u975e\u82e6\u975e\u4e50\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5f00\u59cb\u601d\u8003\u3002\u5982\u679c\u662f\u90aa\u601d\u60df\uff0c\u8eab\u3001\u53e3\u3001\u610f\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u5f53\u7684\u6216\u6076\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff08\u904d\u4e8e\u8d2a\u6b32\u3001\u778b\u605a\u3001\u607c\u5bb3\u7684\u8d8b\u5411\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u95ee\u9898\u53ca\u82e6\u607c\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5168\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u82e5\u7ecf\u5e38\u505a\u4f1a\u5f62\u6210\u4e60\u60ef\uff0c\u5e76\u6700\u7ec8\u6210\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e60\u6027\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u6076\u6027\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u81f4\u4f7f\u751f\u547d\u548c\u524d\u9014\u53d8\u5f97\u6697\u6de1\uff0c\u8fd9\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u8fdd\u80cc\u4e86\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e3a\u4eba\u7684\u5e94\u7136\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u751f\u547d\u804c\u8d23\uff0c\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u5982\u6b64\u7684\u3002\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u82e5\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b63\u601d\u60df\u5bf9\u5f85\uff0c\u8eab\u3001\u53e3\u3001\u610f\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u5c31\u662f\u5584\u7684\u884c\u52a8\uff08\u904d\u4e8e\u65e0\u8d2a\u6b32\u3001\u65e0\u778b\u605a\u3001\u65e0\u607c\u5bb3\u7684\u8d8b\u5411\uff09\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u4f1a\u83b7\u5f97\u4e0e\u524d\u8005\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u597d\u7ed3\u679c\u597d\u672a\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n

\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u601d\u60df\u662f\u77e5\u89c9\u611f\u53d7\u548c\u884c\u52a8\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u70b9\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u51b3\u5b9a\u884c\u4e3a\uff08\u5584\u3001\u6076\u3001\u975e\u5584\u975e\u6076\uff09\u7684\u8f6c\u6298\u70b9\uff0c\u751f\u6d3b\u8d8b\u5411\u8131\u79bb\u8f6e\u56de\uff08vi-va\u1e6d\u1e6da\uff09\u6216\u8f6e\u56de\u6d41\u8f6c\uff08sa\u1e43s\u0101ra-va\u1e6d\u1e6da\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u7531\u6b64\u800c\u5b9a\u3002\u4f5b\u6559\u5341\u5206\u91cd\u89c6\u4eba\u7684\u601d\u60df\uff0c\u5584\u601d\u60f3\u53ef\u65e0\u9650\u53d1\u6325\uff1b\u4f46\u4f5b\u9640\u63d0\u51fa\u5e95\u7ebf\uff0c\u529d\u8beb\u4eba\u4eec\u4e0d\u8981\u5815\u843d\u4e8e\u5e95\u7ebf\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4f24\u5df1\u5bb3\u4eba\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u63d0\u51fa\u4ee5\u6b63\u601d\u60df\u53ca\u5982\u7406\u4f5c\u610f\u7684\u601d\u60df\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u601d\u60df\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u539f\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e09\u3001\u6b63\u8bed\uff08samm\u0101-v\u0101c\u0101\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

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(62)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eIt.p.18.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c26\uff0c\u9875194\u3002\uff1b\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u300a\u4e2d\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u300b\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u51e1\u4efb\u4f55\u6545\u610f\u5984\u8bed\u800c\u65e0\u6127\u8005\uff0c\u4e88\u8a00\uff1a\u2018\u5f7c\u4ea6\u65e0\u4efb\u4f55\u6076\u4e0d\u53ef\u4f5c\u4e5f\u3002\u2019\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.I.p.415.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c10\uff0c\u9875173-174\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u7ecf\u5178 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5584\u8bf4\u8bdd\u539f\u5219\u4e4b\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u300a\u5927\u56db\u5341\u7ecf\u300b(63) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u8fdc\u79bb\u865a\u8bf3\u8bed\uff0c\u8fdc\u79bb\u79bb\u95f4\u8bed\uff0c\u8fdc\u79bb\u7c97\u6076\u8bed\uff0c\u8fdc\u79bb\u6742\u79fd\u8bed \uff08\u7eee\u8bed\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

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\n\u4e09\u3001\u771f\u5b9e\u8bed\uff0c\u6709\u5229\uff0c\u5176\u56e0\u4ed6\u4eba\u6240\u4e0d\u6b22\u559c\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u77e5\u65f6\u5b9c\uff0c\u800c\u8bf4\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bed\u3002
\n\u56db\u3001\u4e0d\u771f\u5b9e\u8bed\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5229\uff0c\u5176\u56e0\u4ed6\u4eba\u6240\u6b22\u559c\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u4e0d\u8bf4\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bed\u3002
\n\u4e94\u3001\u771f\u5b9e\u8bed\uff0c\u6709\u5229\uff0c\u56e0\u4ed6\u4eba\u6240\u6b22\u559c\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u77e5\u65f6\u5b9c\uff0c\u800c\u8bf4\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bed\u3002<\/p>\n

\u300a\u589e\u652f\u90e8\u7ecf\u300b(65) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e00\u3001\u4ee5\u65f6\u5b9c\u3001\u65f6\u673a\u6070\u5f53\u800c\u8bf4\u3002\u4e8c\u3001\u4ee5\u771f\u5b9e\u800c\u8bf4\u3002\u4e09\u3001\u4ee5\u67d4\u8f6f\u3001\u60a6\u8bed\u5730\u8bf4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u56db\u3001\u4ee5\u5229\u5df1\u5229\u4ed6\u800c\u8bf4\u3002\u4e94\u3001\u4ee5\u6148\u5fc3\u800c\u8bf4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u300a\u589e\u652f\u90e8\u7ecf\u300b(66) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u82e5\u589e\u4e0d\u5584\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u706d\u5584\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u8bf4\u3002
\n\u82e5\u706d\u4e0d\u5584\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u589e\u5584\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u8bf4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u636e\u6b64\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u6b63\u8bed\u65e8\u5728\u65ad\u9664\u56db\u79cd\u4e0d\u6b63\u5f53\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5373\u5984\u8bed\u3001\u6076\u53e3\u3001\u4e24\u820c\u4e0e\u7eee\u8bed\u3002\u4f5b\u5728\u300a\u5409\u7965\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5e7f\u5b66\u957f\u6280\u827a\uff0c\u5584\u5b66\u8bf8\u5f8b\u4eea\uff0c\u80fd\u5584\u8bed\u8a00\u8f9e\uff0c\u6b64\u4e3a\u6700\u5409\u7965\u201d\u3002\u4f5b\u6559\u6559\u80b2\u4eba\u4eec\u8981\u6b63\u5f53\u5730\u8a00\u8bf4\u3001\u61c2\u5f97\u5982\u4f55\u8bf4\u8bdd\uff0c\u4ee5\u89c4\u77e9\u3001\u8bda\u6073\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0e\u4eba\u6c9f\u901a\u3002\u5a92\u4f53\u62a5\u9053\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0e\u5ba3\u4f20\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e94\u8be5\u9075\u5b88\u9053\u5fb7\u539f\u5219\uff0c<\/p>\n

(63)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.III.p.71-78.\uff08Mah\u0101catt\u0101r\u012bsaka-sutta\uff09\uff1b\ufe5dMBU.\ufe5e\u518c22\uff0cp.341-352.\uff1b \ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c12\uff0c\u987555-62\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(64)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.I.p.395.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c10\uff0c\u9875146\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(65)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.III.p.243-244.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.III.p.196.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(66)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.II.p.173.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c20\uff0c\u9875286\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(67)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eKhp.p.3.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c26\uff0c\u98753\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u56db\u3001\u6b63\u4e1a(samm\u0101-kammanta)<\/strong><\/p>\n

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(68)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.I.p.271.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(69)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.I.p.286-288.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c10\uff0c\u98752-6\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u975e\u6cd5\u884c\u3001\u975e\u6b63\u884c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u6b63\u884c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u6cd5\u884c
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u7231\u6b32\u90aa\u884c\u8005 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u8fdc\u79bb\u7231\u6b32\u4e4b\u90aa\u884c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u800c\u4f4f\u4e8e\u601c\u610d\u4e00\u5207\u4f17\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53e3 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5984\u8bed\u8005\u3001\u4e24\u820c\u8005 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u79bb\u5984\u8bed\u8005\u3001\u79bb\u4e24\u820c\u8005\u3001 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u4e3a\u8bf8\u548c\u5408\u4e4b\u4fc3\u8fdb\u8005\uff0c\u4ee5\u548c\u5408\u4e3a\u559c\u3001\u4e50\uff0c<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\uff08\u79bb\u95f4\u8bed\uff09\u3001\u7c97\u6076\u8bed\u8005\u3001 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u79bb\u7c97\u6076\u8bed\u8005\u3001\u79bb\u7eee\u8bed\u8005 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e3a\u548c\u5408\u8bed\u8005\uff1b\u67d4\u548c\u987a\u8033\u3001\u4e50\u4e8e\u5165\u5fc3\uff0c<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u7eee\u8bed\u8005 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u4f18\u96c5\u4e3a\u4f17\u4eba\u6240\u6b32\u3001\u6240\u597d\uff1b\u5e94\u65f6\u8bed\u8005\u3001<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4f18\u96c5\u4e3a\u4f17\u4eba\u6240\u6b32\u3001\u6240\u597d\uff1b\u5e94\u65f6\u8bed\u8005\u3001<\/p>\n

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(70)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.I.p.415-419.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c10\uff0c\u9875174-178\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e03\u3001\u6b63\u5ff5\uff08samm\u0101-sati\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6b63\u5ff5\u7985\u4fee\uff08mindfullness meditation\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7cbe\u795e\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u5584\u4e8e\u89c2\u7167\u8eab\u5fc3\u7684\u8a00\u884c\u4e3e\u6b62\uff0c\u4f7f\u5185\u5728\u79c9\u6301\u4e00\u5fc3\u6e05\u51c0\u65e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u5916\u5728\u5949\u884c\u505a\u4e8b\u5c3d\u8d23\u5c3d\u529b\uff0c\u662f\u4f5b\u6cd5\u4fee\u884c\u7684\u5fc3\u8981\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u897f\u65b9\u533b\u5b66\u5df2\u7ecf\u6b63\u5f0f\u5c06\u6b63\u5ff5\u7985\u4fee\u7eb3\u5165\u533b\u7597\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u9ebb\u7701\u7406\u5de5\u5b66\u9662\u538b\u529b\u6cbb\u7597\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u4e54\u2022\u5361\u5df4\u91d1\u535a\u58eb\uff08Jon Kabat-Zinn\uff09\u4ece1979\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u6559\u5bfc\u6b63\u5ff5\u51cf\u538b\u6cd5\uff08MBSR\uff09\uff0c\u5c06\u6b63\u5ff5\u7985\u4fee\u5f15\u5165\u4e3b\u6d41\u533b\u7597\u754c\uff0c\u6574\u5408\u4f5b\u6559\u7985\u4fee\u548c\u5f53\u4ee3\u533b\u7597\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u521b\u7acb\u5d2d\u65b0\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u82f1\u7f8e\u4e3b\u6d41\u533b\u62a4\u754c\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7597\u4e0e\u54a8\u8be2\u8f85\u5bfc\u754c\u4ee5\u5404\u79cd\u5b9e\u8bc1\u5bf9\u8be5\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65e5\u76ca\u589e\u591a\u3002\u7b14\u8005\u5c06\u6b63\u5ff5\u4f5b\u6559\u539f\u672c\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u5f53\u4ee3\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u754c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6574\u7406\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

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\u00a0(71) \u201c\u6b63\u5ff5\u51cf\u538b\u6cd5\u201d(Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction\uff0cMBSR)\u3001\u201c\u6b63\u5ff5\u8ba4\u77e5\u7597\u6cd5\u201d(MBCT)\u3001\u201c\u6b63\u5ff5\u9884\u9632\u590d\u53d1\u201d (MBRP)\u3001\u201c\u6b63\u5ff5\u8001\u4eba\u7167\u987e\u201d(MBEC)\u3001\u201c\u6b63\u5ff5\u6162\u6027\u75bc\u75db\u63a7\u5236\u201d(MBCPM)\u3001\u201c\u6b63\u5ff5\u5fc3\u7406\u5065\u5eb7\u8bad\u7ec3\u201d(MMFT)\u7b49\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(72)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.II.p.290-315.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(73) \u201c\u4e8e\u884c\u8fdb\u5c65\u9000\u6709\u6b63\u77e5\uff0c\u4e8e\u89c2\u524d\u987e\u540e\u6709\u6b63\u77e5\uff0c\u4e8e\u4f38\u624b\u5c48\u81c2\u6709\u6b63\u77e5\uff0c\u4e8e\u7740\u8863\u6301\u94b5\u6709\u6b63\u77e5\uff0c\u4e8e\u98df\u56bc\u541e\u996e\u6709\u6b63\u77e5\uff0c\u4e8e\u884c\u5927\u5c0f\u4fbf\u6709\u6b63\u77e5\uff0c\u4e8e\u7761\u7720\u3001\u9192\u5be4\u3001\u884c\u3001\u6b62\u3001\u5750\u3001\u542c\u3001\u8a00\u3001\u9ed8\u6709\u6b63\u77e5\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u5982\u662f\u4e3a\u6bd4\u4e18\u6709\u6b63\u77e5\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.II.p.95.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(74) \u201c\u4e8e\u8eab\u89c2\u5bdf\u8eab\uff0c\u81ea\u89c9\u7cbe\u52e4\uff0c\u6b63\u77e5\u800c\u4f4f\uff0c\u6452\u5f03\u4e16\u4fd7\u8d2a\u6b32\u3001\u5fe7\u621a\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53d7\u2026\u2026\u4e43\u81f3\u2026\u2026\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5fc3\u2026\u2026\u4e43\u81f3\u2026\u2026\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6cd5\u89c2\u5bdf\u6cd5\uff0c\u81ea\u89c9\u7cbe\u52e4\uff0c\u6b63\u77e5\u800c\u4f4f\uff0c\u6452\u5f03\u4e16\u4fd7\u8d2a\u6b32\u3001\u5fe7\u621a\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u5982\u662f\u4e3a\u6bd4\u4e18\u6709\u6b63\u5ff5\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.II.p.94.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01.\u4e54\u2022\u5361\u5df4\u91d1\u535a\u58eb(75) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u76ee\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u8bc4\u5224\u7684\u5c06\u6ce8\u610f \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4ee5\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c06\u5fc3\u56de\u5f52\u5230\u8eab\u4f53\u4e0a\uff0c<\/p>\n

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\u5f53<\/p>\n

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\u5b66<\/p>\n

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\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a04.\u897f\u683c (Siegel,D.J.) (78) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u89c9\u77e5\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5bf9\u6240\u505a\u4e4b\u4e8b\u4fdd\u6301\u89c9\u5bdf\u3001 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5f53\u4e0b\u4fdd\u6301\u89c9\u77e5\u800c\u975e\u6267\u8457\u4e8e\u5224\u65ad\uff0c<\/p>\n

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(75)\uff3b\u7f8e\uff3d\u4e54\u00b7\u5361\u5df4\u91d1\uff08Jon Kabat-Zinn\uff09\u8457\uff0c\u96f7\u53d4\u4e91\u8bd1\uff0e\u6b63\u5ff5\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u6d77\u53e3\uff1a\u6d77\u5357\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2009\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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(78)\uff3b\u7f8e\uff3d\u897f\u683c\uff08Siegel\uff0cD.J.\uff09\u8457\uff0c\u6797\u9896\u8bd1\uff0e\u6b63\u5ff5\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7597\u5e08\uff1a\u4e34\u5e8a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u624b\u518c\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e \u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u8f7b\u5de5\u4e1a\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2013\uff1a1\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(79)\uff3b\u7f8e\uff3d\u6770\u514b\u00b7\u5eb7\u83f2\u5c14\u5fb7\uff08Kornfield\uff0cJ.\uff09\u8457\uff0c\u7ef4\u6c11\u8bd1\uff0e\u6167\u5fc3\u81ea\u5728\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u6d77\u53e3\uff1a\u6d77\u5357\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2011\uff1a84-93\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u6b63\u5ff5\u7985\u4fee\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u751f\u6d3b\u827a\u672f\uff0c\u7ed9\u81ea\u5df1\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u4e0e\u81ea\u5df1\u540c\u5728\uff0c\u65f6\u65f6\u523b\u523b\u8b66\u89c9\u8eab\u4e1a\u3001\u53e3\u4e1a\u3001\u610f\u4e1a\u3002\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4fdd\u6301\u660e\u89c9\u4e4b\u5fc3\u6001\uff0c\u89c2\u7167\u81ea\u8eab\u3001\u53d7\u3001\u5fc3\u3001\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ece\u89c9\u77e5\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u8eab\u5fc3\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u5766\u7136\u63a5\u7eb3\u5ba2\u89c2\u611f\u53d7\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ee5\u65e5\u5e38\u4e60\u6027\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u8fd9\u80fd\u626d\u8f6c\u4e0d\u9002\u7684\u51b2\u52a8\uff0c\u4ea6\u80fd\u907f\u514d\u60c5\u51b5\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u574f\u3002\u5f53\u4e0b\u6d1e\u5bdf\uff0c\u7528\u5173\u6000\u548c\u7406\u89e3\u5fc3\u6001\u5e76\u4ee5\u7406\u667a\u89c2\u5bdf\u5176\u56e0\u7f18\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u6280\u5de7\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5408\u9002\u56de\u5e94\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8ba9\u4e3b\u4f53\u6709\u5145\u8db3\u7a7a\u95f4\u53ef\u5982\u7406\u601d\u60df\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u9010\u6b65\u8fdc\u79bb\u5fe7\u8651\u3001\u538b\u529b\u3001\u60b2\u54c0\u3001\u75db\u82e6\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u5185\u5fc3\u5e73\u8861\u3001\u5b89\u5b81\u4e0e\u6ee1\u8db3\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u90fd\u662f\u4fee\u4e60\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u900f\u8fc7\u6b63\u5ff5\u89c2\u5bdf\u5f53\u4e0b\u8eab\u5fc3\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5b88\u62a4\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u601d\u60df\u4e0e\u8a00\u884c\uff0c\u80fd\u4fc3\u4f7f\u6210\u5c31\u201c\u6b63\u601d\u60df\u201d\u3001 \u201c\u6b63\u8bed\u201d\u3001\u201c\u6b63\u4e1a\u201d\u3002\u5728\u300a\u6e05\u51c0\u9053\u8bba\u300b\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u6b63\u5ff5\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u5fa1\u4e00\u5207\u8bf8\u7011\u6d41<\/p>\n

(80) \u845b\u5370\u5361\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a\u201c\u5f53\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u96c6\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc3\u601d\u5c31\u53d8\u5f97\u8b66\u89c9\u3001\u654f\u9510\uff0c\u6b64\u523b\u624d\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u6267\u884c\u6d1e\u5bdf\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u201d\uff3b\u7f8e\uff3d\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7\u54c8\u7279\uff08William Hart\uff09\u8457\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u5185\u89c2\u7985\u4fee\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5c0f\u7ec4\u8bd1\uff0e\u5185\u89c2\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u6d77\u53e3\uff1a\u6d77\u5357\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2009\uff1a10\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(81) \u4ea6\u662f\u820d\u89c9\u652f\uff08upekkh\u0101-sambojjha\u1e45ga\uff09\u3001\u820d\u68b5\u4f4f\uff08upekkh\u0101-brahmavih\u0101ra\uff09\u3001\u820d\u6ce2\u7f57\u871c\uff08upekkh\u0101-p\u0101ram\u012b\uff09\u7684\u6db5\u4e49\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(82)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.III.p.25-27.(Anupada sutta)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\uff08ogha\uff09\u3002\u6b63\u5ff5\u4fee\u4e60\u7684\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u5373\u6709\u5bfb\u6709\u4f3a\u800c\u8fdc\u79bb\u8bf8\u6b32\u53ca\u4e94\u76d6\u6076\u4e0d\u5584\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u6210\u5c31\u6b63\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u516b\u3001\u6b63\u5b9a\uff08samm\u0101-sam\u0101dhi\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d\u6b63\u5b9a\u662f\u4f9d\u6b63\u89c1\u3001\u6b63\u601d\u60df\u3001\u6b63\u8bed\u3001\u6b63\u4e1a\u3001\u6b63\u547d\u3001\u6b63\u7cbe\u8fdb\u3001\u6b63\u5ff5\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u8d44\u7cae\u800c\u6210\u5c31\u7684\u3002\u7985\u5b9a\u5c31\u662f\u8ba9\u5fc3\u6301\u7eed\u5b89\u9759\u5e76\u5b89\u4f4f\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e2a\u5b9a\u70b9\uff0c\u662f\u4e13\u5fc3\u575a\u5b9a\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u76f4\u5230\u5185\u5fc3\u900f\u5f7b\u660e\u4eae\uff0c\u4fbf\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4fe1\u5fc3\u3001\u529b\u91cf\u3001\u667a\u6167\u548c\u5feb\u4e50\u3002 \u5f53\u5fc3\u8fbe\u5230\u6781\u5ea6\u5b81\u9759\u4f1a\u8ba9\u5fc3\u8fdb\u5165\u6301\u7eed\u9759\u5b9a\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5fc3\u5165\u5b9a\u4e4b\u540e\u4f1a\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u70b9\u7279\u8d28\uff1a1.\u6e05\u51c0\uff0c2.\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c3.\u6709\u76ca\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5f00\u5c55\u3002\u672c\u6587\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u5df2\u5bf9\u6b63\u5b9a\u6709\u8be6\u7ec6\u9610\u8ff0\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u4e0d\u518d\u7d2f\u8d58\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b14\u8005\u7814\u7a76\u201c\u5f53\u4ee3\u4f5b\u6559\u6b63\u5ff5\u7985\u4fee\u5bf9\u4eba\u751f\u4e4b\u5f71\u54cd\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f53\u4ee3\u4f5b\u6559 \u201c\u56fd\u9645\u4f5b\u6cd5\u85aa\u4f20\u8005\uff08IDOP\uff09\u201d\u548c\u201c\u4e2d\u9053\u7985\u4fee\u8425\u201d\u7b49\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u6b63\u5ff5\u7985\u4fee\u5b9e<\/p>\n

(83) \u201c\u6df1\u96be\u5ea6\u6545\u3001\u987a\u6f02\u6d41\u6545\u3001\u6545\u540d\u7011\u6d41\u3002\u201d\u968f\u751f\u6b7b\u7011\u6d41\u6c34\u6f02\u6eba\u6d41\u52a8\uff0c\u662f\u7011\u6d41\u4e49\u3002\u7011\u6d41\u662f\u6307\u201c\u70e6\u607c\u201d\u628a\u4eba\u626b\u79bb\u89e3\u8131\u7684\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(84) \u89c9\u97f3\u5c0a\u8005\uff0e\u6e05\u51c0\u9053\u8bba\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u9ad8\u96c4\uff1a\u6b63\u89c9\u5b66\u4f1a\uff0c2000\uff1a8\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(85) \u5bfb\uff08vitakka\uff09\u5c06\u5fc3\u5b89\u7f6e\u9759\u6b62\u4e8e\u4e00\u70b9\u4e0a\uff0c\u6216\u5c06\u5fc3\u4e13\u6ce8\u6240\u7f18\u3002\u89c1\u83e9\u63d0\u6bd4\u4e18\u7f16\uff0c\u5bfb\u6cd5\u6bd4\u4e18\u8bd1\uff0e\u963f\u6bd7\u8fbe\u6469\u6982\u8981\u7cbe\u89e3\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u9ad8\u96c4\u5e02\uff1a\u6b63\u89c9\u5b66 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4f1a\uff0c2000\uff1a64\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(86) \u4f3a\uff08vic\u0101ra\uff09\u4f7f\u5fc3\u6301\u7eed\u5730\u4e13\u6ce8\uff0c\u4f7f\u5fc3\u6301\u7eed\u5730\u9759\u5b9a\u3002\u89c1\u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u987565\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(87)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.21.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(88) Phrabhavanaviriyakhun\uff08Phra Phadet Dattajeevo\uff09\uff0eThe Fruits of True Monhood \uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eBangkok : Dharmasarn\uff0c2003\uff1a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a078.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(89) Viriya Chinavanno\uff0eMeditation in the Tripitaka\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eBangkok:Chulalongkorn University\uff0c1990\uff1a55.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(90) \u91ca\u5fc3\u5e73\uff0e\u5f53\u4ee3\u4f5b\u6559\u6b63\u5ff5\u7985\u4fee\u5bf9\u4eba\u751f\u4e4b\u5f71\u54cd\uff3bJ\uff3d\uff0e\u6cd5\u97f3\uff0c2014\uff0c361\uff089\uff09\uff1a46-50\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(91) IDOP\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e3a\u671f30\u5929\uff082013\u5e747\u670814\u65e5\u81f38\u670814\u65e5\uff0c88\u4eba\u53c2\u52a0\uff09\uff0c\u524d15\u5929\u5b88\u6301\u516b\u5173\u658b\u6212\uff0c\u540e15\u5929\u53d7\u6301227\u6761\u6bd4\u4e18\u6212\uff0c\u6bcf\u5929\u6b63\u5f0f\u6b63\u5ff5\u7985\u4fee\u67094\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u51cc\u6668\u3001\u4e0a\u5348\u3001\u4e0b\u5348\u3001\u665a\u4e0a\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u6b63\u5f0f\u7985\u4fee\u5927\u698260-90\u5206\u949f\u3002\u53c2\u8003http:\/\/ordinationthai.org\/cn\/ \uff0c 2014 \/ 4 \/ 6.\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u6210\u529f\u4e3e\u529e\u5341\u4e09\u5c4a\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(92) \u6d3b\u52a8\u4e3a\u671f8\u5929\uff082013\u5e7412\u67088-15\u65e5\uff0c156\u4eba\u53c2\u52a0\uff09\uff0c\u5168\u7a0b\u5b88\u6301\u516b\u5173\u658b\u6212\uff0c\u6bcf\u5929\u6b63\u5f0f\u6b63\u5ff5\u7985\u4fee\u67094\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u51cc\u6668\u3001\u4e0a\u5348\u3001\u4e0b\u5348\u3001\u665a\u4e0a\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u9759\u4fee\u7ea660-90\u5206\u949f\u3002\u53c2\u8003 http:\/\/dmcchinese.tv\/zhongdao\/ \uff0c2014 \/ 4 \/ 6.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8df5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5178\u578b\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u5730\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u5176\u6548\u679c\u4e0e\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u8fd1\u4e24\u6b21\u6d3b\u52a8\u5171\u6709244\u4eba\u53c2\u52a0\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u53d1\u73b0\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u591a\u6570\u8868\u793a\u7985\u4fee\u6536\u83b7\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u53ef\u5f52\u7eb3\u4e3a\u4e94\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6574\u7406\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u9898\u53f7 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u9879\u76ee \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u65e0\u5f71\u54cd \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0d\u5927 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6709\u5e2e\u52a9 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5f88\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u8eab\u4f53\u5065\u5eb7\u5c42\u9762\uff0894\uff09 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1.5% \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a04% \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a024.5% \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a070%<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 2 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u60c5\u7eea\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u9053\u5fb7\u611f\u5c42\u9762\uff0895\uff09 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 2% \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 4.2% \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a021.85% \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 71.95%<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 3 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4eba\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u5c42\u9762\uff0896\uff09 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 3% \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 4% \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 24% \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a069%<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 4 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4eba\u751f\u89c2\u5c42\u9762\uff0897\uff09 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 2.53% \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a04.41% \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a022.73% \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 70.33%<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 5 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5de5\u4f5c\u5c42\u9762\uff0898\uff09 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 2.5% \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a04.25% \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a025.25% \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a068%<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4ece\u8868\u4e0a\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u6b63\u5ff5\u7985\u4fee\u4f1a\u8ba9\u81ea\u5df1\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u8eab\u4e0e\u5fc3\u8054\u7ed3\u3001\u57f9\u517b\u5fc3\u667a\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e2e\u52a9\u5fc3\u667a\u53d1\u5c55\u4e0e\u53cd\u601d\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5584\u5de7\u7ec3\u4e60\u3002\u6b63\u5ff5\u7985\u4fee\u5bf9\u8eab\u5fc3\u4ea7\u751f\u6b63\u9762\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u80fd\u57f9\u517b\u5584\u5fc3\u3001\u6b63\u601d\u60df\uff0c\u795b\u9664\u4e0d\u5584\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u7279\u8d28\u3001\u90aa\u601d\u60df\u3002\u8d1f\u9762\u601d\u60df\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u60c5\u7eea\u548c\u8eab\u4f53\u5065\u5eb7\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u80fd\u591f\u5f15\u53d1\u8eab\u5fc3\u75c5\u60a3\u3002\u5b9e\u8bc1\u79d1\u5b66\u8868<\/p>\n

(93) \u6b63\u5ff5\u7985\u4fee\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u6b63\u5f0f\u7985\u4fee\u65f6\uff0c\u653e\u5f00\u5fc3\u7075\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u5f53\u4e0b\u89c9\u77e5\u89c2\u7167\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u8eab\u5fc3\u653e\u677e\uff0c\u653e\u4e0b\u65e0\u6267\uff0c\u8ba9\u5fc3\u559c\u60a6\u5f00\u6717\u3001\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u5b81\u9759\u4e13\u6ce8\u3001\u6301\u7eed\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u9759\u5b9a\u5728\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u70b9\u4ee5\u53ca\u4fee\u6148\u60b2\u89c2\u3002\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u884c\u4f4f\u5750\u5367\u968f\u65f6\u4fdd\u6301\u89c9\u9192\u548c\u5b81\u9759\u7684\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5e73\u8861\u8eab\u5fc3\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(94) \u8eab\u4f53\u5065\u5eb7\u5c42\u9762\uff1a\u5e73\u8861\u8eab\u5fc3\u5065\u5eb7\uff0c\u611f\u5230\u653e\u677e\u3001\u7761\u7720\u8d28\u91cf\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(95) \u60c5\u7eea\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u9053\u5fb7\u611f\u5c42\u9762\uff1a\u8ba9\u5fc3\u5883\u7a33\u5b9a\u3001\u66f4\u8ba4\u8bc6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5fc3\uff0c\u61c2\u5f97\u60c5\u7eea\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u8eab\u5fc3\u8f7b\u5b89\u3001\u51cf\u5c11\u7126\u8651\u70e6\u607c\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u7d27\u5f20\uff1b\u611f\u5230\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u81ea\u6211\u53cd\u7701\u3001\u5fc3\u529b\u589e\u957f\u3001\u63d0\u5347\u4e2a\u4eba\u54c1\u683c\u7d20\u517b\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u5f53\u4ee3\u7684\u201c\u60c5\u5546\u201d\uff08Emotional Quotient\uff0cEQ\uff09\uff0c\u201c\u9006\u5883\u5904\u7406\u667a\u5546\u201d\uff08Adversity Quotient\uff09\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(96) \u4eba\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u5c42\u9762\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5bb6\u5ead\u548c\u8c10\u3001\u548c\u4eba\u4e92\u52a8\u3001\u826f\u597d\u7684\u4eba\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u5f53\u4ee3\u7684\u201c\u793e\u4ea4\u5546\u201d\uff08Social Quotient\uff0cSQ\uff09\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(97) \u4eba\u751f\u89c2\u5c42\u9762\uff1a\u57f9\u517b\u79ef\u6781\u6b63\u9762\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u89c2\uff0c\u4f53\u73b0\u751f\u547d\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u4e0e\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u575a\u5b9a\u4eba\u751f\u53d6\u5411\uff0c\u51c0\u5316\u5fc3\u7075\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u5fc3\u7075\u5145\u5b9e\u611f\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u5f53\u4ee3\u7684\u201c\u9053\u5fb7\u5546\u201d\uff08Moral Quotient\uff0cMQ\uff09\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(98) \u5de5\u4f5c\u5c42\u9762\uff1a\u63d0\u5347\u5de5\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u3001\u601d\u8003\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u3001\u53d1\u6325\u5185\u5728\u6f5c\u80fd\u3001\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u751f\u547d\u521b\u9020\u529b\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u5f53\u4ee3\u7684\u201c\u521b\u9020\u5546\u201d\uff08Creativity Quotient\uff0cCQ\uff09\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u7985\u4fee\u65f6\uff0c\u8eab\u5fc3\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u6df1\u5ea6\u653e\u677e\uff0c\u8111\u90e8\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u03b1\u8111\u6ce2\uff0c\u6b64\u8111\u6ce2\u8d77\u4e3b\u5bfc\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4f7f\u8111\u90e8\u7684\u6f5c\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u5f00\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7597\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u6b63\u5ff5\u7985\u4fee\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u80fd\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e2a\u4eba\u514d\u4e8e\u75db\u82e6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u79ef\u6781\u9762\u5bf9\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u9762\u5bf9\u632b\u6298\u6216\u8d1f\u9762\u611f\u53d7\u65f6\uff0c\u80fd\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u81ea\u6211\u8c03\u8282\u4e0e\u5e73\u8861\u60c5\u7eea\u3002\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u4ece\u4e8b\u7985\u4fee\u8bad\u7ec3\u8005\u6bd4\u5e38\u4eba\u66f4\u5feb\u4e50\u3001\u66f4\u6709\u6ee1\u8db3\u611f\u3002\u5bf9\u8eab\u5fc3\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u79ef\u6781\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6539\u5584\u8d1f\u9762\u60c5\u7eea\uff0c\u589e\u5f3a\u79ef\u6781\u60c5\u7eea\uff0c\u53ef\u5f3a\u5316\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7edf\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4fee\u70bc\u8005\u9884\u9632\u611f\u5192\u3001\u6d41\u611f\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u75be\u75c5\u3002\u6b63\u5ff5\u7ec3\u4e60\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f3a\u5316\u76ee\u7684\u611f\uff0c\u524a\u5f31\u9694\u79bb\u611f\u548c\u758f\u8fdc\u611f\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u8f7b\u5404\u79cd\u75be\u75c5\u75c7\u72b6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5934\u75db\u3001\u80f8\u75db\u3001\u5145\u8840\u548c\u865a\u5f31\u3002\u6b63\u5ff5\u7985\u4fee\u9664\u4e86\u6539\u5584\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u6b63\u5ff5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u80fd\u529b\u4e5f\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u6b63\u5ff5\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6291\u90c1\u75c7\u60a3\u8005\u8fbe\u5230\u6709\u6548\u6cbb\u7597\u6291\u90c1\u75c7\u548c\u9632\u6b62\u6291\u90c1\u590d\u53d1\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u672c\u6b21\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff1a\u6b63\u5ff5\u7985\u4fee\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u5f53\u4ee3\u4eba\u53bb\u4eb2\u8eab\u4f53\u9a8c\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u7985\u4fee\u4f53\u9a8c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u751f\u6d3b\u4e0a\u76f8\u5f53\u53d7\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u6b63\u5ff5\u7985\u4fee\u751f\u5b58\u81f3\u4eca\u4e4b\u610f\u4e49\u548c\u4ef7\u503c\u6240\u5728\uff0c\u4ea6\u662f\u4f5b\u6559\u7cbe\u795e\u5173\u6000\u3001\u79ef\u6781\u5165\u4e16\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u4f53\u73b0\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u4f5b\u6559\u5bfa\u9662\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u9759\u4fee\u3001\u533b\u7597\u673a\u6784\u4e5f\u5728\u79ef\u6781\u63a8\u52a8\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u5927\u4f17\u4f53\u9a8c\u6b63\u5ff5\u9759\u5750\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0e\u673a\u4f1a\u3002<\/p>\n

(99) James H. Austin \u8457\uff0c\u6731\u8ffa\u6b23\u7f16\u8bd1\uff0e\u7985\u4e0e\u8111\uff1a\u5f00\u609f\u5982\u4f55\u6539\u53d8\u5927\u8111\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\uff1a\u8fdc\u6d41\uff0c2007\uff1a74-75.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(100) James H. Austin \u8457\uff0c\u6731\u8ffa\u6b23\u7f16\u8bd1\uff0e\u7985\u4e0e\u8111\uff1a\u5f00\u609f\u5982\u4f55\u6539\u53d8\u5927\u8111\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\uff1a\u8fdc\u6d41\uff0c2007\uff1a74-75.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(101) \u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u89c1Davidson\uff0cR. J.\uff0cKabat-Zinn\uff0cJ.\uff0cSchumacher\uff0cJ.\uff0c Rosenkranz\uff0cM\uff0cMuller\uff0cD.\uff0cSantorelli\uff0c S. F.\uff0c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Urbanowski\uff0cF.\uff0cHarrington\uff0cA.\uff0cBonus\uff0cK.& Sheridan\uff0cJ. F.\uff0e\u201c\u6b63\u5ff5\u7985\u4fee\u5bf9\u5927\u8111\u53d8\u5316\u4e0e\u514d\u75ab\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u201d\uff3bJ\uff3d\uff0e \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Psychosomatic Medicine\uff0c2003\uff0c65\uff1a567-570.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(102) \u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u987551\u3002\u89c1Fredrickson\uff0cB. L.\uff0cCohn\uff0cM. A.\uff0cPek\uff0cJ. & Finkel\uff0cS. M.\uff0e
\n\u201c\u901a\u8fc7\u5f00\u653e\u80f8\u6000\u5efa\u8bbe\u751f\u6d3b\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u7231\u5fc3\u4e0e\u5584\u610f\u7985\u4fee\u57f9\u517b\u79ef\u6781\u60c5\u611f\u6709\u6548\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2a\u4eba\u8d44\u6e90\u201d \uff3bJ\uff3d\uff0eJournal of Personality and Social \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Psychology\uff0c2008\uff0c95\uff1a1045-1062.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(103) \u6c6a\u82ac\u3001\u9ec4\u5b87\u971e\uff0e\u6b63\u5ff5\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u548c\u8111\u673a\u5236\uff3bJ\uff3d\uff0e\u5fc3\u7406\u79d1\u5b66\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c2011\uff0c19\uff0811\uff09\uff1a1637\u3002 \u89c1Watkins\uff0cE.\uff0cTeasdale\uff0cJ. D.\uff0c& \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Williams\uff0cR. M.\uff0eDecentring and distraction reduce overgeneral autobiographical memory in depression\uff3bJ\uff3d\uff0e \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Psychological Medicine\uff0c2000\uff0c30\uff1a911\u2013920.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5c0f \u7ed3<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u4eba\u751f\u7684\u6b63\u8f68\u9053\uff0c\u80fd\u4ee4\u4eba\u5efa\u7acb\u5bf9\u751f\u547d\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u601d\u60df\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u8a00\u884c\u4e3e\u6b62\uff0c\u6b63\u5f53\u7684\u751f\u8ba1\uff0c\u53ca\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u5927\u4f17\u8d1f\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u5fc3\u6001\u3002\u6b64\u79cd\u6559\u80b2\u89c2\u5ff5\u5bf9\u5f53\u4eca\u793e\u4f1a\u6765\u8bf4\u5c24\u5176\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u5e03\u514b\u2022T\u2022\u534e\u76db\u987f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u6811\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u610f\u8bc6\u6bd4\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\u60c5\u90fd\u91cd\u8981\u201d\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u6811\u7acb\u57f9\u517b\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u5fc3\u667a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u53ef\u89e3\u51b3\u4eba\u751f\u7684\u56db\u5927\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/p>\n

1.\u89c2\u5ff5\u3001\u601d\u60f3\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7406\u6027\u4e0a\u7684\u6323\u624e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u7406\u8bba\u3001\u903b\u8f91\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u6b63\u89c1\u3001\u6b63\u601d\u60df\u80fd\u5904\u7406\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u89c2\u5ff5\u53ca\u601d\u60f3\u4e0a\u7684\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u7406\u5ff5\u3001\u7406\u667a\u60c5\u64cd\uff0c\u6709\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u5fc3\u667a\uff0c\u4ece\u56f0\u6270\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u89e3\u8131\u3002<\/p>\n

2.\u5171\u4f4f\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u751f\u6d3b\u4e0a\uff0c\u505a\u4eba\u5904\u4e8b\uff0c\u8d23\u4efb\u611f\u4e0d\u5f3a\u3001\u6177\u6168\u3001\u5173\u6000\u7684\u7f3a\u5931\u5bfc\u81f4\u4eba\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0d\u534f\u8c03\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u9053\u5fb7\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u6323\u624e\u3002\u800c\u6b63\u8bed\u3001\u6b63\u4e1a\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u751f\u6d3b\u4e0a\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u662f\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u3001\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u4fee\u517b\u3002<\/p>\n

3.\u751f\u8ba1\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u6b63\u547d\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4eba\u61c2\u5f97\u6b63\u5f53\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\uff0c\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u61c2\u5f97\u52aa\u529b\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5584\u5de7\u7406\u8d22\uff0c\u7ed3\u4ea4\u5584\u77e5\u8bc6\u7b49\uff0c\u53ef\u51cf\u8f7b\u6216\u9664\u6389\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

4.\u5fc3\u7406\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u5fc3\u7406\u4e0a\u7684\u82e6\u607c\u3001\u56f0\u60d1\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u7eea\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u60c5\u611f\u7684\u6323\u624e\u3002\u6b63\u7cbe\u8fdb\u3001\u6b63\u5ff5\u3001\u6b63\u5b9a\u5904\u7406\u5fc3\u7406\u4e0a\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u70e6\u607c\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u4fee\u70bc\uff1b\u662f\u4f7f\u751f\u547d\u6d3b\u5f97\u5145\u5206\uff0c\u5fc3\u7075\u5bcc\u8db3\u3001\u6269\u5c55\u5e78\u798f\u611f\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u4fee\u884c\u516b\u6b63\u9053\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u81ea\u6211\u6574\u5408\uff0c\u4e14\u80fd\u4fc3\u8fdb\u81ea\u6211\u8eab\u5fc3\u548c\u8c10\u3001\u4eba\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u8c10\u3001\u4eba\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u8c10\u3001\u4eba\u4e0e\u81ea\u7136\u548c\u8c10\u3002\u7b14\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d\u7684\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u6559\u80b2<\/p>\n

(104) Booker Taliaferro Washington\uff0c\uff081856\u5e744\u67085\u65e5\uff0d1915\u5e7411\u670814\u65e5\uff09\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u5bb6\u548c\u4f5c\u5bb6\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

(105)\uff3b\u7f8e\uff3d\u53f2\u8482\u82ac\u00b7\u67ef\u7ef4\u8457\uff0c\u4e01\u5eb7\u5409\u8bd1\uff0e7\u4e2a\u4e60\u60ef\u6559\u51fa\u4f18\u79c0\u5b66\u751f\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u9752\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2009\uff1a61\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u662f\u5ba2\u89c2\u4e2d\u6027\u7684\u4eba\u683c\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u4e0d\u9650\u79cd\u65cf\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u3001\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3001\u8d2b\u5bcc\u3001\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u7686\u4fee\u5b66\uff0c\u4e14\u53ef\u83b7\u5f97\u540c\u6837\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5373\u4eca\u751f\u5b89\u4e50\uff0c\u6765\u751f\u5e78\u798f\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u80fd\u89e3\u7f1a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u53ef\u8ba9\u4eba\u4eec\u83b7\u5f97\u5706\u6ee1\u7684\u4eba\u751f\uff0c\u4ece\u4eba\u751f\u89c2\u3001\u4e16\u754c\u89c2\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\uff0c\u601d\u60df\u6a21\u5f0f\u76f4\u5230\u6b63\u5ff5\u7985\u4fee\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u589e\u8fdb\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u8c10\uff0c\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u8eab\u5fc3\u5b89\u4e50\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u89e3\u51b3\u751f\u547d\u4e2d\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u7075\u6027\u542f\u609f\uff0c\u662f\u7b80\u6613\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5b9e\u4fee\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u662f\u4f5b\u6559\u4fee\u5b66\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u91cd\u89c6\u5e76\u4fee\u5b66\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u7b2c\u4e8c\u8282 \u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5f53\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u5a92\u4f53\u3001\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u65e5\u65b0\u6708\u5f02\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u6280\u672f\u878d\u5165\u4e86\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u7ed9\u4eba\u7c7b\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u6587\u5316\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u601d\u60f3\u3001\u884c\u4e3a\u3001\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u5e26\u6765\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u4f53\u7cfb\u5df2\u5f15\u8d77\u9f13\u52b1\u5962\u4f88\u6d88\u8d39\u7684\u6f6e\u6d41\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u5185\u5fc3\u9053\u5fb7\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u5f62\u5177\u6709\u4e24\u9762\u6027\uff0c\u82e5\u4e0d\u4ee5\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u534f\u8c03\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u5404\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f5b\u6559\u4f5c\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u6210\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5e94\u8d1f\u62c5\u8d77\u5173\u6000\u793e\u4f1a\u5927\u4f17\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4f5b\u6559\u4ece\u53e4\u81f3\u4eca\u4e00\u8d2f\u7684\u4f7f\u547d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u4eca\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8fc5\u901f\u53d8\u8fc1\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u53d1\u8bf8\u591a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f5b\u6559\u770b\u5f85\u751f\u547d\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8ba4\u6e05\u5176\u6709\u6df1\u6d45\u4e0d\u4e00\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\u5fc5\u987b\u5168\u9762\u5730\u89c2\u7167\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u5c06\u5206\u56db\u70b9\u9610\u8ff0\uff1a1.\u7ecf\u6d4e\u95ee\u9898\uff0c2.\u793e\u4f1a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c3.\u98ce\u6c14\u95ee\u9898\uff0c4. \u8eab\u5fc3\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

1.\u7ecf\u6d4e\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u77e5\u91cf\uff08\u5373\u4e0d\u660e\u786e\u591a\u5c11\u4e3a\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u201c\u5206\u91cf\u201d\u6216 \u201c\u5c3a\u5ea6\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u8fc7\u5ea6\uff09\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u56db\u4e8b\uff08\u8863\u3001\u98df\u3001\u4f4f\u3001\u836f\uff09\uff0c\u4e0d\u61c2\u5f97\u533a\u5206\u201c\u9700\u8981\u201d\u548c\u201c\u60f3\u8981\u201d\u3002\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u7269\u8d28\u5316\u4ef7\u503c\u53d6\u5411\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u7269\u8d28\u7d22\u53d6\u65e0\u5ea6\uff0c\u82e5\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u89c4\u5212\u3001\u81ea\u5f8b\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u5165\u4e0d\u6577\u51fa\u7684\u5962\u4f88\u884c\u4e3a\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7ecf\u6d4e\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

2.\u793e\u4f1a\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u5f53\u5bf9\u7269\u8d28\u7d22\u53d6\u65e0\u5ea6\uff0c\u65e0\u6687\u987e\u53ca\u7cbe\u795e\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u81ea\u6211\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0d\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u8ffd\u6c42\u8d22\u7269\uff0c\u4e0d\u987e\u9053\u5fb7\u5730\u8c0b\u5229\uff0c\u4e5f\u5bfc\u81f4\u793e\u4f1a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u5c5e\u4e8e\u90aa\u547d\uff08\u5373\u4ece\u4e8b\u4e0d\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\uff09\u8c0b\u751f\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

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(106) \u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6b64\u7b49\u662f\u4e3a\u751f\u6b63\u89c1\u4e4b\u4e8c\u79cd\u7f18\u3002\u4e91\u4f55\u4e3a\u4e8c\u79cd\u7f18\u8036\uff1f\u4ece\u4ed6\u800c\u6765\u4e4b\u58f0\uff08parato ghosa\uff09\u4e0e\u5982\u7406\u4f5c\u610f\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6b64\u7b49\u662f\u4e3a\u751f\u6b63\u89c1\u4e4b\u4e8c\u79cd\u7f18\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5e A.I.p.87.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c19\uff0c\u9875126\uff1b\u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u592a\u9633\u4e0a\u5347\u65f6\uff0c\u5148\u9a71\u4e4b\u524d\u76f8\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u660e\u76f8\u51fa\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u5982\u662f\u6bd4\u4e18\u8d77\u516b\u652f\u5723\u9053\u65f6\uff0c\u5148\u9a71\u4e4b\u524d\u76f8\u662f\u5584\u53cb\u2026\u2026\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u5982\u662f\u6709\u5584\u53cb\u4e4b\u6bd4\u4e18\uff0c\u4fee\u4e60\u516b\u652f\u5723\u9053\uff0c\u591a\u4fee\u516b\u652f\u5723\u9053\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5e S.V.p.29-30.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c17\uff0c\u9875163\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5e S.V.p.31.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(107) \u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u592a\u9633\u4e0a\u5347\u65f6\uff0c\u5148\u9a71\u4e4b\u524d\u76f8\uff0c\u5373\u660e\u76f8\u51fa\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18!\u5982\u662f\u6bd4\u4e18\uff0c\u8d77\u516b\u652f\u5723\u9053\u65f6\uff0c\u5148\u9a71\u4e4b\u524d\u76f8\u662f\u5982\u7406\u4f5c\u610f\u5177\u8db3\u3002\u2026\u2026\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18!\u5982\u662f\u5982\u7406\u4f5c\u610f\u5177\u8db3\u4e4b\u6bd4\u4e18\uff0c\u4fee\u4e60\u516b\u652f\u5723\u9053\u3001\u591a\u4fee\u516b\u652f\u5723\u9053\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5e S.V.p.31.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c17\uff0c\u9875165\u3002\u300a\u5982\u7406(\u4e00)\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

(108) \u201c\u9632\u62a4\u8bf8\u6839\u95e8\u5373\u662f\u6bd4\u4e18\u4ee5\u773c\u89c1\u8272\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u53d6\u4e8e\u76f8\uff0c\u4e0d\u53d6\u7ec6\u76f8\u3002\u9632\u62a4\u773c\u6839\uff0c\u4ee4\u8fbe\u773c\u6839\u4e4b\u9632\u62a4\u3002\u82e5\u653e\u9038\u4e0d\u5b88\u62a4\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u8d2a\u7231\u3001\u5fe7\u60b2\u6240\u4fb5\u88ad\u4e4b\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u4ee5\u8033\u95fb\u58f0\u65f6\u2026\u2026\u4e43\u81f3\u2026\u2026\u4ee5\u9f3b\u55c5\u9999\u2026\u2026\u4e43\u81f3\u2026\u2026\u4ee5\u820c\u5c1d\u5473\u2026\u2026\u4e43\u81f3\u2026\u2026\u4ee5\u8eab\u63a5\u89e6\u2026\u2026\u4e43\u81f3\u2026\u2026\u4ee5\u610f\u77e5\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u53d6\u4e8e\u76f8\uff0c\u4e0d\u53d6\u7ec6\u76f8\u3002\u9632\u62a4\u610f\u6839\uff0c\u4ee4\u8fbe\u610f\u6839\u4e4b\u9632\u62a4\u3002\u82e5\u653e\u9038\u4e0d\u5b88\u62a4\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u8d2a\u7231\u3001\u5fe7\u60b2\u6240\u4fb5\u88ad\u4e4b\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u6bd4\u4e18\u4f9d\u6b64\u5723\u5177\u8db3\u8bf8\u6839\u4e4b\u9632\u62a4\uff0c\u611f\u53d7\u5185\u5fc3\u65e0\u57a2\u7eaf\u51c0\u4e4b\u5b89\u4e50\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5e D.I.p.70.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4ece\u4e0a\u8868\u53ef\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u56db\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u6216\u82e6\u4e4b\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\uff1a\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u81ea\u6211\u63a7\u5236\uff1b\u73af\u5883\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u8bf1\u60d1\u548c\u5f71\u54cd\u50ac\u751f\u8d77\u5185\u5fc3\u70e6\u607c\u548c\u6b32\u671b\u7684\u903c\u8feb\uff1b\u5f53\u4ee3\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u7684\u6e32\u67d3\u5f15\u8d77\u5962\u4f88\u884c\u4e3a\uff1b\u56e0\u4e0d\u61c2\u533a\u5206\u201c\u9700\u8981\u201d\u548c\u201c\u60f3\u8981\u201d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u586b\u8865\u7a7a\u865a\u4e0d\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42\uff0c\u5c31\u4ee5\u7b80\u4fbf\u800c\u4e0d\u5f53\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6b32\u4e4b\u7269\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u5bfc\u81f4\u793e\u4f1a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6076\u6027\u5faa\u73af\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u6b64\uff0c\u4f5b\u6559\u6709\u6574\u4f53\u89e3\u51b3\u793e\u4f1a\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5373\u4ee5\u4f5b\u6559\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff1a\u6212\u3001\u5b9a\u3001\u6167\u4e09\u5b66\uff08Ti-sikkh\u0101\uff09\u4e3a\u539f\u5219\u3002Sikkh\u0101\u610f\u4e3a\u201c\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u201d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u8282\u4e3a(sa+ikkha+\u0101)\uff0csa\u610f\u6307\u201c\u81ea\u5df1\u201d\uff0cikkha\u610f\u6307\u201c\u770b\u3001\u89c1\uff0c\u6ce8\u89c6\u7740\u201d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u4e4b\u542b\u4e49\u662f\u81ea\u6211\u5173\u7167\u3001\u81ea\u5f8b\u53ca\u53d1\u5c55\u81ea\u8eab\u3002\u4f5b\u6559\u6559\u80b2\u5373\u53d1\u5c55\u81ea\u8eab\uff0c\u591a\u591a\u81ea\u6211\u53cd\u7701\u3001\u57f9\u517b\u5584\u826f\u4e60\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u80fd\u5b9e\u9645\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u662f\u9010\u6b65\u8ba4\u77e5\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u61c2\u5f97\u81ea\u6211\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u4f9d\u4e09\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u81ea\u8eab\u3002\u4e09\u5b66\u5177\u4f53\u6307\u6212\u5b66\uff08s\u012bla sikkh\u0101\uff09\u3001\u5b9a\u5b66\uff08sam\u0101dhi sikkh\u0101\uff09\u3001\u6167\u5b66\uff08pa\u00f1\u00f1\u0101 sikkh\u0101\uff09\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3001\u5171\u540c\u589e\u4e0a\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f5b\u6559\u9884\u9632\u95ee\u9898\u4ea7\u751f\u662f\u9075\u7167\u201c\u9632\u62a4\u3001\u5f8b\u4eea\u3001\u6444\u62a4\u201d\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e2a\u4eba\u8eab\u5fc3\u3001\u73af\u5883\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u56db\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u5f52\u7ed3\u4e3a\u5982\u4e0b\u56db\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff1a1.\u9053\u5fb7\u5931\u843d\u4e4b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c2.\u4fe1\u606f\u6cdb\u6ee5\u5f15\u53d1\u4e4b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c3.\u5de5\u4f5c\u8c0b\u751f\u4e4b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c4.\u4e0d\u77e5\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u56db\u4e8b\u4e4b\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5bf9\u6b64\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u5c06\u8bd5\u8ff0\u56db\u904d\u6e05\u51c0\u6212\uff08catup\u0101risuddhis\u012bla\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u62a4\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u800c\u52a0\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u3002<\/p>\n

1.\u6ce2\u7f57\u63d0\u6728\u53c9\u5f8b\u4eea\u6212\uff08p\u0101timokkhasa\u1e41varas\u012bla\uff09\uff1a\u5b88\u62a4\u6212\u5f8b\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fdd\u53cd\u9053\u5fb7\u884c\u4e3a\u3001\u793c\u4eea\u3002<\/p>\n

2.\u6839\u5f8b\u4eea\u6212\uff08indriyasa\u1e41varas\u012bla\uff09\uff1a\u4ee5\u6b63\u5ff5\u9632\u62a4\u516d\u6839\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fce\u53ef\u559c\u3001\u4e0d\u62d2\u53ef\u538c\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\uff08\u63a5\u89e6\u5916\u5883\u65f6\uff0c\u5b88\u62a4\u516d\u6839\u4e0d\u8ba9\u6076\u6cd5\uff08\u70e6\u607c\uff09\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u4fb5\u88ad\u3002(109)<\/p>\n

(109) \u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6bd4\u4e18\u7531\u5982\u7406\u7701\u5bdf\u4e8e\u81ea\u6211\u9632\u62a4\u516d\u6839\u800c\u4f4f\u3002\u82e5\u4e0d\u9632\u62a4\u516d\u6839\uff0c\u4fbf\u5fe7\u4f24\u82e6\u607c\u4e4b\u8bf8\u6f0f\u751f\u8d77\uff1b\u82e5\u4f4f\u4e8e\u9632\u62a4\u516d\u6839\uff0c\u5219\u6b64\u7b49\u5fe7\u4f24\u82e6\u607c\u4e4b\u8bf8\u6f0f\u4e0d\u751f\u8d77\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6b64\u7b49\u4e43\u8c13\u6f0f\uff0c\u7531\u9632\u62a4\u800c\u820d\u79bb\u4e5f\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5e M.I.p.9.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c9\uff0c\u987510\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a03.\u751f\u5b58\u904d\u51c0\u6212\uff08\u0101j\u012bvaparisuddhis\u012bla\uff09\uff1a\u4ee5\u6b63\u5f53\u65b9\u5f0f\u751f\u5b58\uff0c\u6e05\u51c0\u5730\u8fc7\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4e0d\u81ea\u5bb3\u5bb3\u4ed6\u3002<\/p>\n

4.\u8d44\u5177\u4f9d\u6b62\u6212\uff08paccayasannissitas\u012bla\uff09\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u8863\u3001\u98df\u3001\u4f4f\u3001\u836f\uff08\u6216\u65e5\u5e38\u5fc5\u9700\u54c1\uff09\u4e4b\u524d\u3001\u4e4b\u65f6\u3001\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u9002\u5f53\u5730\u7701\u5bdf\u8fd0\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u968f\u70e6\u607c\u4e4b\u4eab\u7528\u3002\u6b64\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u5065\u5eb7\u3001\u9002\u5ea6\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u6d88\u8d39\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f5b\u6559\u6240\u63d0\u5021\u7684\u201c\u77e5\u91cf\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u56db\u904d\u6e05\u51c0\u6212 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>\u6301\u6212\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u00a0\uff08\u4f5c\u7528\uff09 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5bf9\u6cbb\u751f\u547d\u7684\u95ee\u9898 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6210\u5c31\u4e4b\u5173\u952e<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u6ce2\u7f57\u63d0\u6728\u53c9\u5f8b\u4eea\u6212 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u80fd\u63a7\u5236\u81ea\u8eab\u3001\u53e3 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u9053\u5fb7\u5931\u843d\u4e4b\u95ee\u9898 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4f9d \u201c\u4fe1\u201d \u800c\u6210 (111)<\/li>\n
  2. \u6839\u5f8b\u4eea\u6212 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u80fd\u9002\u5e94\u53ca\u7ba1\u7406\u73af\u5883 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u73af\u5883\u5f15\u53d1\u4e4b\u95ee\u9898 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4f9d \u201c\u6b63\u5ff5\u201d \u800c\u6210(112)<\/li>\n
  3. \u751f\u5b58\u904d\u51c0\u6212 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u80fd\u6e05\u51c0\u5982\u6cd5\u8ffd\u5bfb \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u8c0b\u751f\uff08\u804c\u4e1a\uff09\u4e4b\u95ee\u9898 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4f9d \u201c\u7cbe\u8fdb\u201d \u800c\u6210(113)<\/li>\n
  4. \u8d44\u5177\u4f9d\u6b62\u6212 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u80fd\u7ba1\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\u56db\u4e8b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4f7f\u7528\u56db\u4e8b\uff08\u8863\u3001\u98df\u3001\u4f4f\u3001\u836f\uff09\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4f9d\u201c\u667a\u6167\u201d\u800c\u6210(114) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e4b\u95ee\u9898<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    (110) \u201c\u6bd4\u4e18\u4ee5\u5982\u7406\u7701\u601d\u800c\u4ee5\u6b63\u5f53\u53d7\u7528\u8888\u88df\uff0c\u5373\u552f\u4e3a\u9632\u5bd2\u6691\uff0c\u53c8\u4e3a\u9632\u867b\u3001\u868a\u3001\u98ce\u3001\u70ed\u3001\u86c7\u4e4b\u6240\u89e6\uff0c\u53c8\u552f\u4e3a\u8986\u5e26\u88c6\uff1b\u53c8\uff0c\u7531\u5982\u7406\u7701\u601d\u800c\u4ee5\u6b63\u5f53\u53d7\u7528\u996e\u98df\u3001\u975e\u4e3a\u5b09\u620f\u3001\u975e\u4e3a\u80a5\u60a6\u3001\u975e\u4e3a\u865a\u9970\u3002\u552f\u4e3a\u6b64\u8eab\u4e4b\u4e45\u4f4f\u3001\u4fdd\u517b\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u4f24\u5bb3\u3001\u4e3a\u52a9\u68b5\u884c\u6545\u3002\u5373\uff1a\u2018\u6211\u4ee5\u5982\u662f\u706d\u6545\u75db\uff0c\u4f7f\u65b0\u75db\u4e0d\u751f\uff0c\u53c8\u4f7f\u6211\u4e4b\u751f\u6daf\u65e0\u8fc7\u9519\u800c\u5b89\u7a33\u3002\u2019\u53c8\uff0c\u7531\u5982\u7406\u7701\u601d\u800c\u6b63\u5f53\u53d7\u7528\u5e8a\u5ea7\uff0c\u4e43\u552f\u4e3a\u9632\u5bd2\u3001\u6691\uff0c\u53c8\u9632\u867b\u3001\u868a\u3001\u98ce\u3001\u70ed\u3001\u86c7\u4e4b\u6240\u89e6\uff0c\u9a71\u9664\u65f6\u8282\u4e4b\u5371\u9669\u53ca\u552f\u4e3a\u7231\u597d\u72ec\u5750\u800c\u53d7\u7528\u4e4b\u3002\u53c8\uff0c\u7531\u5982\u7406\u7701\u601d\u800c\u6b63\u5f53\u53d7\u7528\u533b\u836f\u8d44\u5177\uff0c\u4e43\u552f\u4e3a\u9632\u6b62\u5df2\u751f\u4e4b\u75db\u82e6\u53ca\u79bb\u82e6\u4e4b\u76ee\u7684\u4e5f\u3002\u662f\u6545\uff0c\u82e5\u4e0d\u5982\u7406\u7701\u601d\u53d7\u7528\u8005\uff0c\u5c06\u4f7f\u5fe7\u4f24\u82e6\u607c\u4e4b\u8bf8\u6f0f\u751f\u8d77\u3002\u82e5\u662f\u5982\u7406\u7701\u601d\u53d7\u7528\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u6b64\u7b49\u5fe7\u4f24\u82e6\u607c\u4e4b\u8bf8\u6f0f\u4e0d\u751f\u8d77\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6b64\u7b49\u662f\u8c13\u6f0f\uff0c\u7531\u53d7\u7528\u800c\u820d\u79bb\u4e5f\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5e M.I.p.10.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c9\uff0c\u987511\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (111) \u201c\u575a\u4fe1\u201d\u4f5b\u9640\u89c9\u609f\u7684\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u662f\u5b88\u62a4\u8eab\u53e3\u5f8b\u4eea\u52a8\u673a\u4e3b\u8981\u4e4b\u5173\u952e\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5177\u8db3\u9632\u62a4\u6ce2\u7f57\u63d0\u6728\u53c9\u5f8b\u4eea\u7684\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5c31\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u201c\u4fe1\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u80fd\u968f\u65f6\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u4ed6\u9632\u62a4\u6ce2\u7f57\u63d0\u6728\u53c9\u5f8b\u4eea\u800c\u4f4f\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (112) \u7531\u4e8e\u6b63\u5ff5\u7684\u575a\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ee4\u8bf8\u6839\u4e0d\u4e3a\u4e94\u6b32\u7b49\u4fb5\u88ad\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (113) \u56e0\u4e3a\u7b56\u52b1\u7cbe\u52e4\u80fd\u820d\u90aa\u547d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7cbe\u8fdb\u4e8e\u6b63\u6c42\uff0c\u5f97\u4ee5\u65ad\u9664\u4e0d\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u90aa\u6c42\uff0c\u53d7\u7528\u4e8e\u904d\u51c0\u7684\u8d44\u5177\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u904d\u51c0\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (114) \u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u667a\u6167\u8005\u80fd\u89c1\u8d44\u5177\u7684\u8fc7\u5931\u4e0e\u5229\u76ca\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    (115) \u672c\u7ecf\u4e3a\u53e4\u4ee3\u6c49\u8bd1\u5927\u85cf\u7ecf\uff0c\u73b0\u5b58\u7684\u6587\u732e\u6709\u56db\u79cd\u8bd1\u672c\uff1a\u4e00\u3001\u300a\u4f5b\u8bf4\u5c38\u8fe6\u7f57\u8d8a\u516d\u65b9\u793c\u7ecf\u300b\uff0c\u540e\u6c49\u5b89\u4e16\u9ad8\u8bd1\uff08T1.16.p.250-252\uff09\u3002\u4e8c\u3001\u300a\u4f5b\u8bf4 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5584\u751f\u5b50\u7ecf\u300b\uff0c\u897f\u664b\u652f\u6cd5\u5ea6\u8bd1\uff08T1.17.p.252-255\uff09\u3002\u4e09\u3001\u300a\u4e2d\u963f\u542b\u2219\u5584\u751f\u7ecf\u300b\uff0c\u4e1c\u664b\u50e7\u4f3d\u63d0\u5a46\u8bd1\uff08T1.26.p.638-642\uff09\u3002\u56db\u3001\u300a\u957f\u963f\u542b\u2219\u5584 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u751f\u7ecf\u300b\uff0c\u540e\u79e6\u4f5b\u9640\u8036\u820d\u5171\u7afa\u4f5b\u5ff5\u8bd1\uff08T1.1.p.70-72\uff09\u3002\u5728\u5df4\u5229\u6587\u4e09\u85cf\u300a\u957f\u90e8\u300b\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5176\u8bb8\u591a\u90e8\u7ecf\u6587\u6240\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u50e7\u56e2\u4fee\u884c\u3002 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u800c\u300a\u6559\u6388\u5c38\u8fe6\u7f57\u8d8a\u7ecf\u300b\u662f\u300a\u957f\u90e8\u300b\u4e2d\u552f\u4e00\u4e00\u7bc7\u4e13\u95e8\u9488\u5bf9\u5728\u5bb6\u5c45\u58eb\u7684\u4f26\u7406\u89c4\u8303\uff1a\u4e2a\u4eba\u5728\u73b0\u5b9e\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u8c03\u6574\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e0e\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u8ba9\u751f\u547d\u6d3b\u5f97\u6709 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u610f\u4e49\u548c\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u5e73\u548c\u5b89\u4e50\u5ea6\u8fc7\u4e00\u751f\uff1b\u5982\u4f55\u8ba9\u5bb6\u5ead\u5e78\u798f\u3001\u7f8e\u6ee1\uff1b\u5982\u4f55\u8ba9\u793e\u4f1a\u4eba\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u826f\u5584\u3001\u548c\u8c10\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    \u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u4f26\u7406\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u5411\u5728\u5bb6\u5c45\u58eb\u6307\u51fa\u4eba\u751f\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e94\u5c3d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e49\u52a1\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e4b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u81ea\u6211\u89c4\u8303\uff08\u81ea\u5f8b\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u597d\u56db\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff1a\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u81ea\u8eab\u51c6\u5219\uff0c\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u516c\u4f17\u6b63\u4e49\uff0c\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\uff08\u56db\uff09\u4eba\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5f53\u4e2a\u4eba\u80fd\u81ea\u5f8b\u65f6\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u8eab\u5728\u9690\u79d8\u5904\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u9020\u6076\u4e1a\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5112\u5bb6\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u540c\u6837\u4e5f\u5f3a\u8c03\u201c\u614e\u72ec\u201d\u3002\u6b64\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3a\u5185\u6c42\u4fee\u8eab\uff0c\u8bb2\u7a76\u4e2a\u4eba\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u6574\u4f53\u4e2d\u81ea\u5f8b\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u5bf9\u56fd\u5bb6\u793e\u4f1a\u65e0\u5bb3\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u591a\u751f\u76ca\u5904\u3002(116)<\/p>\n

    \u4f5b\u9640\u5728\u300a\u6559\u6388\u5c38\u8fe6\u7f57\u8d8a\u7ecf\u300b\u5ba3\u8bb2\u4e86\u5728\u5bb6\u5c45\u58eb\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u4f26\u7406\u89c4\u8303\uff08\u5723\u8005\u4e4b\u5f8b\uff09\uff0c\u8be5\u7ecf\u6cd5\u8981\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u201c\u6210\u5c31\u5706\u6ee1\u5584\u4eba\u7684\u539f\u5219\u201d\u9610\u8ff0\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \uff08\u4e00\uff09\u81ea\u8eab\u51c6\u5219\uff1a\u201c\u7ef4\u6301\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5c0a\u4e25\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u820d\u65ad\u6740\u751f\u4e1a\u70e6\u607c\u3001\u4e0d\u4e0e\u53d6\u4e1a\u70e6\u607c\u3001\u90aa\u6deb\u4e1a\u70e6\u607c\u548c\u5984\u8bed\u4e1a\u70e6\u607c\u56db\u79cd\u4e1a\u57a2\u3002\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u4e2a\u4eba\u9053\u5fb7\u6c89\u6ca6\uff0c\u81f4\u4f7f\u8bf8\u591a\u51f6\u6740\u6848\u3001\u8bc8\u53d6\u3001\u5f3a\u66b4\u3001\u6bc1\u8c24\u7b49\u7f6a\u6076\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u81ea\u8eab\u53e3\u820d\u79bb\u4e86\u56db\u79cd\u4e1a\u57a2\uff0c\u5c31\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e86\u4eba\u6027\u7684\u5706\u6ee1\u3002<\/p>\n

    \uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u516c\u4f17\u6b63\u4e49\uff1a\u201c\u7ef4\u6301\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u5c0a\u4e25\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u4e0d\u56e0\u70e6\u607c\u800c\u504f\u5fc3\u9020\u6076\uff1a\u9677\u4e8e\u8d2a\u6b32\u800c\u9020\u6076\u4e1a\u3001\u9677\u4e8e\u778b\u605a\u800c\u9020\u6076\u4e1a\u3001\u9677\u4e8e\u611a\u75f4\u800c\u9020\u6076\u4e1a\u53ca\u9677\u4e8e\u754f\u60e7\u800c\u9020\u6076\u4e1a\u3002\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0d\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u6076\u679c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u653f\u6cbb\u8d2a\u6c61\u3001\u5bb6\u5ead\u4f26\u7406\u5931\u8303\u7b49\u3002\u4eba\u5fc3\u4e0d\u7531\u70e6\u607c\u800c\u9020\u6076\u4e1a\uff0c\u5c31\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e86\u56e2\u4f53\u5927\u4f17\u3002\u6b64\u9879\u529f\u80fd\u987b\u4ee5\u6b63\u5ff5\u548c\u6b63\u5b9a\u534f\u52a9\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u6301\u5185\u5fc3\u6e05\u51c0\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n

    (116) \u91ca\u5fc3\u5e73\uff0e\u4ece\u300a\u5584\u751f\u7ecf\u300b\u900f\u89c6\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\uff3bJ\uff3d\uff0e\u5f53\u4ee3\u5b97\u6559\u7814\u7a76\uff0c2014\uff0c96 \u00a0 \u00a0 \uff083\uff09:21-27\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (117)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.III.p.181.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (118)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.III.p.182.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a\u201c\u5177\u6709\u89c9\u77e5\u8d1f\u8d23\u9053\u5fb7\u4e0e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u80fd\u529b\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u820d\u79bb\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u94b1\u8d22\u6563\u5931\u7684\u516d\u79cd\u56e0\u7531\uff0c\u4ece\u4e8b\u6b63\u5f53\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u59a5\u5584\u89c4\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\uff08\u8be6\u89c1\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e09\u8282\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n

    \uff08\u56db\uff09\u4eba\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a\u201c\u4fdd\u62a4\u4eba\u9645\u826f\u597d\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u516d\u65b9\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u8ba4\u4e3a\u53ea\u8981\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u5bb6\u5ead\u7ba1\u597d\uff0c\u5b66\u6821\u8001\u5e08\u5c06\u4e13\u4e1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u8bb2\u6388\u597d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5c31\u7b97\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4eba\u56e0\u4e3a\u53ea\u987e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u548c\u4e8b\u4e1a\uff0c\u800c\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u4f17\u7684\u516c\u4e49\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u95ee\u9898\u5c42\u51fa\u4e0d\u7a77\uff0c\u800c\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u95ee\u9898\u51fa\u5728\u4eba\u4e0e\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0a\u3002\u4eba\u53ea\u7ba1\u7406\u597d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u548c\u4e8b\u4e1a\u8fd8\u8fdc\u4e0d\u591f\u3002\u4f5b\u9640\u628a\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u6700\u5c0f\u4e2a\u4f53\u5e94\u5c3d\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u516d\u65b9\u4eba\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\u201d\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u8868\u660e\u793e\u4f1a\u662f\u7531\u76f8\u4e92\u7f18\u8d77\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u5173\u7cfb\u67b6\u6784\u800c\u6210\u7684\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u6709\u4e49\u52a1\uff0c\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u52aa\u529b\u7ba1\u7406\u597d\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0e\u516d\u65b9\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5706\u6ee1\u5b8c\u6210\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u3002<\/p>\n

    (119)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.III.p.188-191.\uff1b\u300a\u4e2d\u963f\u542b\u2219\u5584\u751f\u7ecf\u300bT01.026.p.640c-641c\uff1b
    \n\u300a\u4f5b\u8bf4\u5c38\u8fe6\u7f57\u8d8a\u516d\u65b9\u793c\u7ecf\u300bT01.016.p.251b-c\uff1b\u300a\u4f5b\u8bf4\u5584\u751f\u5b50\u7ecf\u300bT01.017.p.254a-b\uff1b
    \n\u300a\u957f\u963f\u542b\u2219\u5584\u751f\u7ecf\u300bT01.001.p.71c-72a\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u516d\u65b9 (102) \u4eba\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\u8868\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    \n<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5b50\u5973\u5bf9\u5f85\u7236\u6bcd \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u7236\u6bcd\u5bf9\u5f85\u5b50\u5973
    \n<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u4e00) \u53d7\u517b\u80b2\u4e4b\u6211\u5e94\u5949\u517b\u53cc\u4eb2 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (\u4e00) \u4ee4\u8fdc\u79bb\u7f6a\u6076<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u4e8c) \u5e94\u4e3a\u53cc\u4eb2\u4f5c\u4e1a\u52a1 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u4e8c) \u4ee4\u884c\u5584\u4e8b<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e1c\u65b9 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u4e09) \u5e94\u5ef6\u7eed\u5bb6\u65cf \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u4e09) \u4ee4\u7ec3\u4e60\u6280\u80fd<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (\u56db) \u4f7f\u81ea\u884c\u5e94\u9002\u5408\u83b7\u5f97\u9057\u4ea7 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u56db) \u4e3a\u8fce\u9002\u5f53\u4e4b\u59bb<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0(\u4e94) \u5f53\u53cc\u4eb2\u5f80\u751f\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4fee\u529f\u5fb7\u56de\u5411\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eec \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u4e94) \u5e94\u4ee5\u65f6\u5b9c\uff0c\u7ed9\u4e88\u8d22\u7269<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5b66\u751f\u5bf9\u5f85\u8001\u5e08 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u8001\u5e08\u5bf9\u5f85\u5b66\u751f
    \n<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u4e00) \u884c\u8d77\u7acb\u793c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u4e00) \u7ed9\u4ed6\u5b8c\u5168\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u6559\u5bfc<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u4e8c) \u968f\u4f8d\u8fd1\u4e8b(\u7b49\u5019) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u4e8c) \u7ed9\u5341\u5206\u6e05\u695a\u660e\u767d\u7684\u89e3\u91ca<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5357\u65b9 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (\u4e09) \u4e50\u95fb\u987a\u4ece \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u4e09) \u7ed9\u5168\u9762\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6280\u80fd<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (\u56db) \u8654\u8bda\u5949\u4f8d \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u56db) \u5728\u670b\u53cb\u4e2d\u63a8\u8350\u4ed6\u4eec<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (\u4e94) \u606d\u656c\u9886\u53d7\u5b66\u827a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u4e94) \u5728\u5404\u65b9\u9884\u9632\u5371\u9669\uff0c
    \n\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e73\u5b89<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u5f85\u670b\u53cb \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u670b\u53cb\u5bf9\u5f85\u6211\u4eec<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong>(\u4e00) \u5e03\u65bd \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (\u4e00) \u9632\u62a4\u670b\u53cb\u4e4b\u653e\u9038<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u4e8c) \u8bf4\u7231\u8bed(121) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (\u4e8c) \u670b\u53cb\u653e\u9038\u65f6\uff0c
    \n\u4fdd\u62a4\u4ed6\u7684\u8d22\u7269<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong>\u5317\u65b9 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u4e09) \u5229\u884c(122) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (\u4e09) \u670b\u53cb\u6050\u6016\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e4b\u5e87\u62a4<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (\u56db) \u540c\u4e8b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u56db) \u670b\u53cb\u7a77\u56f0\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u820d\u5f03<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (\u4e94) \u8bda\u5b9e\u65e0\u6b3a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (\u4e94) \u5c0a\u91cd\u670b\u53cb\u4e4b\u540c\u65cf<\/p>\n

    (120) \u91ca\u5fc3\u5e73\uff0e\u4ece\u300a\u5584\u751f\u7ecf\u300b\u900f\u89c6\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\uff3bJ\uff3d\uff0e\u5f53\u4ee3\u5b97\u6559\u7814\u7a76\uff0c2014\uff0c96 \u00a0 \u00a0 \uff083\uff09:24\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.III.p.188-191.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (121) \u771f\u5b9e\u3001\u6709\u76ca\u3001\u65f6\u5b9c\u7b49\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (122) \u610f\u601d\u5373\u662f\u5f00\u95e8\u8fce\u63a5\u6c99\u95e8\u3001\u5a46\u7f57\u95e8\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u516d\u65b9 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5404\u65b9\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u8d23\u4efb
    \n<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e08\u592b\u5bf9\u5f85\u59bb\u5b50 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u59bb\u5b50\u5bf9\u5f85\u4e08\u592b<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (\u4e00) \u5c0a\u91cd\u5979 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (\u4e00) \u9002\u5f53\u5730\u5904\u7406\u4e8b\u52a1<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (\u4e8c) \u4e0d\u8f7b\u89c6\u5979 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0(\u4e8c) \u548c\u853c\u5730\u5bf9\u5f85\u4e08\u592b\u7684\u5bb6\u4eba\u3001\u4ec6\u4ece<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u897f\u65b9 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u4e09) \u4e0d\u641e\u5916\u9047 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u4e09) \u4e0d\u641e\u5916\u9047<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u56db) \u7ed9\u5979\u6743\u529b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u56db) \u5b88\u62a4\u4e08\u592b\u7684\u8d22\u4ea7<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u4e94) \u7ed9\u5979\u88c5\u9970\u54c1 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (\u4e94) \u5728\u6240\u6709\u4e8b\uff0c\u52aa\u529b\u3001\u4e0d\u61c8\u6020<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u96c7\u4e3b\u5bf9\u5f85\u5458\u5de5 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5458\u5de5\u5bf9\u5f85\u96c7\u4e3b
    \n<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (\u4e00) \u5b89\u6392\u5de5\u4f5c\u9002\u5408\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u80fd\u529b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u4e00) \u6bd4\u4e3b\u4eba\u65e9\u8d77\u5de5\u4f5c<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (\u4e8c) \u7ed9\u4e88\u98df\u7269\u4e0e\u5de5\u94b1 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u4e8c) \u6bd4\u4e3b\u4eba\u665a\u4f11\u61a9<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e0b\u65b9 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (\u4e09) \u751f\u75c5\u65f6\u7167\u987e\u4ed6\u4eec \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (\u4e09) \u53ea\u63a5\u53d7\u4e3b\u4eba\u7ed9\u4e88\u7684\u4e1c\u897f<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u56db) \u7ed9\u4e88\u5206\u4eab\u73cd\u5473\u4e4b\u98df \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u56db) \u505a\u597d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u4e94) \u7ed9\u9002\u5408\u65f6\u95f4\u4f11\u606f \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u4e94) \u79f0\u8d5e\u4e3b\u4eba\u4e4b\u540d\u8a89<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5728\u5bb6\u4eba\u5bf9\u5f85\u51fa\u5bb6\u4eba \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u51fa\u5bb6\u4eba\u5bf9\u5f85\u5728\u5bb6\u4eba
    \n<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (\u4e00) \u4f9d\u4ec1\u6148\u4e4b\u8eab\u4e1a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u4e00) \u4ee4\u8fdc\u79bb\u7f6a\u6076<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (\u4e8c) \u4f9d\u4ec1\u6148\u4e4b\u8bed\u4e1a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u4e8c) \u9f13\u52b1\u4ed6\u884c\u5584\u4e8b<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e0a\u65b9 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (\u4e09) \u4f9d\u4ec1\u6148\u4e4b\u610f\u4e1a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (\u4e09) \u4ee5\u4ec1\u6148\u800c\u7231\u62a4\u4ed6<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u56db) \u4e0d\u95ed\u95e8\u6237\uff08123\uff09 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (\u56db) \u6559\u5176\u672a\u95fb(\u7684\u4f5b\u6cd5)<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u4e94) \u5e73\u5e38\u4f9b\u517b\u98df\u7269 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (\u4e94) \u4ee4\u5df2\u95fb(\u7684\u4f5b\u6cd5)\u66f4\u660e\u767d<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(\u516d) \u6559\u793a\u8da3\u5929\u4e4b\u9053<\/p>\n

    (123) \u610f\u601d\u5373\u662f\u5f00\u95e8\u8fce\u63a5\u6c99\u95e8\u3001\u5a46\u7f57\u95e8\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u4ece\u7ecf\u5178\u4e2d\u53ef\u770b\u51fa\u521d\u671f\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u5173\u6000\u3002\u4f5b\u9640\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u9053\u5fb7\u4e49\u52a1\uff0c\u4eba\u4eba\u5e94\u5bf9\u81ea\u6211\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5927\u4f17\u627f\u62c5\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u548c\u4e49\u52a1\u3002\u5148\u4ece\u4e2a\u4eba\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u5bb6\u5ead\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0e\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u82e5\u80fd\u5b88\u62a4\u597d\u81ea\u5df1\u672c\u5206\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5bb6\u5ead\u793e\u4f1a\u5c06\u4f1a\u6e05\u51c0\u3001\u5e73\u5b89\u3001\u5409\u7965\u5b89\u4e50\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5728\u201c\u516d\u65b9\u793c\u201d\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u628a\u51fa\u5bb6\u4eba\u7f6e\u4e8e\u201c\u516d\u65b9\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0a\u65b9\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u9053\u5fb7\u5178\u8303\u7684\u751f\u53d1\u6e90\u5934\u3002\u4e0e\u5112\u5bb6\u7684\u592b\u5987\u3001\u7236\u5b50\u3001\u5144\u5f1f\u3001\u670b\u53cb\u3001\u541b\u81e3\u4e94\u4f26\u5173\u7cfb\u76f8\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u4f5b\u6559\u6269\u5c55\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4e0e\u6df1\u5ea6\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u516d\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u51fa\u5bb6\u4eba\u80fd\u5728\u201c\u516d\u65b9\u201d\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6559\u5bfc\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u699c\u6837\u3001\u5584\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u548c\u63a8\u52a8\u529b\u3002\u5728\u6cf0\u56fd\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f5b\u6559\u5bfa\u9662\u548c\u50e7\u56e2\u5c31\u957f\u671f\u53d1\u6325\u7740\u57f9\u517b\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u804c\u80fd\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u4f9d\u65e7\u6709\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5c31\u8ba9\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u4eb2\u8fd1\u5584\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u4eb2\u8eab\u5b66\u4e60\u5e76\u5b9e\u8df5\u6b63\u9053\uff0c\u6709\u89c4\u5f8b\u6709\u793c\u4eea\u5730\u8fc7\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u793e\u4f1a\u5411\u5584\uff0c\u4eba\u5fc3\u7684\u56e2\u7ed3\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002(124)<\/p>\n

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    (127) \u9f99\u91d1\u00b7\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\u662f\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u6d1b\u7ea6\u62c9\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u53cb\u8c0a\u5bf9\u4f60\u7684\u751f\u7406\u5065\u5eb7\u6709\u91cd\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u62e5\u6709\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u8fdb\u5065\u5eb7\u3001\u6392\u5fe7\u89e3\u95f7\u3002\u8eab\u5fc3\u7684\u75db\u82e6\u4e0d\u89c1\u5f97\u5fc5\u987b\u4f9d\u8d56\u836f\u7269\u6216\u63a5\u53d7\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u6709\u670b\u53cb\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002\u201d\u89c1\u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u987527\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    (128) \u65bd\u547d\u6cd5\u5e08\uff0e\u6551\u56fd\u624b\u518c\u2219\u7b2c\u4e8c\u518c\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5df4\u541e\u5b83\u5c3c\uff1a\u6cd5\u8eab\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\uff0c2004\uff1a61\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    (130) \u6768\u90c1\u6587\u5148\u751f\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e16\u5c0a\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7ed3\u96c6\u5728\u300a\u963f\u542b\u300b\u3001\u300a\u5c3c\u67ef\u8036\u300b\u91cc\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u6559\u3001\u7406\u3001\u884c\u3001\u679c\u4e4b\u539f\u578b\u5305\u7f57\u65e0\u9057\uff1b\u96c6\u5408\u5723\u6559\u6545\u65e5\u201c\u5c3c\u67ef\u8036\u201d\uff0c\u4f20\u6765\u5723\u6559\u6545\u540d\u201c\u963f\u542b\u201d\u3002\u867d\u6709\u5357\u3001\u5317\u4e8c\u4f20\uff0c\u5e76\u65e0\u6b67\u4e49\uff1b\u95f4\u6709\u4f5b\u5f1f\u5b50\u6240\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f5b\u5370\u53ef\uff0c\u540c\u4f5b\u6240\u8bf4\u3002\u7ecf\u7531\u90e8\u6d3e\u4f20\u627f\uff0c\u5c11\u8bb8\u51fa\u5165\u3001\u589e\u635f\uff0c\u7686\u5c5e\u65b9\u4fbf\u6743\u8bf4\uff1b\u5927\u90e8\u7a76\u7adf\u5b9e\u8bf4\uff0c\u90e8\u6d3e\u4e4b\u95f4\u975e\u6709\u4e8c\u81f4\uff0c\u53ef\u8bc1\u5357\u5317\u540c\u51fa\u4e00\u539f\u3002\u89c1\u6768\u90c1\u6587\uff0e\u963f\u542b\u8981\u7565\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u6cd5\u9f13\u6587\u5316\uff0c1997\uff1a\u5e8f\u65873.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5112\u5bb6\u6ce8\u91cd\u5165\u4e16\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u201c\u4fee\u8eab\u3001\u6cbb\u4e16\u201d (132)\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5165\u4e16\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4eba\u4f26\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f5b\u6559\u8ddf\u5112\u5bb6\u9053\u5fb7\u7406\u8bba\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u90fd\u91cd\u89c6\u5bb6\u5ead\u4f26\u7406\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u4f26\u7406\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u4eba\u517b\u5fd7\u57f9\u5fb7\uff0c\u4e3a\u4eba\u5904\u4e8b\u7aef\u6b63\uff0c\u5b89\u5b9a\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u4f5b\u6559\u6709\u516d\u65b9\uff08\u516d\u4f26\uff09\uff0c\u5112\u5bb6\u6709\u4e94\u4f26\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u5927\u4f53\u4e0a\u662f\u76f8\u901a\u7684\u3002\u7b14\u8005\u6574\u7406\u5982\u4e0b\u8868\uff1a<\/p>\n

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    \n<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    (133)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eJ.V.p.378.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c40\uff0c\u987554\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    \u4ed6\u5341\u5206\u5d07\u656c\uff0c\u5c0a\u79f0\uff1a\u541e\u6b66\u91cc\u5927\u5e1d\u3002(136) \u6b64\u53ef\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u201c\u51fa\u5bb6\u201d\u975e\u662f\u9003\u907f\u4e16\u4fd7\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u4e60\u6210\u957f\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u5584\u5fc3\u4eba\u58eb\uff0c\u6709\u76ca\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4f53\u3001\u5bb6\u5ead\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002(137)<\/p>\n

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    \u6bcf\u5929\u65e9\u4e0a\u50e7\u4eba\u4f1a\u5916\u51fa\u6258\u94b5\u5316\u7f18\uff0c\u63a5\u89e6\u5bb6\u5bb6\u6237\u6237\u5c31\u80fd\u77e5\u9053\u4eba\u6c11\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u5982\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u5fd9\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u4eba\u6c11\u4e34\u547d\u7ec8\u65f6\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f1a\u8bf7\u50e7\u4eba\u53bb\u8bf5\u7ecf\u3001\u52a9\u5ff5\u3002\u5f80\u751f\u540e\u5c31\u5728\u5bfa\u9662\u91cc\u8bf7\u50e7\u4eba\u8bf5\u963f\u6bd7\u8fbe\u6469\u7ed9\u4ea1\u8005\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4e5f\u5728\u5bfa\u9662\u91cc\u706b<\/p>\n

    (136) Siriwat Kumwansa\uff0eBuddhist history in Thai\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eBangkok: Thammasart \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0University, 1998\uff1a98.\uff1b\u91ca\u5fc3\u5e73\uff0e\u6cf0\u56fd\u5357\u4f20\u4f5b\u6559\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u6000\u4e4b\u7814\u7a76\uff3bJ\uff3d\uff0e\u6cd5\u5370\u5b66\u62a5\uff0c2015\uff0c5\uff1a237-238\uff1b\u51c0\u6d77\uff0e\u5357\u4f20\u4f5b\u6559\u53f2\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u5b97\u6559\u6587\u5316\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2002\uff1a 227\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (137) \u6cf0\u56fd\u7d20\u53ef\u6cf0\u738b\u671d\u7684\u674e\u6cf0\u738b\uff08Dhammar\u0101j\u0101 Litai\uff0c\u6619\u6469\u7f57\u9617\uff09\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4f5b\u6559\uff0c\u7cbe\u901a\u4e0a\u5ea7\u90e8\u4f5b\u5b66\uff0c\u4e8e\u516c\u51431345\u5e74\u7740\u6210\u300a\u4e09\u754c\u8bba\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u3002\u5728\u8292\u679c\u6797\u5bfa\u820d\u8eab\u51fa\u5bb6\uff0c\u51fa\u5bb6\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u66fe\u4e8e\u50e7\u56e2\u9762\u524d\u7acb\u613f\u672a\u6765\u8981\u89c9\u609f\u6210\u4f5b\uff0c\u5ea6\u8fc7\u4e00\u6bb5\u51fa\u5bb6\u4fee\u884c\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6cf0\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u5728\u4f4d\u541b\u738b\u4e8e\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d\u51fa\u5bb6\u3002\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u56fd\u738b\u3001\u81e3\u6c11\u90fd\u4ee5\u4ed6\u4e3a\u699c\u6837\uff0c\u90fd\u6d41\u884c\u4e00\u751f\u4e2d\u81f3\u5c11\u4e00\u6b21\u77ed\u671f\u51fa\u5bb6\u4e3a\u50e7\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u4f5b\u6559\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u718f\u9676\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u98ce\u4fd7\u5ef6\u7eed\u81f3\u4eca\u3002phrayalithai\uff0eTribhumi-Phraruang \uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eBangkok:Bannagan Ltd.,1997\uff1a75\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (138) Vasin Yinthasara\uff0e\u5370\u5ea6\u4e0e\u6cf0\u56fd\u4f5b\u6559\u53f2\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eBangkok:Amonkranpim\uff0c1982\uff1a137\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0(139) Vasin Yinthasara\uff0e\u5370\u5ea6\u4e0e\u6cf0\u56fd\u4f5b\u6559\u53f2\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eBangkok:Amonkranpim\uff0c1982\uff1a201\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u5316\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u4f5b\u6cd5\u8d2f\u901a\u4e8e\u4eba\u4eec\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u751f\u6d3b\u3001\u6210\u957f\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u5f80\u751f\u7684\u5168\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5e76\u53d1\u6325\u7740\u79ef\u6781\u800c\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u652f\u6301\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4f5b\u6559\u50e7\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u6734\u7d20\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u5341\u5206\u8282\u7701\uff0c\u5269\u4f59\u90e8\u5206\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u53bb\u6d4e\u52a9\u4ed6\u4eba\uff0c\u5982\u4f5b\u5bfa\u7ecf\u5e38\u53d1\u653e\u8d2b\u56f0\u5b66\u751f\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4f5b\u6559\u50e7\u56e2\u8fd8\u4e3e\u529e\u4e2d\u5b66\u90e8\u4f5b\u5b66\u9662\uff1a\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e3a\u56fd\u4e2d\u81f3\u9ad8\u4e2d\u7684\u6c99\u5f25\uff0c\u6388\u8bfe\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u540c\u4e00\u822c\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e4b\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u89c4\u5b9a\uff1b\u53e6\u6709\u4f5b\u5b66\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4ee5\u53ca\u5df4\u5229\u8bed\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u671f\u95f4\u5b66\u8d39\u5168\u514d\u3002\u6bd5\u4e1a\u540e\u56fd\u5bb6\u653f\u5e9c\u6279\u51c6\u201c\u9ad8\u4e2d\u5b66\u4f4d\u201d\uff0c\u53ef\u62a5\u8003\u5927\u5b66\u90e8\u3002\u5168\u56fd\u6709 400 \u6240\u5b66\u9662\uff0c2010 \u5e74\u5b66\u50e7\u670956,109 \u4f4d\u6c99\u5f25\u3002(140)<\/p>\n

    \u6559\u80b2\u5e76\u57f9\u517b\u9752\u5e74\u5b66\u5b50\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9\u5168\u56fd\u7537\u5b69\uff0c\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u63d0\u9ad8\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u751f\u547d\u6559\u80b2\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u4f5b\u6cd5\u3001\u9053\u5fb7\u878d\u5408\u4e00\u4f53\uff0c\u6bd5\u4e1a\u540e\u6210\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5584\u5fc3\u4eba\u58eb\u3002\u6709\u5fd7\u4e8e\u94bb\u7814\u4f5b\u6cd5\u6216\u957f\u671f\u51fa\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ee5\u8eab\u5fc3\u5949\u732e\u793e\u4f1a\u5927\u4f17\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u56e2\u4f53\u548c\u50e7\u56e2\u4e5f\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u652f\u6301\u3002\u5bfa\u9662\u4ea6\u662f\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u4f9d\u6258\u4e0e\u5f52\u6240\u3001\u5fc3\u7075\u7684\u533b\u9662\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u5b66\u6821\u3002\u4eba\u6c11\u5fc3\u91cc\u4e0d\u8212\u670d\u6216\u75c5\u82e6\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u6765\u5bfa\u9662\u4fee\u884c\u3001\u4fee\u529f\u5fb7\u3002\u4f5b\u5bfa\u662f\u6751\u5e84\u4eba\u6c11\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u805a\u96c6\u70b9\u3002\u5b66\u6821\u3001\u5927\u5b66\u7ecf\u5e38\u4e5f\u8ba9\u5b66\u751f\u6765\u5bfa\u9662\u718f\u9676\u9053\u5fb7\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u673a\u5173\u6216\u6709\u4e9b\u516c\u53f8\u4e5f\u65f6\u5e38\u5e26\u5458\u5de5\u6765\u5bfa\u9662\u57f9\u8bad\u3002(141)<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e8c\u3001\u5fae\u89c2\u5c42\u9762<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u4eba\u5728\u4e3a\u4eba\u5904\u4e8b\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u4f9d\u636e\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u539f\u5219\u3002\u4ece\u4e2a\u4f53\u89d2\u5ea6\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u5982\u4f55 \u201c\u81ea\u6211\u5b8c\u5584\u201d\u7684\u539f\u5219\u3002\u5bf9\u6b64\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u63d0\u51fa\u56db\u9879\u201c\u5c45\u58eb\u6cd5\u201d(142)\uff1a\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u771f\u5b9e\uff0c\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u8c03\u7ec3\uff0c\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u52e4\u5fcd\uff0c\uff08\u56db\uff09\u65bd\u820d\u3002<\/p>\n

    \uff08\u4e00\uff09\u771f\u5b9e<\/p>\n

    \u771f\u5b9e\u662f\u6307\u8bda\u5b9e\uff0c\u6b63\u76f4\u5730\u63a5\u4eba\u5f85\u7269\uff0c\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u56db\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff1a1\u3001\u8bda\u5b9e\u5bf9\u5f85\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e8b\u4e1a\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u5c3d\u4e49\u52a1\u5c3d\u804c\u5c3d\u8d23\uff0c\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u505a\u5230\u6700\u597d\uff1b2\u3001\u8bda\u4fe1\u8a00\u8bed\uff0c\u8a00\u4e0e\u884c<\/p>\n

    (140) \u53c2\u8003\uff1a\u6cf0\u56fd\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u8d44\u65992010\u5e742\u67088\u65e5\u3002http:\/\/www.moe.go.th\/data_stat\/<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (141) \u91ca\u5fc3\u5e73\uff0e\u6cf0\u56fd\u5357\u4f20\u4f5b\u6559\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u6000\u4e4b\u7814\u7a76\uff3bJ\uff3d\uff0e\u6cd5\u5370\u5b66\u62a5\uff0c2015\uff0c5\uff1a242-248\u3002\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (142)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.I.p.215.\u300a\u963f\u7f57\u6bd8\u7ecf\u300b\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eSn.p.33.\uff08\u0101\u1e37araka Sutta\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u5e94\u8bb2\u6c42\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u8bb2\u4e8b\u5b9e\u771f\u76f8\uff0c\u7b54\u5e94\u4e86\u7684\u4e8b\u4e00\u5b9a\u5c3d\u529b\u8fbe\u6210\uff1b3\u3001\u5fe0\u8bda\u5f85\u4eba\uff0c\u8001\u5b9e\u4e92\u60e0\uff1b4\u3001\u8bda\u5b9e\u5bf9\u5f85\u771f\u7406\u9053\u5fb7\uff0c\u575a\u6301\u6b63\u4e49\uff0c\u8bf8\u6076\u83ab\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f17\u5584\u5949\u884c\uff0c\u81ea\u51c0\u5176\u610f\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u7531\u4e0a\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u90fd\u4f1a\u9047\u89c1\u96c7\u4e3b\u5458\u5de5\u4e4b\u95f4\u3001\u592b\u59bb\u4e4b\u95f4\u3001\u540c\u4e8b\u6216\u670b\u53cb\u4e4b\u95f4\u76f8\u4e92\u4e0d\u4fe1\u4efb\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u9053\u5fb7\u662f\u5904\u7406\u597d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6839\u672c\u57fa\u7840\u548c\u9014\u5f84\u3002\u4f5b\u9640\u6559\u5bfc\u4eba\u751f\u5e94\u6709\u8bda\u5b9e\u54c1\u5fb7\u5bf9\u5f85\u4eba\u548c\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u57f9\u517b\u4e2a\u4f53\u5bf9\u4eba\u4e8b\u7269\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u5927\u4f17\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u611f\uff0c\u4f7f\u5bb6\u5ead\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u62e5\u6709\u5b89\u5168\u611f\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bda\u4fe1\u826f\u597d\u7684\u6c1b\u56f4\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5f53\u4ee3\u4f01\u4e1a\uff0c\u82e5\u4fe1\u4efb\u5ea6\u597d\uff0c\u8d23\u4efb\u5fc3\u5f3a\uff0c\u4f1a\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u6301\u4e45\u7a33\u5b9a\u5730\u53d1\u5c55 (143) \u3002\u5218\u5fb7\u6743\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u8bda\u201d\u5b57\uff0c\u7edd\u4e0d\u662f\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u4f26\u7406\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5e02\u573a\u7ade\u4e89\u4e0e\u73b0\u4ee3\u4f01\u4e1a\u751f\u5b58\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u8feb\u5207\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u5185\u6db5\u3002\u201c\u8bda\u201d\u867d\u4e0d\u662f\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u5374\u80dc\u4f3c\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u4f01\u4e1a\u5bb6\u6210\u719f\u7684\u4eba\u683c\u529b\u91cf\u4e0e\u7ecf\u8425\u6218\u7565\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u4f53\u73b0\u3002(144) \u76ee\u524d\u4f01\u4e1a\u754c\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u4ee5\u8bda\u7acb\u4e1a\u201d\u3001\u201c\u4ee5\u8bda\u7ecf\u8425\u201d\u7684\u547c\u5401\uff0c\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u4ee3\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u5f53\u8eab\u3001\u53e3\u3001\u610f\u4fee\u6301\u201c\u8bda\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u4fee\u771f\u5b9e\u6ce2\u7f57\u871c\u3002<\/p>\n

    \uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u8c03\u7ec3<\/p>\n

    \u8c03\u7ec3\u6307\u5b66\u4e60\u6539\u5584\u5e76\u53d1\u5c55\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e60\u6027\u3001\u624d\u80fd\u3001\u667a\u6167\u7b49\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u80fd\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u652f\u6491\u5bb6\u5ead\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u4f01\u4e1a\u7b49\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u4e5f\u8981\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u5b66\u4e60\u53d1\u5c55\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u4f5b\u6559\u4ece\u5185\u5728\u5584\u6cd5\u5fb7\u884c\u6765\u770b\u5f85\u4eba\u7684\u54c1\u8d28\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4ece\u5bb6\u65cf\u6216\u5bcc\u8d2b\u6765\u770b\u5f85\u4eba\u7684\u54c1\u8d28\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u6709\u5e73\u7b49\u5730\u53d1\u5c55\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c(145) \u6709\u6743\u5229\u9009\u62e9\u81ea\u5df1\u4ee5\u8eab\u3001\u53e3\u3001\u610f\u4fee\u884c\u516b\u6b63\u9053\uff0c\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u57f9\u517b\u6210\u4e3a\u5584\u5fc3\u4eba\u58eb\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u540c<\/p>\n

    (143) \u8b6c\u5982\uff1a\u5317\u4eac\u7f8e\u96ea\u96c6\u56e2\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u53f2\u6765\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5404\u79cd\u9014\u5f84\u5b66\u4e60\u56fd\u5916\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u56fd\u60c5\u9010\u6b65\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u9002\u5408\u81ea\u5df1\u7279\u70b9\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u7ecf\u8425\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\uff0c\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u52e4\u5fcd\u8bda\u548c\u201d\u7684\u56db\u5b57\u7ecf\uff0c\u5e76\u6210\u4e3a\u5168\u4f53\u5458\u5de5\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u51c6\u5219\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u5317\u4eac\u7f8e\u96ea\u96c6\u56e2\u751f\u5b58\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u652f\u67f1\u3002\u89c1\u5218\u5fb7\u6743\u3001\u5b59\u96ea\u5ca9\uff0e\u7528\u201c\u52e4\u5fcd\u8bda\u548c\u201d\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u7cbe\u795e\u57f9\u80b2\u826f\u597d\u5c1a\u5fb7\uff3bJ\uff3d\uff0e\u5546\u4e1a\u9053\u5fb7\u7814\u7a76\uff0c1995\uff0c5\uff1a 25-26\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (144) \u5218\u5fb7\u6743\uff0e\u52e4\u5fcd\u8bda\u548c\u2014\u7f8e\u96ea\u96c6\u56e2\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u7cbe\u795e\uff3bJ\uff3d\uff0e\u4e16\u754c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0e\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c1996\uff0c10\uff1a74\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (145) \u201c\u706d\u5c3d\u8d2a\u3001\u778b\u3001\u75f4\u6cd5\u5e76\u975e\u662f\u7531\u8d35\u5bb6\u800c\u6210\u5c31\u3002\u867d\u975e\u7531\u8d35\u5bb6\u800c\u51fa\u5bb6\uff0c\u5f7c\u82e5\u884c\u6cd5\u3001\u968f\u6cd5\u3001\u6b63\u884c\u3001\u968f\u6cd5\u884c\u8005\uff0c\u5176\u65f6\uff0c\u5f7c\u5e94\u53d7\u606d\u656c\uff0c\u5f7c\u5e94\u53d7\u5c0a\u91cd\u3002\u5584\u58eb\u662f\u7531\u4e2a\u4f53\u5185\u4fee\uff0c\u4e0d\u6562\u81ea\u5938\uff0c\u4ea6\u4e0d\u8511\u4ed6\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.III.p.37-38.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u6837\u81ea\u8bc1\u89c9\u609f\u3002\u4f5b\u9640\u9664\u4e86\u4ee5\u300a\u5409\u7965\u7ecf\u300b\u4e3a\u6307\u5bfc\u65b9\u9488\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u4eba\u751f\u6b21\u7b2c\u5730\u53d1\u5c55\u81ea\u8eab\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6307\u5bfc\u4eba\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u81ea\u6211\u8c03\u7ec3\u6210\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u5584\u58eb\u3002\u300a\u957f\u90e8\u300b\u4e2d\u8f7d\u6709\u4e03\u5584\u58eb\u6cd5\uff1a1\u3001\u77e5\u56e0\uff0c2\u3001\u77e5\u679c\uff0c3\u3001\u77e5\u5df1\uff0c4\u3001\u77e5\u91cf\uff0c5\u3001\u77e5\u65f6\uff0c6\u3001\u77e5\u4f17\uff0c7\u3001\u77e5\u4eba\u3002(146) \u6559\u5bfc\u4eba\u4eec\u6210\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u7684\u5584\u5fc3\u4eba\u58eb\u3002<\/p>\n

    1.\u77e5\u56e0<\/p>\n

    \u77e5\u56e0\u6307\u77e5\u9053\u76f8\u5173\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u539f\u5219\u548c\u89c4\u5f8b\u3002\u8b6c\u5982\uff0c\u9047\u5230\u72b6\u51b5\u51fa\u73b0\u65f6\u77e5\u9053\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u56e0\u7f18\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u77e5\u79cd\u6b64\u56e0\u4f1a\u5f97\u4f55\u679c\u3002\u4f5b\u6559\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4eba\u751f\u8981\u591a\u5b66\u4e60\u65b0\u77e5\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u751f\u547d\u90fd\u8981\u4e0e\u65f6\u4ff1\u8fdb\u3001\u575a\u6301\u89e3\u653e\u601d\u60f3\u3001\u5b9e\u4e8b\u6c42\u662f\u3001\u5f00\u62d3\u8fdb\u53d6\uff0c\u8fd4\u89c2\u5185\u7167\u5e76\u5982\u7406\u601d\u60df\u8bad\u7ec3\u53ca\u53d1\u5c55\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u800c\u6b64\u8981\u9760\u6b63\u89c1\u3001\u6b63\u601d\u60df\u3001\u6b63\u7cbe\u8fdb\u3001\u6b63\u5ff5\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u73b0\u4ee3\u751f\u6d3b\u7ade\u4e89\u6fc0\u70c8\uff0c\u201c\u77e5\u8bc6\u201d\u88ab\u516c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4eba\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u53d1\u5c55\u80fd\u53d6\u5f97\u6210\u529f\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u65e0\u5f62\u8d44\u4ea7\u201d\uff08Intangible Assets\uff09\u3002\u77e5\u8bc6\u662f\u4eba\u751f\u5fc5\u5907\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u751f\u51fa\u667a\u6167\u4ee4\u4eba\u5408\u7406\u529e\u4e8b\uff0c\u521b\u9020\u4ef7\u503c\u548c\u5229\u6da6\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u4ea6\u79f0\u5176\u4e3a\u201c\u667a\u529b\u8d44\u672c\u201d\uff08Intellectual Capital\uff09\u3002\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u6559\u5bfc\u4eba\u4eec\u8981\u4ee5\u771f\u77e5\u4e3a\u6210\u529f\u6253\u4e0b\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u77e5\u8bc6\u7ba1\u7406 (Knowledge Management\uff0cKM) \u4ece\u77e5\u8bc6\u83b7\u53d6\uff08Knowledge Acquisition\uff09\u3001\u77e5\u8bc6\u521b\u65b0\uff08Knowledge Creation\uff09\u3001\u77e5\u8bc6\u5b58\u50a8\uff08Knowledge Storing\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u77e5\u8bc6\u8f6c\u79fb\u548c\u4f20\u64ad\uff08Knowledge Transfer and Dissemination\uff09\u51e0\u65b9\u9762\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u9690\u6027\u77e5\u8bc6\uff08Tacit Knowledge\uff09\u548c\u663e\u6027\u77e5\u8bc6 (Explicit Knowledge)\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e8b\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u76ee\u6807\u8fbe\u6210\u3002\u4e86\u77e5\u5176\u539f\u5219\u53ca\u6210\u5c31\u4e4b\u56e0\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u638c\u63e1\u6240\u89c4\u5212\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u4e86\u77e5\u4e2a\u4eba\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e0e\u6210\u5c31\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u660e\u77e5\u5176\u4e2d\u56e0\u7f18\u53ca\u77e5\u8bc6\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u76f8\u5f53\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u77e5\u56e0\u662f\u4eba\u751f\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4f5b\u6cd5\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n

    (146)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.III.p.252.\uff1b\ufe5dMBU.\ufe5e\u518c16\uff0cp.229.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 2.\u77e5\u679c<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u77e5\u679c\u662f\u6307\u77e5\u610f\u4e49\u3001\u77e5\u76ee\u6807\u3001\u53ca\u5176\u5229\u76ca\u53ca\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u505a\u5230\u8fdc\u666f\u6e05\u6670\u3002\u9047\u5230\u72b6\u51b5\u51fa\u73b0\u65f6\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\u672a\u6765\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e8b\uff0c\u77e5\u79cd\u6b64\u56e0\u5f97\u4f55\u679c\uff0c\u61c2\u5f97\u89c4\u5212\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u80fd\u5b9e\u9645\u8fd0\u4f5c\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u597d\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002
    \n\u9996\u5148\u8981\u6e05\u695a\u4e2a\u4eba\u6240\u8ba4\u53ef\u548c\u5e94\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u548c\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u548c\u613f\u666f\u3002\u77e5\u8bc6\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u4e2a\u4f53\u548c\u7fa4\u4f53\u53d1\u5c55\uff08Individual & Group Development\uff09\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u53d1\u5c55\uff08Organization Development\uff09\u6218\u7565\u662f\u4e3a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u53d1\u5c55\u6240\u8981\u8fbe\u5230\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u800c\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u6240\u6709\u4e2a\u4eba\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u53d1\u5c55\u6218\u7565\u90fd\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fbe\u5230\u9884\u671f\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff1b\u6240\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e5f\u90fd\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fbe\u6210\u76ee\u6807\u548c\u613f\u666f\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u4e0d\u65ad\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u7ec8\u751f\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u8fd4\u89c2\u5185\u7167\u548c\u5982\u7406\u601d\u60df\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5b81\u9759\u7684\u5fc3\u6001\uff0c\u4f7f\u601d\u8003\u66f4\u6df1\u3001\u66f4\u6709\u521b\u610f\uff0c\u800c\u6b64\u8981\u9760\u6b63\u89c1\u3001\u6b63\u601d\u60df\u3001\u6b63\u7cbe\u8fdb\u3001\u6b63\u5ff5\u3001\u6b63\u5b9a\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n

    3.\u77e5\u5df1<\/p>\n

    \u5982\u5b9e\u8ba4\u77e5\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u3001\u8d44\u8d28\u3001\u77e5\u8bc6\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u9053\u5fb7\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u53ca\u6240\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u4f18\u52bf\u548c\u52a3\u52bf\u3002\u5fc5\u987b\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u4e0d\u6c89\u8ff7\u4e8e\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u8bf1\u60d1\u3002\u4f5b\u9640\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9\u4e16\u4eba\u516d\u9879\u81ea\u6211\u8bc4\u4f30\u4fee\u884c\u8fdb\u5c55\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff1a\u4fe1\uff08\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u613f\u671b\u5b9e\u73b0\u6240\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff09\u3001\u6212\uff08\u81ea\u5f8b\u3001\u80fd\u63a7\u5236\u81ea\u5df1\uff09\u3001\u95fb\uff08\u6709\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u5b66\u4e60\u6210\u957f\uff09\u3001\u65bd\u820d\uff08\u5949\u732e\u3001\u6177\u6168\u3001\u53cb\u5584\uff09\u3001\u667a\u6167\uff08\u53d1\u5c55\u73b0\u6709\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5bfb\u89c5\u597d\u8001\u5e08\u3001\u5584\u77e5\u8bc6\u7b49\uff09\u3001\u8fa9\u624d\u3002\u5e94\u7ecf\u5e38\u81ea\u6211\u7701\u601d\uff0c\u5e76\u5408\u7406\u9002\u5f53\u5730\u8fd0\u4f5c\u3001\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u8c03\u6574\u4e0e\u6539\u8fdb\u53d1\u5c55\u6f5c\u529b\u3002\u8981\u8ba4\u77e5\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u957f\u5904\u548c\u77ed\u5904\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u81ea\u6211\u5206\u6790(SWOT Analysis)\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u5185\u90e8\u548c\u5916\u90e8\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u6216\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e2a\u4f53\uff08Individual Competency Gap Assessment\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

    4.\u77e5\u91cf<\/p>\n

    \u8ba4\u77e5\u6070\u5230\u597d\u5904\u3001\u521a\u521a\u597d\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u548c\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u4e0e\u5e78\u798f\uff0c\u61c2\u5f97\u77e5\u91cf\u4eab\u7528\u3001\u9002\u5ea6\u6d88\u8d39\u3001\u9002\u5f53\u529e\u4e8b\u3002\u4f5b\u9640\u6559\u5bfc\u4eba\u4eec\u57f9\u517b\u8fd0\u7528\u8d44\u5177\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u5373 \u201c\u8d44\u5177\u4f9d\u6b62\u6212\u201d (147)\u3002\u4ee5\u77e5\u91cf\u8fd0\u7528\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u8863\u3001\u98df\u3001\u4f4f\u3001\u836f\u6765\u6539\u5584\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e60\u6027\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8863\u670d\u3001\u98df\u7269\u3001\u623f\u820d\u5e8a\u5ea7\u3001\u533b\u836f\u7b49\u751f\u6d3b\u8d44\u5177\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5982\u7406\u4f5c\u610f\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u6574\u7406\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u8d44\u5177 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u8fd0\u7528\u8d44\u5177\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5e94\u5982\u7406\u51b3\u62e9
    \n<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a01.\u53d7\u7528\u8863\u670d \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e0d\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b09\u620f\u3001\u9a84\u6162\u3001\u88c5\u9970\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5e84\u4e25\uff0c\u4ec5\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5fa1\u5bd2\u4fdd\u6696\uff0c<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u9632\u6b62\u867b\u3001\u868a\u3001\u98ce\u3001\u708e\u3001\u722c\u884c\u7c7b\u7684\u63a5\u89e6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u906e\u853d\u7f9e\u90e8\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a02.\u53d7\u7528\u56e2\u98df \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4ec5\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u8eab\u4f53\u80fd\u591f\u7ef4\u6301\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u6b62\u5bb3\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u52a9\u68b5\u884c(148)\uff0c\u5982\u662f\u601d\u60df\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u201c\u6211\u4e43\u4ee5\u6b64\u4ee4\u706d\u65e7\u53d7\u4e4b\u82e6\uff0c\u4e0d\u8d77\u65b0\u53d7\u4e4b\u82e6\uff1b\u6211\u5c06\u5b58\u547d\u3001\u65e0\u8fc7\u3001\u5b89\u4f4f\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

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    (156) \u201c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6211\u4e0d\u89c1\u53e6\u6709\u4e00\u6cd5\u80fd\u751f\u672a\u751f\u4e4b\u5584\u6cd5\uff0c\u6216\u80fd\u820d\u5df2\u751f\u4e4b\u4e0d\u5584\u6cd5\u8005\uff0c\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6b64\u5373\u5584\u53cb\u8005\u662f\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18!\u6709\u5584\u53cb\u8005\u80fd\u751f\u672a\u751f\u4e4b\u5584\u6cd5\uff0c\u53c8\u80fd\u820d\u5df2\u751f\u4e4b\u4e0d\u5584\u6cd5\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.I.p.14.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518a19\uff0c\u980117\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    \u00a0 \u00a0 3 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u60f3\u542c\u95fb\u6b63\u6cd5\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\uff1a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1.\u503e\u8033\u95fb\u6cd5\u8005 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a02.\u4e0d\u503e\u8033\u95fb\u6cd5\u8005<\/p>\n

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    (157)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.IV.p.115-116.(dhamma\u00f1\u00f1\u016b sutta)\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    (159)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.II.p.49.(Mah\u0101pad\u0101na Sutta)\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eDhp.p.52.(185)<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (160) \u201c\u6bd4\u4e18\u7531\u5982\u7406\u7701\u601d\u800c\u5fcd\u8010\u5bd2\u3001\u6691\u3001\u9965\u3001\u6e34\u3001\u867b\u3001\u868a\u3001\u98ce\u3001\u70ed\u3001\u86c7\u4e4b\u6240\u89e6\uff0c\u5fcd\u8010\u9a82\u8a48\u3001\u8bfd\u8c24\u4e4b\u8a00\u8bed\uff0c\u81f3\u82e6\u75db\u3001\u9177\u70c8\u3001\u4e0d\u4e50\u4e0d\u5feb\u7b49\u5fcd\u53d7\uff0c\u80fd\u8010\u5982\u593a\u5176\u547d\u4e4b\u5df2\u751f\u8bf8\u8eab\u7b49\u75db\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u82e5\u4e0d\u5982\u662f\u5fcd\u8010\uff0c\u5c06\u4f7f\u5fe7\u4f24\u82e6\u607c\u4e4b\u8bf8\u6f0f\u751f\u8d77\uff1b\u82e5\u4ee5\u5982\u662f\u5fcd\u8010\uff0c\u5219\u6b64\u7b49\u5fe7\u4f24\u82e6\u607c\u4e4b\u8bf8\u6f0f\u4e0d\u751f\u8d77\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6b64\u7b49\u662f\u8c13\u6f0f\uff0c\u7531\u5fcd\u8010\u800c\u820d\u79bb\u4e5f\u3002\u201d\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.I.p.10.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c9\uff0c\u987511\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (161)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.II.p.49. (Mah\u0101pad\u0101na Sutta)\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eDhp.p.52.(184)<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    \uff08\u56db\uff09\u65bd\u820d<\/p>\n

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    \u5f53\u4ee3\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u8d23\u4efb (162)\uff08CSR\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u4ee5\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ecf\u8425\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u7406\u5ff5\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u4f01\u4e1a\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5185\u90e8\u3001\u5916\u90e8\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u65f6\u5e94\u9075\u5faa\u9053\u5fb7\u539f\u5219\u3001\u9053\u5fb7\u89c4\u8303\u548c\u826f\u597d\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u6210\u4e3a\u4f01\u4e1a\u9053\u5fb7\u4e49\u52a1\u548c\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u7ec6\u5fc3\u7ef4\u62a4\u5458\u5de5\u3001\u80a1\u4e1c\u3001\u987e\u5ba2\u3001\u5546\u4e1a\u4f19\u4f34\u3001\u653f\u5e9c\u3001\u793e\u533a\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u73af\u5883\u7b49\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u624d\u80fd\u6c38\u4e45\u7a33\u5b9a\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f50\u6cbb\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u963f\u5947\u2022B\u5361\u7f57\u5c14\uff08Archei B. Carroll\uff09\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u793e\u4f1a\u8d23\u4efb\u5e94\u5f53\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u4f26\u7406\u548c\u6148\u5584\u56db\u79cd\u8d23\u4efb\u3002(163) \u7531\u4e0a\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u4f5b\u6559\u6559\u4e49\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4e0e\u5f53\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u7b49\u80fd\u826f\u597d\u878d\u5408\u4e92\u8865\uff0c\u4ee4\u4eba\u4eec<\/p>\n

    (162) (Corporate social responsibility\uff09\u662f\u6307\u4f01\u4e1a\u518d\u521b\u9020\u5229\u6da6\u3001\u5bf9\u80a1\u4e1c\u8d1f\u8d23\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd8\u5e94\u627f\u62c5\u8d77\u5bf9\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u3001\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u3001\u73af\u5883\u3001\u793e\u533a\u7b49\u5229\u76ca\u76f8\u5173\u65b9\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u5408\u6cd5\u6743\u76ca\uff0c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5305\u62ec\u4e0d\u6b67\u89c6\u3001\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u7ae5\u5de5\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u5f3a\u8feb\u6027\u52b3\u52a8\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u536b\u751f\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\u548c\u5236\u5ea6\u7b49\u3002\u89c1\u5321\u6d77\u6ce2\u4e3b\u7f16\uff0c\u4e70\u751f\u5f20\u65ed\u526f\u4e3b\u7f16\uff0e\u4f01\u4e1a\u793e\u4f1a\u8d23\u4efb\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2010\uff1a23\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (163) \u5321\u6d77\u6ce2\u4e3b\u7f16\uff0c\u4e70\u751f\u5f20\u65ed\u526f\u4e3b\u7f16\uff0e\u4f01\u4e1a\u793e\u4f1a\u8d23\u4efb\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c 2010\uff1a30\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u80fd\u4e92\u60e0\u4e92\u5229\uff0c\u5408\u4f5c\u5171\u8d62\uff0c\u5171\u5b58\u548c\u4e50\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u8bb8\u591a\u4f01\u4e1a\u5bb6\u5927\u529b\u63a8\u8fdb\u6148\u5584\u4e8b\u4e1a\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6bd4\u5c14\u2022\u76d6\u8328\u6350\u732e\u5de8\u989d\u8d22\u5bcc\u652f\u63f4\u975e\u6d32\u6539\u5584\u533b\u7597\uff0c\u5728\u5168\u7f8e\u751a\u81f3\u6765\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fdb\u884c\u201c\u529d\u52df\u201d\u6f14\u8bf4\u4e0d\u9057\u4f59\u529b\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e16\u4eba\u505a\u4e86\u201c\u4e3a\u5bcc\u884c\u4ec1\u201d\u7684\u597d\u699c\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u57fa\u4e8e\u4f5b\u6cd5\u718f\u9676\u3001\u9053\u5fb7\u5185\u5316\u800c\u751f\u6210\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u5b8c\u5584\u548c\u81ea\u5f8b\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u63a7\u5236\u201d\uff08Social Control\uff09\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u63a7\u5236\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u9884\u9632\u3001\u6291\u5236\u3001\u8c03\u8282\u3001\u548c\u77eb\u6cbb\u793e\u4f1a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5408\u7406\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u63a7\u5236\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7ef4\u6301\u793e\u4f1a\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u800c\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5219\u662f\u4eba\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u63a7\u5236\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u786c\u63a7\u5236\u4e0e\u8f6f\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u786c\u63a7\u5236\u662f\u6307\u8fd0\u7528\u5f3a\u5236\u6027\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u5982\u653f\u6743\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7b49\u8feb\u4f7f\u793e\u4f1a\u6210\u5458\u53bb\u9075\u5b88\u65e2\u5b9a\u89c4\u8303\uff1b\u8f6f\u63a7\u5236\u662f\u6307\u8fd0\u7528\u975e\u5f3a\u5236\u6027\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u5982\u4f26\u7406\u9053\u5fb7\u3001\u8206\u8bba\u3001\u98ce\u4fd7\u6587\u5316\u7b49\u5f15\u5bfc\u793e\u4f1a\u6210\u5458\u53bb\u8ba4\u540c\u5e76\u9075\u5b88\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u63a7\u5236\u3002(164)<\/p>\n

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    (164) \u5411\u5fb7\u5e73\u4e3b\u7f16\uff0e\u793e\u4f1a\u95ee\u9898\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2011\uff1a30\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (165) \u5434\u94ce\u4e3b\u7f16\uff0e\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1992\uff1a361-362\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    \u4e8c\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u201c\u5bcc\u6709\u201d<\/p>\n

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    (170) \u201c\u6211\u901a\u8fbe\u4e8c\u79cd\u6cd5\uff0c\u5176\u4e00\u4e0d\u538c\u8db3\u5584\u6cd5\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u7cbe\u52e4\u4e0d\u9000\u8f6c\u3002\u6211\u65e0\u9000\u8f6c\u4e4b\u7cbe\u52e4\u8005–\u5b81\u53ef\u76ae\u80a4\u3001\u7b4b\u8089\u3001\u9aa8\u5e72\u5c3d\u3001\u8eab\u5185\u8840\u8089\u6db8\u7aed\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u51e1\u80fd\u4ee5\u4e08\u592b\u4e4b\u52bf\u3001\u4e08\u592b\u4e4b\u7cbe\u8fdb\u3001\u4e08\u592b\u4e4b\u52c7\u51b3\uff0c\u82e5\u672a\u8bc1\u89c9\u609f\uff0c\u7edd\u4e0d\u820d\u5f03\u7cbe\u8fdb\u3002\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6211\u7531\u4e0d\u653e\u9038\u800c\u8bc1\u83e9\u63d0\u667a\uff0c\u7531\u4e0d\u653e\u9038\u800c\u8bc1\u5f97\u65e0\u4e0a\u5b89\u7a33\u6cd5\u3002\u2026\u2026\u8bf8\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u6c5d\u7b49\u5e94\u5f53\u5982\u662f\u5b66\u3002\u201d \ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.I.p. 50.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c19\uff0c\u987566\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    4\u6b63\u5f53\u751f\u5b58 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e86\u77e5\u8d22\u5165\u3001\u8d22\u51fa\uff0c\u4f5c\u6b63\u5f53\u4e4b\u751f\u5b58\uff0c\u4e0d\u5815\u5962\u4f88\u3001\u4e0d\u5815\u56f0\u4e4f\uff0c\u601d\uff1a<\/p>\n

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    (171) 1.u\u1e6d\u1e6dh\u0101nasampad\u0101\uff1b2.\u0101rakkhasampad\u0101\uff1b3.kaly\u0101\u1e47amittat\u0101\uff1b4.samaj\u012bvit\u0101\u3002\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.IV.p.281.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c23\uff0c\u9875177\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (172)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.I.p.116.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c19\uff0c\u9875170\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (173) \u6210\u5c31\u4e09\u652f\u4e4b\u5546\u4eba\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e45\u53ef\u589e\u5e7f\u3001\u589e\u5927\u5176\u8d22\u4ea7\u3002\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.I.p.116-117.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c19\uff0c\u9875171\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (174) \u6728\u6728\u4e3b\u7f16\uff0e\u4eba\u751f\u5fc5\u4ea4\u7684\u516b\u79cd\u670b\u53cb\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u91d1\u57ce\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2012\uff1a121\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    (175)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.III.p.182-184.\uff1b\ufe5dMBU.\ufe5e\u518c16\uff0cp.80-82.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    (177) \u55dc\u803d\u4e8e\u975e\u65f6\u6e38\u4e50\u8857\u8862\uff0c\u5b9e\u80fd\u751f\u6b64\u7b49\u516d\u79cd\u8fc7\u60a3\uff1a\u540d\u4e0d\u5b88\u62a4\u3001\u4e0d\u9632\u5fa1\u81ea\u5df1\uff1b\u540d\u4e0d\u5b88\u62a4\u3001\u4e0d\u9632\u5fa1\u59bb\u5b50\uff1b\u540d\u4e0d\u5b88\u62a4\u3001\u4e0d\u9632\u5fa1\u8d22\u4ea7\uff1b\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u884c\u4e3a\u4ee4\u5176\u4eba\u6000\u7591\uff1b\u5411\u5f7c\u751f\u8d77\u4e0d\u5b9e\u4e4b\u8a00\uff1b\u591a\u751f\u82e6\u60a3\u4e5f\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (178) \u803d\u7740\u4e8e\u5927\u620f\u6f14\u51fa\uff0c\u5b9e\u80fd\u751f\u6b64\u7b49\u516d\u79cd\u8fc7\u60a3\uff1a(\u5e38\u5e38\u60f3\u5bfb\u6c42)\u4f55\u5904\u6709\u821e\u8e48\uff0c\u5c31\u53bb\uff1b\u4f55\u5904\u6709\u6b4c\u5531\uff0c\u5c31\u53bb\uff1b\u4f55\u5904\u6709\u97f3\u4e50\uff0c\u5c31\u53bb\uff1b\u4f55\u5904\u6709\u594f\u4e50\uff0c\u5c31\u53bb\uff1b\u4f55\u5904\u6709\u4e50\u5668\uff0c\u5c31\u53bb\uff1b\u4f55\u5904\u6709\u957f\u9f13\uff0c\u5c31\u53bb\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (179) \u803d\u7740\u4e8e\u8d4c\u535a\u653e\u9038\uff0c\u5b9e\u80fd\u751f\u6b64\u7b49\u516d\u79cd\u8fc7\u60a3\uff1a\u5bf9\u80dc\u8005\u6709(\u654c\u4eba)\u7ed3\u6028\uff1b\u8d25\u8005\u56e0\u635f\u5931\u800c\u60b2\u4f24\uff1b\u5931\u73b0\u6709\u8d22\uff1b\u5165\u4e8e\u4f1a\u8bae\u8a00\u65e0\u6548\u529b\uff1b\u88ab\u670b\u53cb\u4e0e\u540c\u4e8b\u6240\u8f7b\u89c6\uff1b\u5a5a\u59fb\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd\uff0c\u56e0\u8d4c\u535a\u8005\u4e0d\u80fd\u517b\u6d3b\u59bb\u5b50\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (180) \u7ed3\u4ea4\u6076\u53cb\uff0c\u5b9e\u80fd\u751f\u6b64\u7b49\u516d\u79cd\u8fc7\u60a3\uff1a\u6210\u4e3a\u8d4c\u68cd\uff1b\u6210\u4e3a\u8272\u9b3c\uff1b\u6210\u4e3a\u5927\u9157\u9152\u8005\uff1b\u6210\u4e3a\u8bc8\u9a97\u8005\uff1b\u6210\u4e3a\u6b3a\u7792\u8005\uff1b\u6210\u4e3a\u6076\u68cd\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (181) \u803d\u7740\u4e8e\u61d2\u60f0\uff0c\u5b9e\u80fd\u751f\u6b64\u7b49\u516d\u79cd\u8fc7\u60a3\uff1a\u5e38\u63a8\u6258\u592a\u51b7\u800c\u4e0d\u505a\u4e8b\uff1b\u592a\u70ed\u800c\u4e0d\u505a\u4e8b\uff1b\u592a\u665a\u800c\u4e0d\u505a\u4e8b\uff1b\u592a\u65e9\u800c\u4e0d\u505a\u4e8b\uff1b\u6211\u751a\u997f\u800c\u4e0d\u505a\u4e8b\uff1b\u6211\u751a\u6e34\u800c\u4e0d\u4f5c\u4e1a\u3002\u4ed6\u603b\u662f\u4e8e\u4e8b\u4e1a\u591a\u501f\u53e3\u6545\uff0c\u5411\u4e8e\u672a\u751f\u4e4b\u5bcc\u5c31\u4e0d\u751f\uff0c\u5df2\u751f\u4e4b\u5bcc\u5c31\u635f\u5931\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    (185) \u662f\u6307\u4f5b\u6cd5\u77e5\u8bc6\uff1a\u77e5\u5584\u3001\u77e5\u6076\uff0c\u77e5\u798f\u3001\u77e5\u7f6a\uff0c\u77e5\u60d1\u3001\u4e1a\u3001\u82e6\uff0c\u77e5\u56e0\u679c\u56e0\u7f18\u7b49\u3002\u201c\u4eb2\u8fd1\u5584\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u53d7\u6301\u6240\u95fb\u3001\u79ef\u96c6\u6240\u95fb\uff0c\u5f7c\u8bf4\u521d\u5584\u3001\u4e2d\u5584\u3001\u540e\u5584\u53ca\u6709\u4e49\u3001\u6709\u6587\u4e4b\u6559\u6cd5\uff0c\u7eaf\u4e00\u5706\u6ee1\u6e05\u51c0\u4e4b\u68b5\u884c\u4e4b\u5ba3\u793a\uff0c\u5f7c\u591a\u95fb\u53d7\u6301\u5982\u662f\u4e4b\u8bf8\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e8e\u8bed\u719f\u8fbe\uff0c\u4e8e\u610f\u601d\u60df\uff0c\u4e8e\u89c1\u5584\u901a\u8fbe\u3002\u201d\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (186) \u5185\u5bb9\u5305\u542b\uff1a\u7269\u8d28\u5e03\u65bd\u3001\u820d\u5f03\u70e6\u607c\u60c5\u7eea\u3001\u5bbd\u6055\u539f\u8c05\u3001\u4f5b\u6cd5\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u4e16\u95f4\u804c\u4e1a\u6559\u80b2\u7b49\u3002\u201c\u4ee5\u79bb\u60ad\u541d\u57a2\u79fd\u4e4b\u5fc3\uff0c\u5e38\u65bd\u3001\u4eb2\u624b\u65bd\uff0c\u6b22\u559c\u65bd\u820d\uff0c\u76f8\u5e94\u4e8e\u4e5e\uff0c\u559c\u4e8e\u5206\u4e0e\u5e03\u65bd\u3002\u201d\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    \u00a0 \u00a0 2 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e0d\u5982\u6cd5 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5408\u7406\u6b63\u5f53\u751f\u5b58 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e0d\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u5206\u4eab \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e0d\u5949\u732e\u9020\u798f \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u6ca1\u6709<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 3 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e0d\u5982\u6cd5 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5408\u7406\u6b63\u5f53\u751f\u5b58 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u5206\u4eab \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5949\u732e\u9020\u798f \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6ca1\u6709<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 4 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5982\u6cd5\u548c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5408\u7406\u6b63\u5f53\u751f\u5b58 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e0d\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u5206\u4eab \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u4e0d\u5949\u732e\u9020\u798f \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u6ca1\u6709<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e0d\u5982\u6cd5<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 5 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5982\u6cd5\u548c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5408\u7406\u6b63\u5f53\u751f\u5b58 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e0d\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u5206\u4eab \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e0d\u5949\u732e\u9020\u798f \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6ca1\u6709<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e0d\u5982\u6cd5<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 6 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5982\u6cd5\u548c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5408\u7406\u6b63\u5f53\u751f\u5b58 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u5206\u4eab \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5949\u732e\u9020\u798f \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6ca1\u6709<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e0d\u5982\u6cd5<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 7 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5982\u6cd5 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u6b63\u5f53\u751f\u5b58 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e0d\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u5206\u4eab \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e0d\u5949\u732e\u9020\u798f \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6ca1\u6709<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 8 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5982\u6cd5 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5408\u7406\u6b63\u5f53\u751f\u5b58 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e0d\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u5206\u4eab \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e0d\u5949\u732e\u9020\u798f \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6ca1\u6709<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 9 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5982\u6cd5\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5408\u7406\u6b63\u5f53\u751f\u5b58 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u5206\u4eab \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5949\u732e\u9020\u798f \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6ca1\u6709<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 10 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5982\u6cd5 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5408\u7406\u6b63\u5f53\u751f\u5b58 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u5206\u4eab \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5949\u732e\u9020\u798f \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6709<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u603b\u7ed3 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e94\u6212 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6b63\u5f53\u751f\u5b58 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u65bd\u820d \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u667a\u6167<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u5728\u51e1\u592b\u4eab\u53d7\u6b32\u4e50\u7684\u5341\u79cd\u4eba\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u8d5e\u626c\u7b2c\u5341\u79cd\u4fd7\u4eba\u3002\u5982\u6cd5\u4ee5\u9053\u8ffd\u6c42\u8d22\u7269\u8005\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u5feb\u4e50\uff0c\u80fd\u5206\u914d\u3001\u80fd\u4f5c\u798f\uff0c\u4e0d\u8d2a\u8457\u3001\u4e0d\u8ff7\u5374\u3001\u4e0d\u5815\u7f6a\uff0c\u89c1\u8fc7\u60a3\u3001\u77e5\u8fdc\u79bb\u800c\u53d7\u7528\u5982\u6cd5\u6240\u5f97\u4e4b\u8d22\uff0c\u662f\u6700\u4e0a\u3001\u6700\u80dc\u3001\u6700\u5c0a\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a1.\u5982\u6cd5\u8ffd\u6c42\u8d22\u7269\uff08\u5b88\u6212\uff09\uff0c2.\u6b63\u5f53\u751f\u5b58\uff0c3.\u65bd\u820d\u5949\u732e\uff0c4. \u4e0d\u8d2a\u8457\u3001\u6709\u6167\u79bb\u6b32\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4eca\u4e16\u7684\u5e78\u798f\u5b89\u4e50\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u6765\u4e16\u7684\u5e78\u798f\u4e0e\u5b89\u4e50\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u80fd\u706d\u8bf8\u82e6\u3002\u300a\u90c1\u9607\u8fe6\u7ecf\u300b\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u6709\u56db\u6cd5\uff0c\u8d44\u4e8e\u5584\u7537\u5b50\u4e4b\u540e\u4e16\u5229\u76ca\u3001\u540e\u4e16\u5b89\u4e50\u3002\u4ee5\u4f55\u4e3a\u56db\u8036\uff1f\u5373\uff1a1.\u6b63\u4fe1\u5177\u8db3\uff0c2.\u5b88\u6212\u5177\u8db3\uff0c3.\u65bd\u820d\u5177\u8db3\uff0c4.\u667a\u6167\u5177\u8db3\u3002\u201d(199)<\/p>\n

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    (199)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.IV.p.288.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c23\uff0c\u9875186\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u7b14\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6b64\u4f5b\u6559\u7ecf\u6d4e\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u9002\u5408\u5404\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u662f\u5ba2\u89c2\u56fd\u9645\u6027\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u9053\u5fb7\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u4f5b\u6559\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4eba\u4e0e\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u3001\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u96c6\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8c03\u6574\u4eba\u4eec\u5229\u76ca\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u89c4\u8303\u3002\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u53d6\u5f97\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u5b9e\u73b0\u751f\u547d\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff1a\u5229\u4ed6\u3001\u4fee\u6ce2\u7f57\u871c\u3001\u5949\u732e\u793e\u4f1a\u5927\u4f17\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0\u793e\u4f1a\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u53ca\u5171\u540c\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4f5b\u6559\u201c\u4e49\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5229\u201d\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u529f\u5229\u548c\u5949\u732e\u7684\u8fa9\u8bc1\u7edf\u4e00\uff0c\u76f8\u8f85\u76f8\u6210\uff0c\u5f15\u5bfc\u4eba\u7c7b\u62e5\u6709\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u751f\u547d\u6001\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u82e5\u4eba\u4eec\u80fd\u4f9d\u6b64\u5b9e\u8df5\u7ecf\u6d4e\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4e34\u7ec8\u65f6\u5c06\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u5185\u5fc3\u5b81\u9759\u3001\u6cd5\u559c\u5145\u6ee1\uff0c\u7edd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6050\u60e7\u3001\u5bb3\u6015\u3001\u65e0\u5948\u5730\u9762\u4e34\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u201c\u4e34\u7ec8\u81ea\u5ea6\u5173\u6000\u201d\u3002\u4f5b\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u73b0\u4e16\u4e8e\u6b64\u559c\u60a6\uff0c\u6b7b\u540e\u4ed6\u4e16\u6b22\u4e50\uff0c\u9020\u8bf8\u798f\u4e1a\u8005\uff0c\u4e24\u4e16\u7686\u6b22\u559c\uff0c\u8c13\uff1a\u2018\u4eca\u9020\u798f\u4e1a\u559c\uff0c\u5f80\u5584\u8da3\u66f4\u559c\u2019\u3002(200) \u201d\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u4ee5\u6148\u5fc3\u3001\u60b2\u5fc3\u3001\u559c\u5fc3\u3001\u820d\u5fc3 (201) \u5bf9\u5f85\u4ed6\u4eba\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b22\u559c\u3001\u7cbe\u8fdb\u3001\u7528\u5fc3\u3001\u667a\u6167\u89c2\u5bdf (202) \u7684\u5fc3\u6001\u5bf9\u5f85\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u751f\u6d3b\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u4e5f\u7b26\u5408\u5f53\u4ee3\u7684\u201c\u4f01\u4e1a\u793e\u4f1a\u8d23\u4efb\u201d\uff08CSR\uff09\u3001 \u201c\u4f01\u4e1a\u516c\u6c11 (203) \u201d \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u89c2\u5ff5\u3002\u5728\u7ba1\u7406\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u5e94\u7528\u56db\u9879\u4ec1\u6148\u7684\u539f\u5219 (204)\uff1a\u5e03\u65bd\u3001\u60a6\u8bed\u3001\u5229\u4ed6\u3001\u7b49\u5229\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e92\u5229\u4e92\u60e0\uff08mutual benefit\uff09\u65b9\u5f0f\u884c\u4e8b\u3002\u7b14\u8005\u6574\u7406\u5982\u4e0b\u8868\uff1a<\/p>\n

    (200)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eDh.p.4-5.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c26\uff0c\u987514-15\u3002\u300a\u6cd5\u53e5\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (201) \u56db\u65e0\u91cf\u5fc3\uff08cat\u0101ro brahmavih\u0101radham\uff09\uff0c\u5373\uff1a\u6148 (mett\u0101)\u3001\u60b2 (karu\u1e47\u0101)\u3001 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u559c (mudit\u0101)\u3001\u820d (upekkh\u0101)\u3002\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.III.p.223-224.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (202) \u56db\u795e\u8db3\uff0c\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.III.p.221-222.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (203)\uff08Corporate Citizen\uff09\u4f01\u4e1a\u516c\u6c11\u6838\u5fc3\u89c2\u70b9\u662f\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u6210\u529f\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u53d1\u5c55\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u4f01\u4e1a\u5728\u83b7\u53d6\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u5404\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u56de\u62a5\u793e\u4f1a\u3002\u4f01\u4e1a\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u8981\u7d20\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u6709\u793e\u4f1a\u8d23\u4efb\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u8d23\u4efb\u4e24\u5927\u7c7b\u3002\u5185\u5bb9\u5305\u62ec\u56db\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff1a1\u3001\u597d\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u6cbb\u7406\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u4ef7\u503c\uff1b2\u3001\u5bf9\u4eba\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\uff1b3\u3001\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\uff1b4\u3001\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u5e7f\u4e49\u8d21\u732e\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (204) \u56db\u6444\u6cd5\uff08cat\u0101ro sa\u1e45gaha-vatthu\uff09\uff0c\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.III.p.232.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u539f\u5219 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5185\u5bb9 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5f53\u4ee3\u7ec4\u7ec7\/\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a01.\u5e03\u65bd \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u5206\u4eab\u3001\u6177\u6168\u3001\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7ed9\u4e88 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4f01\u4e1a\u6148\u5584\uff08Corporate Philanthropy\uff09<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u6559\u80b2\u57f9\u517b\u4eba\u624d\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a02.\u60a6\u8bed \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u76f8\u4e92\u8bf4\u597d\u8bdd\u3001\u771f\u5b9e\u3001\u5408\u65f6\u5b9c\u3001 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u4f01\u4e1a\u4f20\u64ad \u00a0\uff08Corporate Communication\uff09<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5229\u76ca\u5bf9\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a03.\u5229\u4ed6 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u76f8\u4e92\u5229\u76ca\u5bf9\u65b9\u3001\u5229\u76ca\u5927\u4f17\u3002 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u793e\u533a\u5fd7\u613f\u670d\u52a1 \u00a0\u00a0\uff08Community Volunteering\uff09<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a04.\u7b49\u5229 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u6b63\u4e49\u3001\u516c\u5e73\uff0c\u505a\u9002\u5408\u81ea\u5df1\u8eab\u4efd \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u516c\u5e73\u5f85\u9047\uff08Equitable Treatment\uff09<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u51e1\u4e8b\u8d1f\u8d23\uff0c\u505a\u597d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u4efd\u5185\u4e8b\uff0c\u51e1\u4e8b\u5c3d\u8d23\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u56db\u9879\u4ec1\u6148\u7684\u539f\u5219\u53ef\u8fd0\u7528\u4e8e\u5f53\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u5404\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e2d\uff0c\u534f\u52a9\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5185\u90e8\u7edf\u5408\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u826f\u597d\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ba1\u6cbb\uff08Good Corporate Governance\uff09\u3002\u4ee4\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5177\u6709\u6148\u5584\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u5c06\u4f01\u4e1a\u57fa\u91d1\u5229\u6da6\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u8f6c\u6210\u6148\u5584\u57fa\u91d1\u5949\u732e\uff0c\u91c7\u53d6\u201c\u56de\u9988\u793e\u4f1a\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5229\u6da6\u5206\u4eab\u201d\u3001\u4ece\u4e8b\u516c\u76ca\u6d3b\u52a8\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u5c31\u4f1a\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u6148\u5584\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6253\u9020\u826f\u6027\u5faa\u73af\u6c1b\u56f4\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u6587\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e94\u3001\u5efa\u6784\u804c\u4e1a\u7cbe\u795e<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    (205) \u5723\u4e25\u6cd5\u5e08\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a\u201c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u5982\u679c\u914d\u5408\u4eba\u6587\u6216\u662f\u6587\u5316\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u5c31\u4f1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u7a33\u5b9a\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u7740\u773c\u4e8e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u4eba\u6587\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u63a8\u52a8\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u201d \u5723\u4e25\u6cd5\u5e08\u3001\u80e1\u5fd7\u5f3a\u3001\u5434\u82e5\u6743\u3001\u8521\u8bd7\u840d\u7b49\uff0e\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u6000\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\uff1a\u6cd5\u9f13\u6587\u5316\uff0c2006\uff1a197\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u7ef4\u5e93\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4eba\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u6307\u5357\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u6548\u7684\u9f13\u821e\u4eba\u5fc3\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u201d (206) \u804c\u4e1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u662f\u4ee5\u4eba\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u7684\uff0c\u82e5\u4e2a\u4eba\u62e5\u6709\u6b63\u5f53\u7684\u751f\u547d\u89c2\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5728\u5176\u6b63\u5f53\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u4e2d\u63d0\u5347\u5de5\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u6c38\u4e45\u7a33\u5b9a\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5e76\u4fc3\u8fdb\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u8c10\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b89\u7a33\u5174\u76db\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4ece\u6574\u4f53\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u804c\u4e1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u9664\u4e86\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4f18\u8d28\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u6811\u7acb\u5458\u5de5\u7684\u6b63\u89c1\u3001\u6b63\u601d\u60df\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u63d0\u9ad8\u804c\u5458\u7684\u7d20\u8d28\uff0c\u5851\u9020\u826f\u597d\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5bf9\u5458\u5de5\u6709\u5408\u7406\u7684\u798f\u5229\u4e0e\u5173\u6000\u3002\u82e5\u804c\u4e1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6709\u5408\u7406\u6b63\u5f53\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3001\u613f\u666f\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\uff0c\u627f\u62c5\u793e\u4f1a\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u5bf9\u5355\u4f4d\u5168\u4f53\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5927\u4f17\u6709\u5229\uff0c\u5c06\u80fd\u4fc3\u4f7f\u6210\u5458\u5171\u540c\u8ba4\u540c\uff0c\u51dd\u805a\u5458\u5de5\u7684\u5411\u5fc3\u529b\u548c\u79ef\u6781\u6027\uff0c\u5438\u5f15\u5e76\u7559\u4f4f\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4eba\u624d\u3002\u4f5b\u6559\u91cd\u89c6\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4f53\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u5176\u6574\u4f53\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002\u82e5\u5c06\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7406\u5ff5\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u5185\u5316\u5230\u4e2a\u4eba\u5185\u5fc3\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u4ed6\u5185\u5728\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5f53\u804c\u5458\u8ba4\u540c\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u3001\u601d\u60f3\u987a\u3001\u60f3\u5f97\u5f00\uff0c\u5c06\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u96c6\u4f53\u613f\u666f\u800c\u52aa\u529b\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u70ed\u60c5\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5c06\u804c\u4e1a\u6210\u4e3a\u81ea\u7acb\u3001\u5229\u4ed6\u3001\u4fee\u6ce2\u7f57\u871c\u7684\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u5176\u5c06\u81ea\u6211\u6fc0\u52b1\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u76d1\u7763\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5949\u732e (207)\uff0c\u5e76\u5f00\u53d1\u5176\u5185\u5728\u6f5c\u80fd\uff0c\u4ed8\u51fa\u8d85\u51fa\u5c97\u4f4d\u6240\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u4f53\u73b0\u81ea\u6211\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ee9\u6548\u4f1a\u5168\u9762\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002\u82e5\u591a\u4eba\u4e60\u60ef\uff0c\u826f\u597d\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u98ce\u5c1a\u5219\u4f1a\u9010\u6e10\u5f62\u6210\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u5f53\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6709\u4e86\u826f\u597d\u7684\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u65b0\u6765\u7684\u5458\u5de5\u4e5f\u4f1a\u81ea\u7136\u800c\u7136\u5730\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u9075\u5faa\u5176\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4f18\u826f\u6c14\u6c1b\u6b63\u5411\u5faa\u73af\u3002\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\u6b63\u89c1\u3001\u6b63\u5f53\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ba1\u7406\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u201c\u5efa\u6784\u56e2\u961f\u7cbe\u795e\u201d\u5bf9\u4e8e\u804c\u4e1a\u5355\u4f4d\u53d1\u5c55\u4e5f\u76f8\u5f53\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u6b63\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u56e2\u7ed3\u5c31\u662f\u529b\u91cf\u201d\u3002\u5b5f\u5b50\u66f0\uff1a\u201c\u5929\u65f6\u4e0d\u5982\u5730\u5229\uff0c\u5730\u5229\u4e0d\u5982\u4eba\u548c\u201d\u3002\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d\u4ea6\u6709\u201c\u516d\u53ef\u5fc6\u5ff5\u6cd5\u201d (208)\uff0c\u53ef\u4fc3\u4f7f\u56e2\u961f\u5408\u548c\u5b89\u4e50\u4e0e\u56e2\u7ed3\u3002\u7b14\u8005\u6574\u7406\u5982<\/p>\n

    (206) \u5434\u7ef4\u5e93\uff0e\u4ee5\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u4e3a\u672c\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u673a\u68b0\u5de5\u4e1a\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2012\uff1a95\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    (208)\uff08s\u0101r\u0101\u1e47\u012byadhamma\uff09\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eM.II.p. 250-251.(S\u0101mag\u0101ma sutta)\uff1b\u300a\u4e2d\u963f\u542b\u7ecf\u2219\u5468\u90a3\u7ecf\u300b T01.26.p.755b\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    (197)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.V.p.177-182.\uff08k\u0101mabhog\u012b Sutta\uff09\uff1b\ufe5dMBU.\ufe5e\u518c38\uff0cp.290-296.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (198) \u4e0d\u8d2a\u8457\u3001\u4e0d\u8ff7\u5374\u3001\u4e0d\u5815\u7f6a\u3001\u89c1\u8fc7\u60a3\u3001\u77e5\u51fa\u8981\u800c\u53d7\u7528\u6b64\u7b49\u8d22\u7269\u3002\u4e86\u77e5\u4e16\u95f4\u8d22\u5bcc\u662f\u65e0\u5e38\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4fee\u6ce2\u7f57\u871c\u624b\u6bb5\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    [\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_toggle title=”\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0” el_id=”1499305568447-16ed4174-7b9c”]<\/p>\n

    \u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u2014\u2014\u5b66\u6821\u5b9e\u8df5\u516b\u6b63\u9053<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\uff08V-Star\uff09\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u8d77\u6e90<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a02006\u5e74\uff0c\u7531\u6cf0\u56fd\u56fd\u9645\u4f5b\u5b66\u793e\u53d1\u8d77\uff0c\u9080\u8bf7\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u516c\u52a1\u5458\u548c\u5404\u4e2d\u5c0f\u5b66\u6559\u5e08\u53c2\u52a0\u4f5b\u6cd5\u9053\u5fb7\u57f9\u8bad\u73ed\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6cf0\u5317\u6e05\u8fc8\u5e9c\uff08Chiangmai Province\uff09\u5e15\u7eb3\u74e6\u4e1b\u6797\u7985\u4fee\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08Panawat\uff09\u5949\u884c\u7985\u4fee\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u4ece\u6b64\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u63a5\u8fde\u4e0d\u65ad\u6709\u6559\u80b2\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u548c\u6559\u5e08\u53c2\u52a0\u4f5b\u6cd5\u9053\u5fb7\u57f9\u8bad\u73ed\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4eba\u6570\u5df2\u8fbe\u4e94\u5343\u4f59\u4eba\u3002\u57f9\u8bad\u4e2d\u7684\u6559\u5e08\u4eec\u6301\u6709\u5171\u540c\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u5373\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u6c34\u5e73\u6709\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u6559\u5e08\u4eec\u5168\u5fc3\u5168\u529b\u53d1\u6325\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u8fdb\u884c\u5ea7\u8c08\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u57f9\u517b\u5b66\u751f\u9053\u5fb3\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u65b9\u9488\uff0c\u8fbe\u6210\u590d\u5174\u56fd\u5bb6\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u6587\u660e\u53ca\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4ece\u90a3\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u6cd5\u80dc\u6cd5\u5e08 (1) \u63d0\u51fa \u201c\u590d\u5174\u4e16\u754c\u9053\u5fb3\u9879\u76ee\u201d\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5168\u9762\u63d0\u5347\u6cf0\u56fd\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u9053\u5fb3\u6587\u660e\u6c34\u51c6\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u9053\u5fb7\u6a21\u8303\u9752\u5e74\u9886\u8896\u6216\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\uff08The Virtuous Star\uff0cV-Star\uff09\u624d\u5fb7\u517c\u5907\uff0c\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u548c\u56e2\u4f53\u8d1f\u8d23\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u5bb6\u5ead\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0e\u56fd\u5bb6\u672a\u6765\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u3002\u6d3b\u52a8\u7531\u5bb6\u5ead\u3001\u5bfa\u9662\u3001\u5b66\u6821\u4e09\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u5355\u4f4d\u5408\u4f5c\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u900f\u8fc7\u6301\u7eed\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4f5c\u606f\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u4e60\u6027\uff0c\u517c\u5b9e\u8df5\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u76ca\u6d3b\u52a8\u53ca\u5b66\u4e60\u4f5b\u6cd5\u3001\u63d0\u5347\u9752\u5e74\u6f5c\u80fd\uff0c\u4ee5\u9053\u5fb7\u57f9\u8bad\u718f\u9676\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u6c38\u4e45\u624e\u6839\u4e8e\u9752\u5e74\u9886\u8896\u5fc3\u4e2d\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u5178\u8303\uff0c\u4f20\u64ad\u4ec1\u6148\u5fb7\u884c\u3001\u5f71\u54cd\u5468\u906d\u7684\u9752\u5e74\u670b\u53cb\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e43\u81f3\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u201c\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u201d\u9879\u76ee\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u6cf0\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u80fd\u5c06\u4f5b\u6cd5\u5168\u9762\u5e94\u7528\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bb6\u5ead\u3001\u5bfa\u9662\u548c\u5b66\u6821\u4ea6\u88ab\u652f\u6301\u8054\u76df\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u6b64\u9879\u76ee\u7b26\u5408\u7687\u5bb6\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u65b9\u9488\uff0c\u6cf0\u738b\u666e\u5bc6\u84ec\u00b7\u963f\u675c\u5fb7\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u82e5\u80fd\u5c06\u4f5b\u6559\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u4e0e\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b<\/p>\n

    (1) \u6cd5\u8eab\u5bfa\u73b0\u4efb\u4f4f\u6301\u2500\u2500\u6cf0\u56fd\u5927\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u5e72\u90e8\u6148\u60b2\u8d50\u5c01 \u5e15\u8d34\u96c5\u6469\u8bc3\u725f\u5c3c\uff08Phrathepyanmaha muni\uff09\u4e4b\u50e7\u4f3d\u7235\u4f4d\uff0c\u201c\u4e0a\u6cd5\u4e0b\u80dc\u6cd5\u5e08\u201d\u4e4b\u50e7\u540d\u3002\u521b\u59cb\u6cd5\u8eab\u5bfa\u7684\u56e2\u4f53\u5171\u5b88\u5176\u76ee\u7684\u4e3a\uff1a\u6559\u5bfc\u9053\u5fb7\u7ed9\u5927\u4f17\uff0c\u4ee5\u5185\u5728\u548c\u5e73\u6269\u5927\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u548c\u5e73\u3002\u800c\u5b9e\u9645\u4f5c\u6cd5\u4e3a\uff1a\u4e00\u3001\u5efa\u7acb\u5177\u5907\u4f18\u826f\u4fee\u884c\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5bfa\u9662\uff1b\u4e8c\u3001\u57f9\u517b\u6b63\u50e7\uff1b\u4e09\u3001\u57f9\u517b\u793e\u4f1a\u5584\u4eba\u3002\u5854\u8fbe\u5947\u6e25\u6cd5\u5e08\uff0e\u4f5b\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u7406\u5ff5 \uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5df4\u541e\u5b83\u5c3c\uff1a\u6cd5\u8eab\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\uff0c1992\uff1a19\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u7ed3\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u52a0\u5f3a\u5176\u95f4\u7684\u5bc6\u5207\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e00\u5207\u6062\u590d\u72b9\u5982\u6cf0\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u5b66\u6821\u5373\u5bfa\u9662\u3001\u5bfa\u9662\u5373\u5b66\u6821\uff0c\u5c06\u4f7f\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u540e\u4ee3\u5b50\u5b59\u540c\u65f6\u5177\u6709\u5b66\u672f\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u9ad8\u5c1a\u5584\u826f\u7684\u5fc3\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u5584\u5fc3\u4eba\u58eb\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u53d1\u5c55\u793e\u4f1a\u79e9\u5e8f\u3001\u548c\u8c10\u3002\u201d (2)<\/p>\n

    \u201c\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u201d\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u6cf0\u56fd\u6cd5\u8eab\u5bfa\u8fdb\u884c\u9053\u5fb7\u6807\u51c6\u8bc4\u9274\u548c\u4f5b\u6559\u6587\u5316\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e\u6bcf\u5e74\u4e3e\u884c\u9881\u5956\u4eea\u5f0f\uff0c\u9881\u53d1\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ea7\u5956\u9879\u7ed9\u8868\u73b0\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u5404\u6240\u5b66\u6821\uff0c\u9881\u5956\u5730\u70b9\u662f\u6cd5\u8eab\u5bfa\u5927\u6cd5\u8eab\u820d\u5229\u5854\u5e7f\u573a\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u5e74\u7684\u9881\u5956\u4eea\u5f0f\u90fd\u4f1a\u96c6\u5408\u51e0\u5341\u4e07\u4f4d\u7684\u201c\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u201d\u5b66\u751f\u4eec\u524d\u6765\u53c2\u52a0 V-Star \u6d3b\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u7b2c\u4e00\u8282\uff1a\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u601d\u60f3\u539f\u5219\u4e0e\u5b9e\u8df5<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u201c\u590d\u5174\u4e16\u754c\u9053\u5fb7\u8ba1\u5212\u201d \u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7406\u5ff5<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u4e3a\u4e86\u57f9\u517b\u5177\u624d\u5fb7\u517c\u5907\u7684\u6a21\u8303\u9752\u5e74\u800c\u5c06\u4f5b\u6559\u4f26\u7406\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u65e5\u5e38\u4f5c\u606f\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u517b\u6210\u5584\u4e60\u6027\uff0c\u8f85\u4ee5\u521b\u65b0\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u53ca\u5404\u79cd\u96c6\u4f53\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u7406\u5ff5\u5373\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e00\u3001\u4ee5\u5174\u76db\u4e4b\u56db\u6cd5 (3) \u6559\u5bfc\u5b66\u751f<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u4e3a\u4e86\u57f9\u517b\u5b66\u751f\u5177\u5907\u660e\u667a\u548c\u5fb7\u884c\u3001\u6210\u4e3a\u624d\u5fb7\u517c\u5907\u7684\u4eba\u58eb\uff0c\u67094\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \uff08\u4e00\uff09\u9075\u4ece\u5584\u5e08\u7528\u5fc3\u6559\u5bfc\uff08sappurisa-sa\u1e43seva\u4eb2\u8fd1\u5584\u58eb,\u7ed3\u4ea4\u5584\u58eb (4)\uff09\u5c31\u5982\u540c\u6709\u597d\u7684\u6559\u7ec3\uff0c\u8fd0\u52a8\u5458\u5c31\u4f1a\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5bfb\u627e\u5584\u5e08\u76f8\u5f53\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n

    \uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u8c1b\u542c\u8001\u5e08\u7684\u6559\u5bfc\uff08saddhamma-savana \u542c\u95fb\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u6559\u4e49 (5)\uff09\u4e86\u77e5\u5584\u5e08\u6559\u5bfc\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u5b66\u751f\u638c\u63e1\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8ba4\u77e5\u5176\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u5185\u6db5\u201c\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\uff08What\uff09\u201d<\/p>\n

    (2) \u6cf0\u738b\u666e\u5bc6\u84ec\u00b7\u963f\u675c\u5fb7\uff08Bhumibol Adulyadej\uff09\u6307\u5bfc\u66fc\u8c37\u94f6\u884c\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff0c\u4f5b\u53862514\u5e74\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (3)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.III.p.227.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.347.\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.V.p.404.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    \uff08\u56db\uff09\u660e\u7406\u800c\u4f5c\uff08dhamm\u0101nudhamma-pa\u1e6dipatti \u6cd5\u968f\u6cd5\u7684\u4fee\u884c (7)\uff09\u6700\u540e\u80fd\u9075\u7167\u6559\u4e49\u6b63\u5f53\u5730\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u5b66\u751f\u61c2\u5f97\u95ee\u95ee\u9898\u5373\u201c\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u8df5\uff1f\uff08How\uff09\u201d<\/p>\n

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    (6) \u662f\u6307\u4e86\u89e3\u5584\u5e08\u6559\u5bfc\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u7406\u667a\u89c2\u5bdf\u5176\u5185\u6db5\u610f\u4e49\u662f\u5426\u5408\u7406\u6027\u4e0e\u5982\u4f55\u5584\u5de7\u8fd0\u7528\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    1892\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4e4b\u7236\u5a01\u5ec9\u2022\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\u63d0\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u660e\u786e\u7684\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5b9e\u90fd\u662f\u7531\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u4e60\u60ef\u6784\u6210\u7684\u3002\u201d\u675c\u514b\u5927\u5b662006\u5e74\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u62a5\u544a\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4eba\u6bcf\u5929\u670940%\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7531\u51b3\u5b9a\u4fc3\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6e90\u4e8e\u4e60\u60ef\u3002(10)<\/p>\n

    \u73b0\u5b9e\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u81ea\u8eab\u5185\u5916\u5904\u5883\uff0c\u5e38\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1\u4e60\u60ef\u505a\u51fa\u81ea\u52a8\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u4e14\u672c\u8eab\u5f80\u5f80\u610f\u8bc6\u4e0d\u5230\u3002\u82e5\u6ca1\u6709\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u89c9\u77e5\u5173\u7167\uff0c\u8eab\u53e3\u610f\u4f1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u5bb9\u6613\u72af\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u77e5\u9053\u4e60\u6027\u5982\u4f55\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u6cd5\u6539\u5584\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u57f9\u517b\u5584\u826f\u7684\u4e60\u6027\u3002\u201c\u4e60\u6027\u201d\u662f\u81ea\u8eab\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f(Program)\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u81ea\u5df1\u5c31\u662f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8005 (Programer)\u3002<\/p>\n

    (9) \u6559\u80b2\u90e8\uff0e\u57fa\u7840\u6559\u80b2\u6838\u5fc3\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u66fc\u8c37\uff1a\u6cf0\u56fd\u519c\u4e1a\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\uff0c2008\uff1a51\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (10)\uff3b\u7f8e\uff3d\u90fd\u5e0c\u683c\uff08Charles Duhigg\uff09\uff0c\u5434\u5955\u4fca\u7b49\u8bd1\uff0e\u4e60\u60ef\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u4fe1\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2013\uff1a\u524d\u8a00xvii.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    \u9a6c\u767b\uff08O.S.Marden\uff09\u4e8e\u300a\u4e2a\u6027\u5f71\u54cd\u4e00\u751f\u7684\u6210\u8d25\u300b\u4e2d\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9752\u5e74\u4eba\u8981\u60f3\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u66f4\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u79cd\u6700\u53ef\u8d35\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u2500\u2500\u826f\u597d\u7684\u4e60\u60ef\u3002\u6709\u826f\u597d\u7684\u4e60\u60ef\u7684\u4eba\u8fdc\u6bd4\u90a3\u4e9b\u6cbe\u67d3\u5404\u79cd\u6076\u4e60\u7684\u4eba\u5bb9\u6613\u6210\u529f\u3002\u2026\u2026\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u54c1\u683c\u5927\u90fd\u662f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4ed6\u7684\u4e60\u60ef\u6765\u57f9\u690d\u6210\u529f\u7684\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u539f\u6765\u54c1\u6027\u4f18\u826f\uff0c\u4f46\u540e\u6765\u56e0\u4e3a\u6cbe\u67d3\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6076\u4e60\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u518d\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u51fa\u5934\u4e4b\u65e5\u3002\u2026\u2026\u5982\u679c\u7a0d\u7a0d\u5206\u6790\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u77e5\u9053\u5927\u90fd\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u7740\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u826f\u7684\u4e60\u60ef\u3002(12) \u201d<\/p>\n

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    (13) \u201c\u8654\u656c\u800c\u8c26\u900a\uff0c\u6b64\u4e3a\u6700\u5409\u7965\u201d\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c26\uff0c\u98753\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eKhp.p.3.\u300a\u5409\u7965\u7ecf\u300b\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (14) \u201c\u8c26\u606d\u6709\u5fcd\u8fb1\uff0c\u6b64\u4e3a\u6700\u5409\u7965\u201d\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c26\uff0c\u98753\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eKhp.p.3.\u300a\u5409\u7965\u7ecf\u300b<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (15) Ven.Padet Dattajivo \u6cd5\u8eab\u5bfa\u526f\u4e3b\u6301<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (16) Ven.Padet Dattajivo and Suwanee Srisopha\uff0eThe Scince and art of teaching\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e Bangkok: SKSG print, 2010\uff1a117-125.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    (17) \u76f8\u5e94\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8fe6\u53f6\uff01\u4e8e\u6b64\u6709\u6bd4\u4e18\u3001\u6bd4\u4e18\u5c3c\u3001\u4f18\u5a46\u585e\u3001\u4f18\u5a46\u5937\u7b49\uff0c\u5c0a\u656c\u4f5b\u3001\u4f4f\u968f\u987a\uff0c\u5c0a\u656c\u6cd5\u3001\u4f4f\u968f\u987a\uff0c\u5c0a\u656c\u50e7\u4f3d\u3001\u4f4f\u968f\u987a\uff0c\u5c0a\u656c\u5b66\u3001\u4f4f\u968f\u987a\uff0c\u5c0a\u656c\u5b9a\u3001\u4f4f\u968f\u987a\u3002\u8fe6\u53f6\uff01\u6b64\u7b49\u4e4b\u4e94\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e3a\u6b63\u6cd5\u4e4b\u786e\u7acb\uff0c\u4e0d\u6df7\u4e71\u3001\u4e0d\u706d\u3002\u201d\uff08\u76f8\u53cd\u4ea6\u7136\uff09\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c14\uff0c\u9875277\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eS.II.p.225.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    (19)\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c22\uff0c\u9875228\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.IV.p.28.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    \n<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u590d\u5174\u4e16\u754c\u9053\u5fb7\u9879\u76ee \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u7eaa\u5f8b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5c0a\u656c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5fcd\u8010
    \n<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u7279\u5f81(22)<\/p>\n

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    (21) \u6559\u80b2\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7684\u516b\u79cd\u7f8e\u5fb7\uff1a\u8282\u7ea6\u3001\u8bda\u4fe1\u3001\u7eaa\u5f8b\u3001\u5e72\u51c0\u3001\u793c\u8c8c\u3001\u4ec1\u6148\u3001\u52e4\u594b\u3001\u548c\u8c10\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e09\u3001\u4e60\u6027\u4e4b\u80cc\u666f<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    (23) \u51b0\u5c71\u7ea6\u670990%\u4f53\u79ef\u6c89\u5728\u6d77\u6c34\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u3002\u5728\u5f17\u6d1b\u4f0a\u5fb7\u7684\u4eba\u683c\u7406\u8bba\u4e2d\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4eba\u7684\u4eba\u683c\u5c31\u50cf\u6d77\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u51b0\u5c71\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u9732\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u4ec5\u4ec5\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5373\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u5c42\u9762\uff1b\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u5904\u4e8e\u65e0\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4eba\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5206\u4e3a\u8d85\u6211\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u3001\u672c\u6211\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u8d85\u6211\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u7531\u9053\u5fb7\u5224\u65ad\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u7b49\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u672c\u6211\u662f\u4eba\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u6b32\u671b\uff0c\u81ea\u6211\u4ecb\u4e8e\u8d85\u6211\u548c\u672c\u6211\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u534f\u8c03\u672c\u6211\u548c\u8d85\u6211\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    (24) \u5373\u662f\u201c\u65e5\u5e38\u4e8b\u52a1\u201d\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\u826f\u597d\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4f5c\u606f\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u662f\u628a\u4e0d\u597d\u7684\u4e60\u6027\u8c03\u6574\u4e3a\u597d\u7684\u4e60\u6027\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    \n9.\u6709\u5316\u751f\u4f17\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n

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    (28) \u4e3a\u4e86\u57f9\u517b\u5b66\u751f\u5206\u4eab\u3001\u5e03\u65bd\u53ca\u56e2\u7ed3\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u4ee5\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f5b\u65e5\u65f6\u8bf7 V-Star \u5b66\u751f\u4ece\u5bb6\u91cc\u5404\u5e26\u4e00\u53ea\u6c34\u679c\u6765\u805a\u5408\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u4e00\u8d77\u5e26\u53bb\u4f9b\u517b\u9644\u8fd1\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u5bfa\u9662\u50e7\u56e2\uff0c\u5e76\u656c\u8bf7\u50e7\u4eba\u6559\u80b2\u751f\u6d3b\u4f5b\u6cd5\uff0c\u5176\u6d3b\u52a8\u8f6e\u6d41\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5bfa\u9662\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4f1a\u4fc3\u4f7f\u9752\u5e74\u79ef\u6781\u4eb2\u8fd1\u5bfa\u9662\u3001\u5e03\u65bd\u3001\u542c\u95fb\u4f5b\u6cd5\u3001\u4fee\u884c\uff0c\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u8fd8\u5e26\u7236\u6bcd\u5165\u5bfa\u4fee\u884c\uff0c\u590d\u5174\u7f8e\u5fb7\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u8ba9\u793e\u533a\u5145\u6ee1\u826f\u597d\u56e2\u7ed3\u7684\u6c14\u6c1b\u3002\u8fd9\u4f1a\u4f7f V-Star \u5b66\u751f\u5b66\u4e60\u5230\u56e2\u961f\u5408\u4f5c\u3001\u4eba\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u8ba1\u5212\u3001\u521b\u65b0\u529e\u4e8b\uff0c\u4ec1\u6148\u5f85\u4eba\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u5584\u5fc3\u4eba\u58eb\u7b49\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u54c1\u8d28\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (29) \u4e3a\u4e86\u57f9\u517b\u611f\u6069\u8001\u5e08\u7684\u5fc3\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5b66\u751f\u53d9\u8ff0\u8001\u5e08\u7684\u6069\u5fb7\uff0c\u53ca\u4ee5\u4f9d\u636e\u4f5b\u6559\u6587\u5316\u4e3e\u529e\u62dc\u5e08\u4eea\u5f0f\uff0c\u4fc3\u4f7f\u5b66\u751f\u3001\u5bb6\u957f\u3001\u793e\u533a\u666e\u904d\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u5c0a\u91cd\u8001\u5e08\u4e4b\u6069\u5fb7\u7684\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8001\u5e08\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u751f\u547d\u4e2d\u7684\u8d35\u4eba\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (30) \u201c\u53d9\u8ff0\u9152\u3001\u5564\u9152\u53ca\u70df\u3001\u6bd2\u54c1\u5bb3\u5904\u4e4b\u77ed\u6587\u201d\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u5b66\u751f\u61c2\u5f97\u5206\u6790\u601d\u8003\u3001\u6b63\u5f53\u6279\u5224\u3002\u8ba9\u5b66\u751f\u53bb\u8be2\u95ee\u4ed6\u4eba\u6709\u5173\u9157\u9152\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u5bfa\u9662\u7684\u50e7\u4eba\uff0c\u7236\u6bcd\u3001\u8001\u5e08\u8fd8\u662f\u4e61\u91cc\u7684\u6751\u6c11\u3002\u5f53\u5b66\u751f\u8be2\u95ee\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u8ba9\u559d\u9152\u7684\u4eba\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u559d\u9152\u7684\u5371\u5bb3\uff0c\u800c\u60f3\u5230\u559d\u9152\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7528\u5904\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u6e10\u6e10\u51cf\u5c11\u559d\u9152\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u6212\u60bc\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u54cd\u5e94\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u53cd\u6bd2\u54c1\u653f\u7b56\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (31) \u5b66\u6821\u7684\u8001\u5e08\u4f1a\u6559\u5bfc\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u5b66\u4f1a\u6253\u626b\u536b\u751f\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u6e05\u6d01\u73af\u5883\u548c\u56e2\u961f\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u3002\u5f53\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u5b66\u4f1a\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u8001\u5e08\u7684\u5e26\u9886\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5165\u5bfa\u9662\u6253\u626b\u536b\u751f\u3002\u96c6\u4f53\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u4f1a\u975e\u5e38\u5f00\u5fc3\u5e76\u4e50\u610f\u628a\u597d\u7684\u4e60\u60ef\u5e26\u56de\u5bb6\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u57f9\u517b\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7eaa\u5f8b\u6027\u3001\u5c0a\u656c\u5fc3\u548c\u5fcd\u8010\u529b\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u80fd\u57f9\u517b\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6148\u60b2\u5fc3\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u611f\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (32) \u201c\u590d\u5174\u5bfa\u9662\u201d\u53ca\u201c\u4f9b\u517b\u8888\u88df\u8863\u201d\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002V-Star \u5b66\u751f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u53d1\u5c55\u5bfa\u9662\uff0c\u7eed\u4f5b\u6167\u547d\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4f5b\u65e5\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u4f1a\u53bb\u5bfa\u9662\u884c\u5e03\u65bd\u3001\u6301\u6212\u3001\u542c\u95fb\u4f5b\u6cd5\u4fee\u884c\uff0c\u6253\u626b\u5bfa\u9662\u3002\u5f53\u89e3\u96e8\u5b89\u5c45\u540e\uff0c V-Star \u5b66\u751f\u5c06\u4f1a\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u6751\u5e84\u7684\u5bfa\u9662\uff0c\u5e26\u9886\u5927\u4f17\u4e00\u8d77\u4e3e\u529e\u4e00\u5e74\u4e00\u5ea6\u7684\u4f9b\u517b\u8888\u88df\u7ed9\u50e7\u56e2\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u201c\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u201d\u6d3b\u52a8\u4f9d\u636e\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u7684\u6b63\u89c1\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u5b66\u751f\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\u4eba\u751f\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u91cd\u89c6\u5bb6\u5ead\u3001\u5bfa\u9662\u3001\u5b66\u6821\u53ca\u793e\u533a\uff08\u516d\u65b9\u793c\uff09\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u652f\u6301 V-Star \u5b66\u751f\u4e3a\u9886\u5bfc\u89d2\u8272\u4e3b\u5bfc\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b66\u751f\u4e3a\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u6d3b\u52a8\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u7f8e\u5fb7\u718f\u9676\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u6f5c\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u601d\u7ef4\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ca\u63d0\u5347\u751f\u6d3b\u54c1\u8d28\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u8ba4\u771f\u5730\u8fde\u7eed\u5b9e\u884c\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8fbe\u6210\u590d\u5174\u793e\u4f1a\u7f8e\u5fb7\u548c\u6587\u660e\u7684\u5b8f\u8fdc\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n

    \uff08\u4e09\uff09\u96c6\u4f53\u6d3b\u52a8<\/p>\n

    \u201c\u9053\u5fb3\u4e4b\u661f\u201d\u5b66\u751f\u53c2\u52a0\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u6d3b\u52a8\u5e76\u6309\u65f6\u5b8c\u6210\u5341\u9879\u529f\u8bfe\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u6536\u83b7\u597d\u7684\u6027\u60c5\uff0c\u6562\u60f3\u3001\u6562\u8bf4\u3001\u6562\u505a\u597d\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u4e86\u57fa\u672c\u9053\u5fb3\uff0c\u5373\uff1a\u7eaa\u5f8b\u3001\u5c0a\u656c\u3001\u5fcd\u8010\u3002\u6700\u540e\u8fd8\u4f1a\u53c2\u52a0\u4e00\u5e74\u4e00\u5ea6\u7684\u201c\u9053\u5fb3\u4e4b\u661f\u56e2\u7ed3\u65e5\u201d\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5373\u6240\u6709\u7684\u201c\u9053\u5fb3\u4e4b\u661f\u201d\u805a\u96c6\u4e8e\u6cd5\u8eab\u5bfa\u7684\u5927\u6cd5\u8eab\u820d\u5229\u5854\u5e7f\u573a\u4e3e\u529e\u96c6\u4f53\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\uff1a\u5b66\u4e60\u4f5b\u6cd5\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u6cd5\u5219\u3001\u56e2\u4f53\u5408\u4f5c\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ba1\u7406\u7b49\uff1b\u76f8\u4e92\u4ea4\u6d41\u3001\u5206\u4eab\u6574\u5e74\u884c\u5584\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff1b\u52a0\u5f3a\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u590d\u5174\u4e16\u754c\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u5927\u5fd7\u613f\uff1b\u5168\u56fd\u5b66\u6821\u5e08\u751f\u6709\u673a\u9047\u4f1a\u89c1\u6784\u5efa\u53cb\u5584\u4eba\u8109\u3001\u5f00\u9614\u89c6\u91ce\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u201c\u9053\u5fb3\u4e4b\u661f\u56e2\u7ed3\u65e5\u201d\u6d3b\u52a8\u5185\u5bb9\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4e00\u8d77\u5171\u4fee\u3001\u53c2\u89c2\u5c55\u89c8\uff0c\u5c55\u89c8\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5305\u62ec\u9053\u5fb7\u6587\u660e\u53ca\u56e0\u679c\u62a5\u5e94\u7b49\uff0c\u6b64\u5916\u8fd8\u4e3e\u529e\u9053\u5fb7\u4f1a\u8003\uff0c\u8c22\u5e08\u4eea\u5f0f\uff0c\u7688\u4f9d\u4e09\u5b9d\uff0c\u53d1\u8a93\u4e3a\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\uff0c\u53ca\u9881\u5956\u5178\u793c\u7b49\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u5e74\u7684\u201c\u9053\u5fb3\u4e4b\u661f\u56e2\u7ed3\u65e5\u201d\u6d3b\u52a8\u90fd\u7531\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u6559\u5e08\u5e26\u9886\u5b66\u751f\u524d\u6765\u53c2\u52a0\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u9080\u8bf7\u5404\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u6765\u4e3a\u5b66\u5f1f\u4eec\u5145\u5f53\u9053\u5fb7\u9f13\u52b1\u8005\uff08V-Cheer\uff09\u3002\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u5c06\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5c55\u533a\u6216\u5750\u5e2d\u533a\u57df\u4e3e\u529e\u65e2\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u53c8\u6109\u5feb\u7684\u4f5b\u5316\u5a31\u4e50\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e3a\u4e86\u9f13\u52b1\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u524d\u8fdb\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u6cd5\u8eab\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u4e13\u95e8\u8bbe\u7f6e\u201c\u590d\u5174\u4e16\u754c\u9053\u5fb7\u5956\u201d\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\uff0c\u9881\u53d1\u7ed9\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u699c\u6837\u3002\u96c6\u4f1a\u6d3b\u52a8\u5f53\u5929\u4f1a\u7ed9\u6765\u53c2\u52a0\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u5168\u56fd\u5b66\u6821\u514d\u8d39\u53d1\u653e\u5404\u7c7b\u9053\u5fb7\u5b66\u4e60\u8d44\u6599\u3002\u201c\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u8ba1\u5212\u201d\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u5347\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u5c06\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5584\u826f\u5fd7\u613f\u57f9\u517b\u6210\u4e00\u79cd\u4e60\u60ef\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5c06\u5584\u613f\u53d8\u6210\u4e00\u79cd\u81ea\u53d1\u610f\u8bc6\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u900f\u8fc7\u65e5\u5e38\u4f5c\u606f\u3001\u5404\u79cd\u6148\u5584\u6d3b\u52a8\u53ca\u516d\u65b9\u5584\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u800c\u4e3e\u529e\u4e86\u5404\u9879\u5bf9\u5065\u5eb7\u6210\u957f\u3001\u4eba\u683c\u53d1\u5c55\u6709\u76ca\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u7b2c\u4e8c\u8282 \u9053\u5fb7\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u610f\u4e49<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u201c\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u201d\u7684\u57f9\u517b\u4ee5\u7b80\u6613\u65b9\u5f0f\u7740\u624b\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4f5c\u606f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u4e94\u4e2a\u623f\u95f4\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e94\u9879\u56fd\u9645\u7f8e\u5fb7\uff08\u6e05\u6d01\u3001\u6574\u9f50\u3001\u793c\u8c8c\u3001\u51c6\u65f6\u3001\u5b9a\u5fc3\uff09\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4ee5\u6e05\u6d01\u3001\u6574\u9f50\u4e3a\u9996\u8981\u3002\u672c\u8282\u4e3b\u8981\u63a2\u8ba8\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u6240\u57f9\u517b\u4e94\u9879\u56fd\u9645\u7f8e\u5fb7\u7684\u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u957f\u90e8\u300a\u5927\u822c\u6d85\u69c3\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e16\u5c0a\u66f0\uff1a\u201c\u963f\u96be\uff01\u4f9d\u6211\u4e3a\u6c5d\u7b49\u6240\u8bf4\u4e4b\u6cd5\u4e0e\u5f8b\uff0c\u4e8e\u6211\u706d\u540e\uff0c\u5f53\u4e3a\u6c5d\u7b49\u4e4b\u5927\u5e08\u3002(33) \u201d\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6e05\u6d01\u3001\u6574\u9f50\u4e0e\u4f5b\u5178\u7406\u8bba\u4e4b\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \u5f8b\u662f\u7ec3\u4e60\u9075\u5b88\u7eaa\u5f8b\uff08\u80fd\u7ba1\u7406\u81ea\u5df1\u8eab\u3001\u53e3\u3001\u610f\u65ad\u6076\u3001\u884c\u5584\uff09\uff0c\u4f7f\u8eab\u3001\u53e3\u3001\u610f\u5b8c\u5168\u6e05\u51c0\u800c\u89c9\u609f\u3002\u4ece\u751f\u6d3b\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u8eab\u4f53\u3001\u7269\u54c1\u3001\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6e05\u6d01\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u6574\u9f50\u6709\u6761\u7406\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u52aa\u529b\u4fc3\u8fdb\u8eab\u3001\u53e3\u3001\u610f\u4e1a\u6e05\u51c0\uff0c\u5373\u6b63\u8bed\u3001\u6b63\u4e1a\u3001\u6b63\u547d\u3001\u6b63\u7cbe\u8fdb\u3001\u6b63\u5ff5\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u63f4\u52a9\u4e8e\u6b63\u5b9a\u3001\u5fc3\u6e05\u51c0\u800c\u89e3\u8131\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u6cd5\u662f\u6e05\u51c0\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4ece\u8eab\u6e05\u51c0\u3001\u53e3\u6e05\u51c0\u3001\u5fc3\u6e05\u51c0\u65e0\u6c61\u67d3\u800c\u51fa\u3002\u6e05\u51c0\uff0c\u6307\u5916\u5728\u4e0e\u5185\u5728\u90fd\u5e72\u51c0\u660e\u4eae\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8eab\u4f53\u548c\u5fc3\u7075\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u8eab\u4f53\u65b9\u9762\u6cdb\u6307\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8089\u8eab\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0e\u8eab\u4f53\u6709\u5173\u8054\u7684\u7269\u54c1\u548c\u73af\u5883\u3002\u8981\u7ef4\u6301\u8eab\u4f53\u6216\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u6574\u6d01\u5e72\u51c0\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3e\u6b62\u7684\u7aef\u6b63\u53cb\u5584\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u57f9\u517b\u826f\u597d\u54c1\u884c\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u987a\u6c34\u63a8\u821f\u7684\u6709\u6548\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4f5b\u9640\u6559\u5bfc\u5f1f\u5b50\uff0c\u8981\u7cbe\u8fdb\u4fee\u4e60\u5173\u4e8e\u6e05\u6d01\u4e4b\u6cd5\u52a1\uff0c\u5e76\u6b21\u7b2c\u53d6\u5f97\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u8ba9\u8eab\u4f53\u65b9\u9762\u4e0e\u5fc3\u7075\u65b9\u9762\u4e4b\u6d01\u51c0\u5e76\u884c\u3002\u5fc3\u7075\u65b9\u9762\u6307\u901a\u8fc7\u6148\u60b2\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u6765\u51c0\u5316\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5185\u5fc3\uff08\u610f\uff09\u53ca\u8eab\u4e1a\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5c55\u73b0\u5229\u76ca\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3e\u6b62\u3002\u6765\u4e16\u7684\u6211\u4eec\u4fbf\u4f1a\u66f4\u52a0\u6e05\u6d01\uff0c\u4e14\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u6e05\u51c0\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u7b14\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6e05\u51c0\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u5373\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \u7b2c\u4e00\u5c42\uff0c\u8eab\u4f53\u4e0e\u8eab\u5916\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6e05\u6d01\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c42\uff0c\u8eab\u3001\u53e3\u3001\u610f\u4e1a\uff08\u6d3b\u52a8\u3001\u4f5c\u4e3a\uff09\u6e05\u51c0\uff0c\u6307\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u8eab\u3001\u53e3\u3001\u610f\u4e0d\u4f24\u5bb3\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u3002\u300a\u589e\u652f\u90e8\u300b\u7ecf\u5178 (34) \u8bb0\u8f7d\uff1a\u8eab\u6e05\u51c0\u662f\u8eab\u4e1a\u4e4b\u6e05\u51c0\uff0c\u5373\u79bb\u6740<\/p>\n

    (33)\u00a0\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.II.p.154.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c7\uff0c\u9875109\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (34)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.I.p.271.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c19\uff0c\u9875388-390\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    \u7b2c\u4e09\u5c42\uff0c\u5fc3\u6e05\u51c0\u3002\u56e0\u7985\u4fee\u4f7f\u5fc3\u5b8c\u5168\u6e05\u51c0 (36) \u800c\u89e3\u8131\u3002<\/p>\n

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    (35)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.I.p.272.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    (37) Sacitta-pariyodapana\u1e43 eta\u1e43 Buddh\u0101na s\u0101sana\u1e43\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.II.p.49.
    \n\u3008Mah\u0101pad\u0101na-suttanta\u3009\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eDhp.p.52.\uff1bT24.1462.p.707b.\uff1bT02.125.p.551a.\uff1b T02.125.p.787a.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    6.\u79ef\u6781\u5bfc\u751f\u8d77\u5584\u4fe1\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c7.\u540e\u6765\u4e4b\u4f17\u4eba\u6000\u540c\u6b63\u884c\uff08\u540e\u6765\u5927\u4f17\u8ddf\u968f\u3001\u5b66\u4e60\u4f5c\u4e3a\uff09(38)\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6e05\u6d01\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5fb7\u884c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6212\u884c\uff1b\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f53\u5fc3\u7075\u6e05\u51c0\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u505a\u51fa\u7834\u6212\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u7f18\u6301\u6212\u6e05\u51c0\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u4f8b\u8bc1\uff1a\u963f\u7f57\u6c49\u5c0a\u8005\u5fc6\u5ff5\u5bbf\u4e16\u5173\u4e8e\u6e05\u6d01\u4e4b\u4e1a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4f7f\u5fc3\u6cd5\u559c\u6e05\u51c0\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u8fdc\u79bb\u70e6\u607c\u548c\u8bc1\u609f\u4f5b\u6cd5\u4e4b\u56e0\u7f18 (39)\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5f8b\u85cf\u6ce8\u91ca\u4e66\u4e2d\u8bb0\u8f7d\u7740\u6e05\u626b\u7684\u529f\u5fb7\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff1a<\/p>\n

    1.\u4ee4\u81ea\u5fc3\u6e05\u51c0\u660e\u4eae\u3002\u7985\u4fee\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u6e05\u6d01\u8eab\u4f53\u4e0e\u6e05\u626b\u3001\u6574\u6d01\u5468\u56f4\u73af\u5883\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u6e05\u51c0\u667a\u89c1 (41)\uff08\u00f1\u0101\u1e47a-dassana\uff09\u3002\u636e\u7ecf\u5178\u4e2d\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u540d\u4e3a\u5e15\u535c\u8428\u8d34\u74e6\u957f\u8001\uff0c\u8eab\u62ab\u4e0a\u8863\u5728\u6e05\u626b\u4f5b\u5854\uff0c\u5185\u5fc3\u6cd5\u559c\u6e05\u51c0\uff0c\u5fc3\u4e2d\u6709\u4f5b\u968f\u5ff5\uff0c\u5f53\u4e0b\u7ad9\u7740\u4fee\u4e60\u6b62\u89c2\uff0c\u5373\u523b\u8bc1\u609f\u963f\u7f57\u6c49\u3002<\/p>\n

    2.\u4ee4\u4ed6\u4eba\u5fc3\u751f\u6b22\u559c\u3001\u51c0\u4fe1\u3002\u6709\u4f4d\u540d\u4e3a\u8fea\u6c99\u7684\u6bd4\u4e18\uff0c\u4ed6\u6253\u626b\u4f5b\u5854\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u626b\u5230\u5b58\u666e\u90ed\u62c9\u7801\u5934\u3002\u5c31\u5728\u4ed6\u624b\u63d0\u5783\u573e\u7b52\u8fb9\u8d70\u8fb9\u671b\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u4f4d\u540d\u4e3a\u8fbe\u8428\u5854\u8fbe\u7684\u6bd4\u4e18\u4ece\u8239\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u671b\u5411\u4f5b\u5854\uff0c\u5e76\u4e86\u89e3\u6b64\u5854\u662f\u7531\u90a3\u4f4d\u6bd4\u4e18\u6253\u626b\uff0c\u4ed6\u5fc3\u751f\u51c0\u4fe1\uff0c\u5f53\u4e0b\u51b3\u5b9a\u7559\u4e0b\u6765\u4e00\u8d77\u4e13\u7814\u4f5b\u6cd5\u4fee\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

    3.\u5929\u4eba\u8d5e\u53f9\u3001\u559c\u60a6\u3002\u6709\u4f4d\u6bd4\u4e18\u5e38\u4f4f\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u9547\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u6253\u626b\u4f5b\u5854\u548c\u83e9\u63d0\u6811\u56ed\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4fbf\u53bb\u91cd\u65b0\u6c90\u6d74\u66f4\u8863\u3002\u90a3\u8fb9\u7684\u5929\u4eba\u770b\u89c1\u540e\u5fc3\u751f\u51c0\u4fe1\uff0c\u56e0\u81ea\u4ece\u4f5b\u5854\u5efa\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u4ece\u672a\u6709\u6bd4\u4e18\u6253\u626b\u5f97\u5982\u6b64\u5e72\u51c0\u3002\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u5929\u4eba\u4eec\u624b\u6367\u9c9c\u82b1\uff0c\u606d\u656c\u968f\u559c\u8d5e\u53f9\u3002<\/p>\n

    4.\u8eab\u574f\u547d\u7ec8\u800c\u751f\u5584\u8da3\u5929\u754c\u3002Bodhisammajjaka\u5c0a\u8005\u5531\u5048\uff1a\u201c\u83e9\u63d0\u6811\u4e4b\u53f6\uff0c\u843d\u4e0b\u5854\u5883\u5185\uff0c\u6211\u66fe\u4e3a\u6e05\u626b\uff0c\u6211\u5f97\u4e8c\u5341\u5fb7\u3002\u4f9d\u6b64\u4e1a\u5a01\u529b\uff0c\u8f6e\u56de\u4e8e\u8bf8\u6709\uff0c<\/p>\n

    (38)\ufe5dMBU.\ufe5e\u518c10\uff0cp.490.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c5\uff0c\u9875207\u3002\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eVin.V.p.129-130.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (39) Saki\u014bsammajjaka\u5c0a\u8005\u5531\u5048\uff1a\u201c\u6bd8\u5a46\u5c38\u4e16\u5c0a\uff0c\u5750\u4e8e\u6ce2\u54a4\u5398\uff0c\u89c1\u5f7c\u8db3\u8ff9\u9053\uff0c\u5176\u5904\u8d77\u4fe1\u5fc3\u3002\u53d6\u5e1a\u626b\u6811\u53f6\uff0c\u6e05\u626b\u83e9\u63d0\u6811\uff0c\u6e05\u626b\u4e8b\u5df2\u6bd5\uff0c\u793c\u62dc\u6ce2\u54a4\u5398\u3002\u5176\u5904\u8d77\u4fe1\u5fc3\uff0c\u5408\u638c\u4e3e\u5934\u4e0a\uff0c\u793c\u62dc\u83e9\u63d0\u6811\u2026\u2026\u4e5d\u5341\u52ab\u4e4b\u6614\uff0c\u5f7c\u65f6\u4e3a\u5584\u4e1a\uff0c\u6076\u8da3\u6211\u4e0d\u77e5\uff0c\u6e05\u626b\u4e4b\u679c\u62a5\u3002\u70e7\u5c3d\u8bf8\u70e6\u607c\u5f97\u89e3\u8131\u3002\u201d\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c30\uff0c\u9875100-101\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eAp.II.p.378-379.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (40) \u5f8b\u85cf\u6ce8\u91ca\ufe5dMBU.\ufe5e\u518c10\uff0cp.556-9.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (41) \u4e2d\u90e8\u300a\u5ff5\u5904\u7ecf\u300b\u6ce8\u91ca\ufe5dMBU.\ufe5e\u518c17\uff0cp.761.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u5929\u754c\u4e0e\u4eba\u754c\uff0c\u53ea\u6b64\u4e8c\u6709\u4e2d\u2026\u2026\u5929\u754c\u4e0e\u4eba\u4e2d\uff0c\u7686\u5171\u4eab\u540d\u58f0\uff0c\u6211\u751f\u6700\u540e\u6709\uff0c\u5b89\u7a33\u8fbe\u6d85\u69c3\u3002(42)\u201d<\/p>\n

    5.\u9075\u5faa\u4f5b\u9640\u4e4b\u6559\u5bfc\uff08\u56e0\u4f5b\u8d5e\u53f9\u6e05\u626b\uff09\u3002\u4f5b\u9640\u91cd\u89c6\u6e05\u6d01\uff0c\u5916\u5728\u6e05\u626b\u6574\u6d01\u662f\u63f4\u52a9\u5185\u5728\u4fee\u884c\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u5728\u6bd4\u4e18\u5f8b\u85cf\u4e2d\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u6307\u5b9a\u50e7\u56e2\u5e94\u8be5\u505a\u7684\u6e05\u626b\u548c\u6574\u6d01 (43)\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u7b2c6.-7.\u9879\u6e05\u626b\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u3002\u7b14\u8005\u4ee5\u820d\u5229\u5f17\u5c0a\u8005\u4e3a\u6848\u4f8b\u3002\u5728\u6bcf\u5929\u51cc\u6668\u50e7\u56e2\u51fa\u53bb\u6258\u94b5\u5316\u7f18\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u820d\u5229\u5f17\u5c0a\u8005\u5c31\u505a\u65e5\u5e38\u5bfa\u9662\u5de1\u903b\uff0c\u5373\uff1a1.\u89c6\u5bdf\u6253\u626b\u536b\u751f\u672a\u6253\u626b\u4e4b\u5730\uff1b2.\u5904\u7406\u5783\u573e\uff1b3.\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u996e\u7528\u6c34\uff1b4.\u6574\u7406\u6574\u9f50\u5750\u5367\u7269\u54c1\u5de5\u5177\u7b49\uff1b5.\u770b\u987e\u751f\u75c5\u6bd4\u4e18\u3001\u5b89\u6170\u3001\u9f13\u52b1\u3001\u8be2\u95ee\u6709\u4f55\u9700\u8981\uff1b6.\u5173\u987e\u65b0\u5b66\u6bd4\u4e18\u7ed9\u4e88\u9f13\u52b1\u4e0e\u6559\u5bfc\uff1b7.\u53bb\u65bd\u4e3b\u5bb6\u4e3a\u6258\u94b5\u836f\u7269\u7ed9\u751f\u75c5\u6bd4\u4e18\u53ca\u5316\u7f18\u5ea6\u4f17\uff1b8.\u82e5\u4f5b\u9640\u53ca\u50e7\u56e2\u8fdc\u65b9\u5de1\u6e38\u5ea6\u4f17\u65f6\uff0c\u5c0a\u8005\u5c06\u4f1a\u5728\u50e7\u56e2\u540e\u9762\u6574\u4f53\u56e2\u961f\u3001\u7167\u987e\u751f\u75c5\u6bd4\u4e18 (44) \u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u5c06\u5165\u6d85\u69c3\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4e5f\u6700\u540e\u4eb2\u81ea\u6253\u626b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4f4f\u6240 (45) \u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4ece\u820d\u5229\u5f17\u5c0a\u8005\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4f5c\u606f\u53ef\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u8a00\u6559\uff0c\u8eab\u6559\u4e5f\u662f\u540e\u5b66\u4fee\u884c\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u7b2c1-4\u9879\u4f5c\u606f\u5373\u6253\u626b\u5bfa\u9662\u3001\u6574\u9f50\u7269\u5177\u73af\u5883\u7b49\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u4eba\u61c2\u5f97\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u6574\u9f50\u8d22\u7269\u7684\u667a\u6167\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5bfa\u9662\u3001\u5bb6\u5ead\u3001\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u8d22\u7269\u7b49\uff09\u3002\u7b2c5-8\u9879\u4f5c\u606f\u5373\u5173\u987e\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u751f\u75c5\u6210\u5458\u6216\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u65b0\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u4eba\u61c2\u5f97\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u6000\u7684\u6148\u60b2\u5fc3\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u5145\u6ee1\u611f\u6069\u5fc3\u6001\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u53ca\u5927\u4f17\u96c6\u4f53\u6709\u8d23\u4efb\u5fc3\u3001\u6148\u60b2\u4e3a\u6000\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u505a\u7684\u4eba\u4ea6\u662f\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d\u7684\u8d24\u4eba\u5927\u6167\u8005 (46) \u3002<\/p>\n

    (42)\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c30\uff0c\u9875221-223\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eAp.II.p.457-459.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (43) \u5f8b\u85cf\ufe5dMBU.\ufe5e\u518c6\uff0cp.141-143.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c3\uff0c\u987564-66\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eVin.I.p.47-49.\uff0c \u89c1\u9644\u5f55I.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (44) \u4e2d\u90e8\u300a\u6559\u8beb\u7f57\u5589\u7f57\u5927\u7ecf\u300b\u6ce8\u91ca\ufe5dMBU.\ufe5e\u518c20\uff0cp.291-292.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (45)\u300a\u5927\u822c\u6d85\u69c3\u7ecf\u300b\u6ce8\u91ca\ufe5dMBU.\ufe5e\u518c13\uff0cp.382.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (46) \u201c\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u4e16\u95f4\u6709\u8d24\u4eba\u5927\u6167\u8005\uff0c\u4e0d\u60f3\u4e3a\u81ea\u607c\u5bb3\uff0c\u4e0d\u60f3\u4e3a\u4ed6\u607c\u5bb3\uff0c\u4e0d\u60f3\u4e3a\u4e24\u8005\u607c\u5bb3\uff0c\u53ea\u4f5c\u81ea\u5229\u4e0e\u4ed6\u5229\u4e24\u8005\u4e4b\u5229\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e00\u5207\u4e16\u754c\u4e4b\u5229\u601d\u60df\u3002\u6bd4\u4e18\uff01\u5982\u662f\uff0c\u662f\u8d24\u4eba\u5927\u6167\u8005\u3002\u201d\ufe5dMBU.\ufe5e\u518c35\uff0cp.455.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c20\uff0c\u9875295\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eA.II.p.179.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u53ef\u770b\u51fa\u820d\u5229\u5f17\u5c0a\u8005\u63a8\u52a8\u884c\u5584\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6734\u7d20\u7b80\u6d01\u4e14\u6709\u529b\uff0c\u5373\u900f\u8fc7\uff1a\u6c99\u95e8\u65e5\u5e38\u4f5c\u606f\uff1b\u5fb7\u884c\uff08\u4ee5\u8eab\u4f5c\u5219\uff1a\u6e05\u626b\u3001\u6574\u6d01\uff09\uff1b\u6148\u60b2\u5173\u6000\u516d\u65b9\uff1b\u6559\u5316\u3002\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\uff1a\u4ed6\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u4f5c\u606f\u548c\u5fb7\u884c\u4f1a\u5f00\u655e\u5fc3\u80f8\uff0c\u4ee4\u4eba\u4eec\u751f\u8d77\u51c0\u4fe1\uff0c\u7ee7\u800c\u8fdb\u53d6\u5b66\u4e60\u4f5b\u6cd5\uff0c\u5347\u534e\u81ea\u8eab\u54c1\u5fb7\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u4e8c\u3001\u6e05\u6d01\u3001\u6574\u9f50\u4ea6\u662f\u6148\u8eab\u4e1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u6148\u60b2\u4e4b\u529b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u8eab\u53e3\u610f\u9020\u4f5c\u4e4b\u4e1a\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u6e05\u51c0\u7684\u5584\u4e1a\u3002\u6148\u60b2\u662f\u65e0\u778b\u4e4b\u6839\u672c\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u4e0d\u6740\u3001\u4e0d\u635f\u5bb3\uff0c\u4e0d\u72af\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u6212\u7b49\u4e4b\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u5173\u4e4e\u5185\u5fc3\u7684\u5fb7\u884c\u3002\u5728\u300a\u7b49\u8bf5\u7ecf\u300b(47) \u4e2d\u6709\u4e24\u9879\u6cd5\u5219\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u65e0\u5bb3\uff08avihi\u1e43s\u0101\uff09\uff0c\uff082\uff09\u6e05\u51c0\uff08soceyya \u6e05\u51c0\u4fee\u884c\uff09\u3002\u800c\u4f5b\u7ecf\u6ce8\u91ca\u4e66\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \u201c\u65e0\u5bb3\u201d\u6d89\u53ca\u60b2\u5fc3\u4e4b\u5185\u6db5\uff0c\u6ce8\u91ca\u4e66\u4e2d\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u65e0\u5bb3\u662f\u6307\u60b2\u60af\u540c\u60c5\u4e00\u5207\u4f17\u751f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u900f\u8fc7\u60b2\u5fc3\u800c\u5f97\u5fc3\u89e3\u8131\uff08ceto-vimutti\uff09\uff0c\u6b64\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u65e0\u5bb3\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u201c\u6e05\u51c0\u201d\u662f\u6307\u6148\u5fc3\u529b\u91cf\u4e4b\u6e05\u51c0\uff0c\u6ce8\u91ca\u4e66\u4e2d\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u6e05\u51c0\u662f\u6307\u4eb2\u5584\u3001\u4ec1\u6148\u3001\u7231\u6234\u4e00\u5207\u4f17\u751f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u900f\u8fc7\u6148\u5fc3\u800c\u5f97\u5fc3\u89e3\u8131\uff0c\u6b64\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6e05\u51c0\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u636e\u6b64\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u6148\u8eab\u4e1a\uff0c\u5373\u8eab\u6240\u9020\u4f5c\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u7686\u4e3a\u5bf9\u4e00\u5207\u4f17\u751f\u7684\u4eb2\u5584\u3001\u6148\u7231\u4e0e\u601c\u7231\u3002\u82e5\u770b\u89c1\u4ed6\u4eba\u884c\u4e8b\u4e0d\u6574\u6d01\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u80ae\u810f\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u751f\u8d77\u6124\u6012\u4e0e\u4ec7\u6068\uff0c\u5c06\u4e4b\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u4e3a\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8d76\u7d27\u6574\u7406\u6574\u9f50\u3002\u5982\u540c\u820d\u5229\u5f17\u5c0a\u8005\u6240\u505a\u7684\u699c\u6837\u793a\u8303\uff0c\u5c0a\u8005\u653e\u4e0b\u8eab\u6bb5\uff0c\u5e2e\u5fd9\u6574\u7406\u65b0\u65e7\u6bd4\u4e18\u5b58\u653e\u4e0d\u6574\u9f50\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u67f4\u706b\u5728\u5185\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ba9\u5b83\u4eec\u53d7\u5230\u635f\u5bb3\uff0c\u5c31\u5f53\u4f5c\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u672c\u8eab\u5b58\u653e\u4e0d\u6574\u9f50\u800c\u52a0\u4ee5\u4fee\u6574\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53ef\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u80cc\u540e\u6148\u8eab\u4e1a (48) \u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

    (47)\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eD.III.p.213.\uff1b\ufe5dMBU.\ufe5e\u518c16\uff0cp.163.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c8\uff0c\u9875230\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    \n<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u57f9\u517b\u6b63\u89c1\u3001\u6b63\u5ff5\u3001\u8c28\u614e\u3001\u6e05\u9192\u3001\u4e0d\u653e\u9038\u3002<\/p>\n

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    \u7b2c\u4e09\u8282 \u4e03\u5341\u4e09\u6240\u4e2d\u5c0f\u5b66\u6559\u5e08\u548c\u5bb6\u957f\u53cd\u9988<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    (55) Ven.Somchai Thanavuddho\uff0e\u77e5\u4e16\u77e5\u6cd5\uff3bJ\uff3d\uff0e\u798f\u4e2d\u5c45\u6742\u5fd7\uff0c2009\uff0c80\uff1a62\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    \u7b14\u8005\u900f\u8fc7 SPSS (56) \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b8c\u6210\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\u7edf\u8ba1\uff08 Descriptive Statistics \uff09\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8d44\u6599\u7684\u6536\u96c6\u3001\u6574\u7406\u3001\u5448\u73b0\u3001\u89e3\u91ca\u4e0e\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u7528\u6570\u503c\u3001\u8868\u683c\u3001\u56fe\u5f62\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u8d44\u6599\u6982\u51b5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\u5206\u522b\u6709\u5e73\u5747\u6570\uff08Mean\uff09\u3001\u6807\u51c6\u5dee (57)\uff08Standard Deviation, SD\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e00\u3001A \u7ec4\u5bb6\u957f\u8c03\u67e5\u95ee\u5377\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u672c\u7814\u7a76\u8c03\u67e5\u4e94\u5341\u56db\u4f4d\u5bb6\u957f\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u89c2\u5bdf\u52a0\u5165\u590d\u5174\u4e16\u754c\u9053\u5fb7 V-star \u6d3b\u52a8\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u540e\uff0c\u5b69\u5b50\u5728\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3e\u6b62\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u6539\u53d8\u548c\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002\u53ef\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7ed9\u4e88\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4f30\uff1a<\/p>\n

    (56) SPSS\uff08Statistical Product and Service Solutions\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u5957\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u6216\u4e00\u822c\u4f01\u4e1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u5957\u7edf\u8ba1\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u8fdb\u884c\u8bb8\u591a\u5206\u6790\u53ca\u5904\u7406\u3002\u7528\u4e8e\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u5206\u6790\u8fd0\u7b97\u3001\u6570\u636e\u6316\u6398\u3001\u9884\u6d4b\u5206\u6790\u548c\u51b3\u7b56\u652f\u6301\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4ea7\u54c1\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u603b\u79f0\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (57) \u63cf\u8ff0\u5404\u6570\u636e\u504f\u79bb\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\uff08\u79bb\u5747\u5dee\uff09\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u3002\u4e00\u79cd\u91cf\u5ea6\u6570\u636e\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u5206\u6563\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e4b\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u8861\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u503c\u504f\u79bb\u7b97\u672f\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u6807\u51c6\u5dee\u8d8a\u5c0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u503c\u504f\u79bb\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u5c31\u8d8a\u5c11\uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b\u4ea6\u7136\u3002\u6807\u51c6\u5dee\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u6807\u51c6\u5dee\u4e0e\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u7684\u500d\u7387\u5173\u7cfb\u6765\u8861\u91cf\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0A 1. \u5b5d\u987a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 A 6. \u61c2\u6587\u660e\u793c\u8c8c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0A 11. \u8ba4\u771f\u884c\u5584\u79ef\u5fb7<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0A 2. \u6709\u5c0a\u656c\u5fc3 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0A 7. \u5b88\u65f6 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0A 12. \u4e13\u5fc3\u57f9\u517b\u81ea\u6211\u53d1\u5c55<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 A 3. \u6709\u7eaa\u5f8b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0A 8. \u6709\u5584\u5fc3\u3001\u6148\u60b2 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0A 13. \u9605\u8bfb\u548c\u521b\u9020\u80fd\u529b\u63d0\u5347\u3001\u80fd\u81ea\u6211\u6559\u80b2<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 A 4. \u6709\u5fcd\u8010\u5fc3 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0A 9. \u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u548c\u96c6\u4f53\u8d1f\u8d23 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 A 14. \u8bc6\u522b\u597d\u4e0e\u574f\u3001\u5e94\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u3001\u5584\u4e0e\u6076\uff0c\u56e0\u679c\u4e1a\u62a5<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 A 5. \u5e72\u51c0\u6574\u6d01 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0A 10. \u6210\u719f\u7a33\u91cd \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0A 15. \u5bb6\u957f\u5bf9\u5b69\u5b50\u53c2\u4e0e\u8fd9\u9879\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u6ee1\u610f\u7a0b\u5ea6<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u8fd9\u4efd\u5b66\u751f\u5bb6\u957f\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u95ee\u5377\uff0c\u4ece A 1-A 15 \u90fd\u5c06\u5206\u6570\u5206\u4e3a 4 \u7b49\u7ea7\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5206\u6570 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u8868 \u793a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u8bf4 \u660e
    \n<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 -1 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u7cdf\u7cd5 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5bb6\u957f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b69\u5b50\u5728\u53c2\u4e0e\u6b64\u9879\u6d3b\u52a8\u540e\uff0c\u6027\u683c\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u7cdf\u7cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5e73\u5e38 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5bb6\u957f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b69\u5b50\u5728\u53c2\u4e0e\u6b64\u9879\u6d3b\u52a8\u540e\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u770b\u5230\u5b69\u5b50\u6027\u683c\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5584\u7684\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u6076\u7684\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u73b0\u4efb\u4f55\u6539\u53d8\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a01 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6539\u5584 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5bb6\u957f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b69\u5b50\u5f80\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u6539\u5584\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a02 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5f88\u5927\u6539\u5584 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5bb6\u957f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81ea\u4ece\u53c2\u4e0e\u6b64\u9879\u6d3b\u52a8\u540e\uff0c\u5b69\u5b50\u5728\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u5f97\u5230\u660e\u663e\u6539\u5584\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5728\u5206\u6790\u6d3b\u52a8\u6548\u679c\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u5c06\u8c03\u67e5\u95ee\u5377\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u5206\u6570\u52a0\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u5e73\u5747\u503c\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u8bc4\u4f30\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u80fd\u4e86\u89e3\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u53c2\u4e0e\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ece\u5bb6\u957f\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5b69\u5b50\u5728\u54ea\u65b9\u9762\u5f97\u5230\u63d0\u5347\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \uff08\u4e00\uff09\u5bb6\u957f\u8c03\u67e5\u95ee\u5377\u7ed3\u679c\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/p>\n

    A \u7ec4\u8c03\u67e5\u95ee\u5377\u6536\u96c6\u8d44\u6599\u540e\uff0c\u5c06\u4ece A 1-A 15 \u8ba1\u7b97\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u3001\u6807\u51c6\u5dee\u548c\u53d8\u5f02\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u8868\u683c1.1 \u5e73\u5747\u6570\u3001\u6807\u51c6\u5dee\u548c\u53d8\u5f02\u6570\u8bf4\u660e<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u63cf\u8ff0\u7edf\u8ba1<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e3b\u9898 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5e73\u5747\u6570 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6807\u51c6\u5dee \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e3b\u9898 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5e73\u5747\u6570 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u6807\u51c6\u5dee
    \n<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 A 1 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1.07 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.54 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0A 9 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01.09 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.56<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 A 2 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1.09\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.56 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0A 10\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.94 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.56<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 A 3 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1.11 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.50 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0A 11\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1.30 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.46<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 A 4 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.48 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 A 12 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1.31 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.47<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0A 5 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01.06 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.41 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0A 13 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.94 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.41<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0A 6 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01.07\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.58 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0A 14 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01.13 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.48<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0A 7 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01.20 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.63 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0A 15\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1.35 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.62<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 A 8 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01.28 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.66<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u8fd9\u5728\u8868\u683c 1.1 \u548c\u56fe\u8868 1.1 \u6709\u8be6\u7ec6\u5206\u6790\u3002\u5728\u8868\u683c 1.1 \u4e2d A 1-A 15 \u5f97\u5230\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u662f 0.94 \u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002\u7531\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u5bb6\u957f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b69\u5b50\u5728\u53c2\u52a0\u6d3b\u52a8\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u5f97\u5230\u6539\u5584\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u5728 A 1-A 15 \u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5dee\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6570\u503c\u5728 0.41-0.66 \u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\u5728A\u7ec4\u8c03\u67e5\u95ee\u5377\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u5206\u6570\uff0c\u4ece\u7ec4\u522b\u4e2d\u6e05\u6670\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5bb6\u957f\u5bf9\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u81ea\u4ece\u5b69\u5b50\u53c2\u4e0e\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\uff08V-star\uff09\u6d3b\u52a8\u540e\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u5f80\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u5c06 A 1-A 15 \u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u5982\u8868\u683c 1.2\u6240\u793a\u3002\u56fe\u8868 1.2 \u662f A 1-A 15 \u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u6392\u5217\u7531\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u3002\u4ece\u8868\u683c 1.2 \u548c\u56fe\u8868 1.2 \u4e2d\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u662f A 15\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e 1.35\u3002\u8fd9\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u5bb6\u957f\u5bf9\u5b69\u5b50\u52a0\u5165\u590d\u5174\u4e16\u754c\u9053\u5fb7\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u6ee1\u610f\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ece\u8868\u683c\u53ef\u77e5\u5bb6\u957f\u5bf9\u5b69\u5b50\u53c2\u4e0e\u8fd9\u6d3b\u52a8\u611f\u5230\u6ee1\u610f\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b69\u5b50\u5728\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u5f80\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9ad8\u7684\u662f A 12\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e1.31\uff0c\u4ece\u8fd9\u9879\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u5b69\u5b50\u53c2\u4e0e\u6d3b\u52a8\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u6709\u8ba4\u771f\u63d0\u5347\u548c\u953b\u70bc\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u51b3\u5fc3\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u5f97\u5230\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4e5f\u8574\u542b\u591a\u5c40\u90e8\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u9053\u5fb7\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5982\uff1a\u5b5d\u987a\u3001\u6148\u60b2\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5982\uff1a\u8d1f\u8d23\u4efb\u3001\u5b88\u65f6\u548c\u6709\u7eaa\u5f8b\u7b49\u3002\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u7b2c\u4e09\u9ad8\u7684\u662fA 11\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e1.30\uff0c\u8fd9\u5173\u4e8e\u8ba4\u771f\u884c\u5584\u79ef\u5fb7\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u8574\u542b\u5176\u5b83\u9053\u5fb7\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5982\uff1a\u6709\u5c0a\u656c\u5fc3\u3001\u61c2\u6587\u660e\u793c\u8c8c\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u8868\u683c1.2 \u5e73\u5747\u6570\u8bf4\u660e\uff08\u7531\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5217\uff09<\/p>\n

    \u4e3b\u9898 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0A 10 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 A 13 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0A 4\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 A 5 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 A 1 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0A 6 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 A 2\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 A 9 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0A 3 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0A 14 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 A 7 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0A 8 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 A 11\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0A 12 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 A 15<\/p>\n

    \u5e73\u5747\u6570 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.94 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.94 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01.06 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01.07 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01.07 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01.09 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01.09 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1.11 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01.13 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1.20 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1.28 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1.30 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1.31 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01.35<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4ece\u8868\u683c1.2\u4e2d\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u6570\u503c\u662f A 10\u548c A 13\uff0c\u53730.94\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u6210\u719f\u7a33\u91cd\u548c\u9605\u8bfb\u548c\u521b\u9020\u80fd\u529b\u63d0\u5347\u3001\u80fd\u81ea\u6211\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u5f81\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u63d0\u5347\u5185\u5728\u9053\u5fb7\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f9d\u9760\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u79ef\u7d2f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cA 10\u548c A 13 \u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u6570\u503c\u8f83\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n

    \uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u5bb6\u957f\u8c03\u67e5\u95ee\u5377\u8bc4\u4f30\u7ed3\u679c\u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n

    \u4ece A \u7ec4\u8c03\u67e5\u95ee\u5377\u8bc4\u4f30\u548c\u7ed3\u679c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u662f\u5bb6\u957f\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u5b50\u5973\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5f53\u5b69\u5b50\u53c2\u4e0e\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\uff08V-star\uff09\u6d3b\u52a8\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u771f\u63d0\u5347\u81ea\u6211\uff0c\u4e5f\u8ba4\u771f\u884c\u5584\u79ef\u5fb7\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5176\u5b83\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u4e5f\u5f97\u5230\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bf9\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u672a\u6765\u4f1a\u6709\u65e0\u7a77\u7684\u76ca\u5904\u548c\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u5f53\u5b69\u5b50\u4eec\u957f\u5927\u6210\u4eba\u540e\uff0c\u90fd\u5c06\u6210\u4e3a\u4f18\u79c0\u800c\u5584\u826f\u3001\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u5bf9\u96c6\u4f53\u6709\u76ca\u4e4b\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e8c\u3001B \u7ec4\u4e03\u5341\u4e09\u6240\u4e2d\u5c0f\u5b66\u6559\u5e08\u8c03\u67e5\u95ee\u5377<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u6b64\u95ee\u5377\u7528\u4e8e\u5b66\u6821\u6821\u957f\u3001\u6559\u5e08\u5bf9\u5b66\u751f\u53c2\u4e0e\u6d3b\u52a8\u540e\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u8c03\u67e5\u3002\u9996\u5148\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b69\u5b50\u53c2\u4e0e\u6d3b\u52a8\u524d\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u5176\u6b21\u662f\u5b69\u5b50\u5728\u53c2\u4e0e\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e09\u4e2a\u6708\u540e\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u3002\u8fd9\u4efd\u8c03\u67e5\u95ee\u5377\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u53d7\u8c03\u67e5\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u63a5\u53d7\u8c03\u67e5\u5bf9\u8c61\u6240\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u8d44\u6599\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u5bf9\u5b66\u751f\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4f30\uff1b\u800c\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\u5219\u662f\u8c03\u67e5\u6559\u5e08\u5bf9\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u63d0\u8bae\u548c\u8bc4\u4ef7\u3002<\/p>\n

    \uff08\u4e00\uff09B \u7ec4\u8c03\u67e5\u95ee\u5377\u8be6\u7ec6\u8d44\u6599<\/p>\n

    1.\u53d7\u8c03\u67e5\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8d44\u6599<\/p>\n

    \u8fd9\u5305\u542b\u77406\u9879\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5373\u6027\u522b\u3001\u5e74\u9f84\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3001\u53d7\u8c03\u67e5\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u804c\u4f4d\u3001\u53c2\u4e0e\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u4eba\u6570\u548c\u53c2\u4e0e\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n

    2.\u5bf9\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u6d3b\u52a8\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4f30<\/p>\n

    \u5176\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u56db\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

    B 1.\u5bf9\u5b66\u6821\u548c\u5468\u56f4\u793e\u533a\u73af\u5883\u548c\u6c1b\u56f4\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30
    \nB 1-1 \u5b66\u6821\u7684\u73af\u5883\u548c\u6c1b\u56f4<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0B 1-1.1\u6821\u957f\u3001\u6559\u5e08\u56e2\u961f\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u5458\u4e0e\u5b66\u751f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 1-1.4\u5b66\u751f\u4e0e\u5b66\u751f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0B 1-1.2\u6821\u957f\u3001\u6559\u5e08\u56e2\u961f\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u5458\u4e0e\u5bb6\u957f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 1-1.5\u5b66\u751f\u4e0e\u5bb6\u957f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0B 1-1.3\u8001\u5e08\u4e0e\u5b66\u751f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 1-1.6\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u73af\u5883\uff08\u5e72\u51c0\u3001\u6574\u9f50\u6709\u5e8f\uff09<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 B 1-2 \u793e\u533a\u7684\u73af\u5883\u548c\u6c1b\u56f4<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0B 1-2.1\u793e\u533a\u7684\u5e72\u51c0\u4e0e\u6574\u9f50\u6709\u5e8f \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 1-2.4\u793e\u533a\u6210\u5458\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0B 1-2.2\u793e\u533a\u5bf9\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u5ea6 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 B 1-2.5\u5b66\u6821\u3001\u5bb6\u5ead\u3001\u5bfa\u9662\u548c\u793e\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u826f\u597d\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0B 1-2.3\u793e\u533a\u5bf9\u6784\u5efa\u826f\u597d\u73af\u5883\u548c\u6c14\u6c1b\u7684\u5173\u6ce8<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 B 2.\u6559\u5b66\u6210\u7ee9\u8bc4\u4f30<\/p>\n

    B 2-1 \u6559\u5b66\u8868\u73b0<\/p>\n

    B 2-1.1\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u8d1f\u8d23\u7a0b\u5ea6 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 B 2-1.4\u7ed9\u4e88\u5b66\u751f\u5145\u5206\u7684\u6307\u5bfc<\/p>\n

    B 2-1.2\u6709\u6559\u5b66\u8ba1\u5212\u548c\u5907\u8bfe \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 B 2-1.5\u589e\u52a0\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3<\/p>\n

    B 2-1.3\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6559\u5e08\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u699c\u6837<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 2-2 \u6d3b\u52a8\u53ca\u8bfe\u7a0b<\/p>\n

    B 2-2.1\u8fce\u63a5\u65b0\u751f\u6d3b\u52a8 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 B 2-2.6\u805a\u4f1a\u6d3b\u52a8<\/p>\n

    B 2-2.2\u5347\u65d7\u793c\u656c\u6d3b\u52a8 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 B 2-2.7\u8bfe\u5916\u53c2\u89c2\u6d3b\u52a8<\/p>\n

    B 2-2.3\u7236\u4eb2\u8282\/\u6bcd\u4eb2\u8282\u6d3b\u52a8 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 2-2.8\u4f5b\u6559\u91cd\u8981\u8282\u65e5\u6d3b\u52a8<\/p>\n

    B 2-2.4\u6559\u5e08\u8282\u6d3b\u52a8 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 2-2.9\u4fc3\u8fdb\u793e\u533a\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5982\uff1a\u6e05\u6d01\u793e\u533a\u7684\u536b\u751f\u7b49<\/p>\n

    B 2-2.5\u5b66\u672f\u6d3b\u52a8<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 3.\u5bf9\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30<\/p>\n

    B 3-1 \u5341\u9879\u65e5\u5e38\u4e8b\u52a1<\/p>\n

    \u00a0B 3-1.1\u7761\u524d\u8bf5\u7ecf \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 3-1.6\u50a8\u84c4\u7528\u4e8e\u4fee\u529f\u5fb7<\/p>\n

    \u00a0B 3-1.2\u6253\u5750\u5341\u4e94\u5206\u949f \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 3-1.7\u5e2e\u5fd9\u5bb6\u52a1\u4e0e\u5b66\u6821\u6d3b\u52a8<\/p>\n

    \u00a0B 3-1.3\u65e9\u8d77\u6536\u62fe\u5e8a\u88ab \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 3-1.8\u9605\u8bfb\u6709\u76ca\u7684\u4e66\u7c4d<\/p>\n

    \u00a0B 3-1.4\u7740\u88c5\u6574\u6d01 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 B 3-1.9\u6b23\u8d4f\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u4f18\u70b9<\/p>\n

    \u00a0B 3-1.5\u6301\u5b88\u4e94\u6212 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 B 3-1.10\u5411\u7236\u6bcd\u9876\u793c\uff0c\u9047\u89c1\u50e7\u4eba\u3001\u8001\u5e08\u548c\u957f\u8f88\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u53cc\u624b\u5408\u5341\u793c\u656c<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0B 3-2 \u6709\u76ca\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8<\/p>\n

    \u00a0B 3-2.1\u6c9f\u901a\u6280\u80fd \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 B 3-2.4\u751f\u6d3b\u6280\u80fd<\/p>\n

    \u00a0B 3-2.2\u601d\u60df\u80fd\u529b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 B 3-2.5\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u80fd<\/p>\n

    \u00a0B 3-2.3\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u80fd\u529b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 B 3-2.6\u56e2\u961f\u5de5\u4f5c\u6280\u80fd<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0B 3-3 \u4f5b\u65e5\u53bb\u5bfa\u9662<\/p>\n

    \u00a0B 3-3.1\u4f9b\u517b\u6258\u94b5\u548c\u4f9b\u517b\u54c1 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 B 3-3.4\u57f9\u517b\u826f\u597d\u7684\u6027\u683c<\/p>\n

    \u00a0B 3-3.2\u6301\u5b88\u4e94\u6212 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 B 3-3.5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5584\u77e5\u8bc6\u9080\u8bf7\u4ed6\u4eba\u884c\u5584<\/p>\n

    \u00a0B 3-3.3\u4fee\u4e60\u6253\u5750 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 B 3-3.6\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5bfa\u9662\u6210\u4e3a\u793e\u533a\u57f9\u517b\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0B 4.\u5b66\u751f\u884c\u4e3a\u8868\u73b0\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 4-1 \u667a\u529b\u65b9\u9762<\/p>\n

    \u00a0B 4-1.1\u4e13\u6ce8\u5b66\u4e60 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 4-1.6\u5229\u7528\u6240\u5b66\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u6765\u9020\u798f\u81ea\u5df1<\/p>\n

    \u00a0B 4-1.2\u5b88\u65f6 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 B 4-1.7\u5229\u7528\u6240\u5b66\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u6709\u76ca\u4e8e\u5de5\u4f5c<\/p>\n

    \u00a0B 4-1.3\u4e0d\u7f3a\u8bfe \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 B 4-1.8\u601d\u8003\u5206\u6790\u539f\u56e0<\/p>\n

    \u00a0B 4-1.4\u601d\u60f3\u5f97\u5230\u63d0\u5347\uff08\u601d\u7ef4\u53d1\u5c55\uff09 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 4-1.9\u8bc4\u4f30\u548c\u8fa8\u522b\u5206\u6e05\u662f\u975e<\/p>\n

    \u00a0B 4-1.5\u5b66\u4e60\u6210\u7ee9\u63d0\u9ad8 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 4-1.10\u70ed\u7231\u8ffd\u6c42\u5b66\u8bc6<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0B 4-2 \u6280\u80fd\u65b9\u9762<\/p>\n

    \u00a0B 4-2.1\u5173\u6ce8\u8bfe\u540e\u7ec3\u4e60 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 B 4-2.4\u53c2\u4e0e\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 B 4-2.7\u521b\u65b0<\/p>\n

    \u00a0B 4-2.2\u8d1f\u8d23\u65e5\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 B 4-2.5\u6267\u884c\u5404\u79cd\u4e8b\u52a1\u80fd\u529b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 B 4-2.8\u968f\u7740\u4e13\u4e1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u5de5\u4f5c<\/p>\n

    \u00a0B 4-2.3\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5de5\u4f5c\u80fd\u529b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 B 4-2.6\u8010\u5fc3\u5de5\u4f5c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 4-2.9\u53d1\u5c55\u5de5\u4f5c<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 4-3 \u9053\u5fb7\u65b9\u9762<\/p>\n

    \u00a0B 4-3.1\u52e4\u594b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 4-3.5\u6709\u793c\u8c8c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 4-3.9\u5b5d\u987a<\/p>\n

    \u00a0B 4-3.2\u8282\u7ea6 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 B 4-3.6\u5e72\u51c0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 4-3.10\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4eba\u548c\u96c6\u4f53\u8d1f\u8d23<\/p>\n

    \u00a0B 4-3.3\u8bda\u4fe1\u3001\u8bda\u5b9e \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 4-3.7\u6709\u606d\u656c\u5fc3\u3001\u5c0a\u91cd\u4ed6\u4eba\uff08\u6b23\u8d4f\u4ed6\u4eba\u4f18\u70b9\uff09<\/p>\n

    \u00a0B 4-3.4\u6709\u7eaa\u5f8b \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 B 4-3.8\u6709\u6148\u60b2\u5fc3<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 4-4 \u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bf9\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/p>\n

    \u00a0B 4-4.1\u632f\u5174\u4e16\u754c\u9053\u5fb7\u9886\u5bfc\u529b\u53d1\u5c55 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 4-4.4\u63a8\u52a8\u5bfa\u9662\u5404\u79cd\u6d3b\u52a8 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 B 4-4.7\u80fd\u81ea\u6211\u7ba1\u7406<\/p>\n

    \u00a0B 4-4.2\u57f9\u517b\u56e2\u7ed3\u7cbe\u795e \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 4-4.5\u8425\u9020\u6e29\u6696\u5bb6\u5ead \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 4-4.8\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u7985\u4fee\u7684\u4ef7\u503c<\/p>\n

    \u00a0B 4-4.3\u57f9\u517b\u5949\u732e\u7cbe\u795e \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 4-4.6\u5feb\u4e50\u5374\u4e0e\u6b6a\u95e8\u90aa\u9053\u65e0\u5173 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 4-4.9\u91cd\u89c6\u53bb\u5bfa\u9662\u7684\u4ef7\u503c<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a03.\u5bf9\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u63d0\u8bae\u548c\u770b\u6cd5<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0C 1 \u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u7684\u573a\u6240\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u4ef7\u503c<\/p>\n

    \u00a0C 1.1\u5bfa\u9662\u9002\u5408\u4e3e\u529e\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u805a\u96c6\u884c\u5584 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 C 1.2\u5bfa\u9662\u56e2\u961f\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6548\u7387<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0C 2 \u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u6d3b\u52a8\u5404\u7c7b\u5a92\u4ecb\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u5ea6<\/p>\n

    \u00a0C 2.1\u8bb2\u89e3 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 C 2.3\u5f55\u97f3\u5e26\u548c\u97f3\u54cd \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0C 2.5\u89c6\u9891 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 C 2.7\u5b9e\u9a8c<\/p>\n

    \u00a0C 2.2\u5404\u79cd\u4f20\u5a92\u8d44\u6599\u00a0 \u00a0 C 2.4\u56fe\u7247 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 C 2.6\u5c55\u89c8 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 C 2.8\u5f15\u5bfc\u5b9e\u8df5<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0C 3 \u5bf9\u5b66\u751f\u6c42\u5b66\u548c\u63d0\u5347\u9053\u5fb7\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u56e0\u7d20<\/p>\n

    \u00a0C 3.1\u793e\u533a\u548c\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u6c1b\u56f4 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0C 3.4\u57f9\u8bad\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5a92\u4ecb<\/p>\n

    \u00a0C 3.2\u6559\u5b66\u7ba1\u7406\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5982\u6559\u80b2\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b66\u6821\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u516c\u5171\u8bbe\u65bd\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u7b49 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0C 3.5\u5bf9\u5bb6\u957f\u548c\u8001\u5e08\u7684\u91cd\u89c6\u548c\u7167\u987e<\/p>\n

    \u00a0C 3.3\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u5404\u9879\u4efb\u52a1 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 C 3.6\u5bfa\u9662\u3001\u5bb6\u3001\u5b66\u6821\u548c\u793e\u533a\u7684\u5171\u5efa\u6587\u660e\u9053\u5fb7<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u57fa\u672c\u8d44\u6599\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5206\u6790<\/p>\n

    \u672c\u7814\u7a76\u8c03\u67e5\u6cf0\u56fd 5 \u4e2a\u533a\u57df\uff1a\u5317\u90e8\u3001\u4e1c\u5317\u90e8\u3001\u897f\u90e8\u3001\u4e2d\u90e8\u3001\u5357\u90e8\uff0c\u517120 \u5e9c\u7684 73 \u6240\u4e2d\u5c0f\u5b66\u6821\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u6821\u8c03\u67e5\u4e00\u4f4d\u8d1f\u8d23\u7ba1\u7406\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u8001\u5e08\uff0c\u8c03\u67e5\u95ee\u5377\u5171\u4e3a 73 \u4efd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u95ee\u5377\u5206\u7c7b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \uff08\u4e00\uff09\u6027\u522b\uff1a\u753728\u4eba\uff0c\u597345\u4eba\uff0c\u7537\u5973\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5206\u522b\u4e3a38.36%\uff0c61.64%\u3002<\/p>\n

    \uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u5e74\u9f84\uff1a\u6709 21-30 \u5c81\u300131-40 \u5c81\u300141-50 \u5c81\u300151-60 \u5c81\uff0c\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5206\u522b\u4e3a 6.85%\u30019.59%\u300115.06%\u300168.50%\u300221-30 \u5c81\u300131-40\u5c81\u300141-50 \u5c81\u4e09\u4e2a\u5e74\u9f84\u5c42\uff0c\u6bd4\u4f8b\u76f8\u8fd1\uff0c\u6700\u9ad8\u4e3a 51-60 \u5c81\uff0c\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4e3a 68.50%\u3002<\/p>\n

    \uff08\u4e09\uff09\u6559\u80b2\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff1a\u7855\u58eb 38.36%\u3001\u672c\u79d1 61.64%\u3002<\/p>\n

    \uff08\u56db\uff09\u53c2\u4e0e\u8c03\u67e5\u5bf9\u8c61\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u804c\u4f4d\uff1a\u6821\u957f10.96%\u3001\u526f\u6821\u957f 6.85%\u3001\u6559\u5e08 82.19%\u3002<\/p>\n

    \uff08\u4e94\uff09\u4e03\u5341\u4e09\u6240\u5b66\u6821\u53c2\u4e0e\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u603b\u6570\u662f 13,924 \u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

    \uff08\u516d\uff09\u5b66\u6821\u53c2\u4e0e\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u6b21\u6570\uff1a\u66fe\u53c2\u52a02\u6b2121.92%\uff0c\u53c2\u52a06\u6b2116.44%\uff0c\u53c2\u52a03\u6b21\u30017\u6b2112.33%\uff0c\u53c2\u52a0\u8fc71\u6b219.59%\uff0c\u66fe\u53c2\u52a04\u6b21\u30015\u6b21\u30018\u6b218.22%\uff0c\u53c2\u52a0\u8fc79\u6b212.73%\u3002<\/p>\n

    \uff08\u4e09\uff09\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\uff1aB 1-B 4 \u8c03\u67e5\u7ed3\u679c\u5206\u6790
    \n\u5bf9\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206B 1-B 4\u8fdb\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u6559\u5e08\u5bf9\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u5bf9\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u53c2\u52a0\u6d3b\u52a8\u524d\u548c\u53c2\u52a0\u6d3b\u52a8\u540e\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u8bc4\u4f30\u6807\u51c6\u5206\u4e3a 5 \u7b49\u7ea7\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5206\u6570 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a02 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a03 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 4 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 5<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6307\u793a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u8d5e\u540c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e0d\u8d5e\u540c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u666e\u901a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u8d5e\u540c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u975e\u5e38\u8d5e\u540c<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8bc4\u4f30\u5206\u6570\u4f1a\u57281-5\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5bfb\u627e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6570\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8c03\u67e5\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u4ece\u95ee\u5377\u4e2d\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u95ee\u5377\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u90e8\u5206\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 B 1.\u5bf9\u5b66\u6821\u548c\u5468\u56f4\u793e\u533a\u73af\u5883\u548c\u6c1b\u56f4\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30
    \nB 1-1 \u5b66\u6821\u7684\u73af\u5883\u548c\u6c1b\u56f4<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u4ece\u8868\u683c\u4e2d\u5f97\u77e5\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u53c2\u4e0e\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5b66\u6821\u73af\u5883\u548c\u6c1b\u56f4\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6570\u503c\u90fd\u6709\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f B 1-1.6 \u90e8\u5206\uff08\u53c2\u4e0e\u6d3b\u52a8\u524d\u4e0e\u6d3b\u52a8\u540e\u7684\u6570\u503c\u6bd4\u662f4.36-3.11=1.24\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u8db3\u4ee5\u8868\u660e\u5b66\u6821\u573a\u5730\u548c\u6559\u5b66\u697c\u6bd4\u4ee5\u524d\u66f4\u5e72\u51c0\u548c\u6574\u9f50\u6709\u5e8f\u3002B 1-1 \u603b\u6982\u51b5\u662f\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u4eba\u5458\u548c\u5b66\u751f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5f80\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u6539\u5584\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0B 1-2 \u793e\u533a\u7684\u73af\u5883\u548c\u6c1b\u56f4<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4ece\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u5728\u53c2\u4e0e\u590d\u5174\u4e16\u754c\u9053\u5fb7\u6d3b\u52a8\u540e\uff0c\u793e\u533a\u7684\u73af\u5883\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u5f97\u5230\u597d\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff08B1-2.1 ~ B1-2.5\uff09\uff0c\u6539\u53d8\u6700\u5927\u7684\u662f B1-2.5\uff084.51-3.34 = 1.17\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u5bb6\u5ead\u3001\u5bfa\u9662\u548c\u793e\u533a\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u53c2\u4e0e\u590d\u5174\u4e16\u754c\u9053\u5fb7\u6d3b\u52a8\u9700\u8981\u5bb6\u5ead\u3001\u5bfa\u9662\u548c\u793e\u533a\u7684\u652f\u6301\u4e0e\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u534f\u4f5c\uff0c\u8ba9\u793e\u533a\u66f4\u56e2\u7ed3\u548c\u5173\u7cfb\u66f4\u878d\u5408\u3002
    \nB 2.\u6559\u5b66\u6210\u7ee9\u8bc4\u4f30
    \nB 2-1 \u6559\u5b66\u8868\u73b0<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u4ece\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u884c\u4e3a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u6d3b\u52a8\u540e\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u6570\u503c\u6709\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\u6b64\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5bf9\u5b66\u751f\u6709\u76ca\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5bf9\u8001\u5e08\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6210\u5458\u90fd\u6709\u76ca\u3002\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u4e24\u7ec4\u6570\u636e\u662f B 2-1.1\uff084.45-3.49 = 0.96\uff09\u548c B 2-1.5\uff084.61-3.66 = 0.95\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u8868\u793a\u6559\u5e08\u5c65\u884c\u7684\u804c\u8d23\u548c\u7ed9\u4e88\u5b66\u751f\u9f13\u52b1\u4e0e\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 2-2 \u6d3b\u52a8\u53ca\u8bfe\u7a0b<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5bf9\u53c2\u4e0e\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u5f97\u5230\u589e\u52a0\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u662f B 2-2.9\uff084.18-3.21 = 0.97\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u53d1\u5c55\u793e\u533a\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a\u5c06\u793e\u533a\u7684\u516c\u5171\u573a\u6240\u6253\u626b\u5e72\u51c0\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bf9\u5bb6\u5ead\u3001\u5b66\u6821\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5230\u793e\u533a\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u548c\u76ca\u5904\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0B 3.\u590d\u5174\u793e\u4f1a\u9053\u5fb7\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30
    \nB 3-1 \u5341\u9879\u529f\u8bfe<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u5173\u4e8e\u5b66\u751f\u6bcf\u5929\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u7684\u6570\u636e\u589e\u52a0\u6700\u5c11\u7684\u662f B3-1.8\uff084.23-3.12 = 1.11\uff09\uff0c\u6700\u591a\u7684\u662f B 3-1.2\uff084.10-2.76 = 1.34\uff09\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u5206\u6570\u90fd\u8d85\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b49\u7ea7\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u6d3b\u52a8\u6709\u6e05\u6670\u660e\u663e\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3e\u6b62\u90fd\u6709\u5f97\u5230\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u601d\u60f3\u4e5f\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5f88\u5927\u5730\u63d0\u5347\u3002<\/p>\n

    B 3-2 \u4fc3\u8fdb\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u4ece\u8bc4\u4f30\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u589e\u52a0\u6700\u591a\u7684\u662f B 3 – 2.4\uff084.28 – 3.06 \u00a0= \u00a01.22\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u751f\u6d3b\u6280\u5de7\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bf9\u5b66\u751f\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u76ca\u5904\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u5b66\u751f\u80fd\u5c06\u4f5b\u6cd5\u77e5\u8bc6\u8fd0\u7528\u5230\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u5b66\u751f\u80fd\u6709\u8d28\u91cf\u5730\u5065\u5eb7\u6210\u957f\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5584\u4eba\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u5c06\u83b7\u5f97\u5feb\u4e50\u548c\u5e78\u798f\u8fdb\u6b65\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u3002\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u6570\u503c\u589e\u52a0\u5230 B 3 – 2.6\uff084.23 – 2.99 \u00a0= \u00a01.24\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u5173\u4e8e\u56e2\u961f\u5de5\u4f5c\u6280\u5de7\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u8fd9\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u5b66\u751f\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u5b66\u751f\u5171\u540c\u5b8c\u6210\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u672a\u6765\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u8fdb\u5165\u793e\u4f1a\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b66\u751f\u6210\u957f\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u73af\u5883\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u53cc\u65b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u5fc5\u7136\u4f1a\u6709\u610f\u89c1\u4e0d\u5408\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u5bfc\u81f4\u6469\u64e6\u4e89\u5435\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6d3b\u52a8\u8ba9\u5b66\u751f\u5f97\u4ee5\u953b\u70bc\u81ea\u6211\uff0c\u8ba9\u81ea\u5df1\u9002\u5408\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u76f8\u5904\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u672a\u6765\u6210\u957f\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u8c10\u751f\u6d3b\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 B 3-3 \u4f5b\u65e5\u53bb\u5bfa\u9662<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u5173\u4e8e\u4f5b\u9640\u6559\u4e49\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5982\uff1a\u6301\u5b88\u4e94\u6212\u3001\u9759\u5750\u3001\u884c\u5584\u548c\u6258\u94b5\u4f9b\u517b\u50e7\u56e2\u7b49\u3002\u81ea\u4ece\u5b66\u751f\u52a0\u5165\u590d\u5174\u4e16\u754c\u9053\u5fb7\u6d3b\u52a8\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d3b\u52a8\u66f4\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u4e86\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f00\u59cb\u5bf9\u4f5b\u9640\u6559\u4e49\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u503c\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ea7\u522b\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u8d85\u8fc7 4\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6258\u94b5\u4f9b\u517b\u7ed9\u50e7\u56e2\uff0c\u5373\u662f B3-3.1\uff084.19-2.80 = 1.39\uff09\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u8ba9\u5b66\u751f\u5f97\u4ee5\u5b9e\u4e60\u4f5b\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u968f\u4e4b\u5f00\u59cb\u70ed\u7231\u884c\u5584\u548c\u7d2f\u79ef\u529f\u5fb7\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 B 4.\u5b66\u751f\u8a00\u884c\u4e3e\u6b62\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u8bc4\u4f30<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u5f15\u7528\u672c\u6770\u660e\u00b7\u5e03\u5362\u59c6 (58) \u7684\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u628a\u6559\u80b2\u76ee\u6807\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u5927\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u8ba4\u77e5\u9886\u57df (59)\uff08Cognitive Domain\uff09\u3001\u52a8\u4f5c\u6280\u80fd\u9886\u57df\uff08Psychomotor Domain\uff09\u548c\u60c5\u611f\u9886\u57df\uff08Affective Domain\uff09\u3002\u5e03\u5362\u59c6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u5916\u663e\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u5185\u9690\u5fc3\u7406\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5916\u663e\u884c\u4e3a\u53ef\u89c2\u3001\u53ef\u6d4b\u91cf\u3002\u539f\u6765\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3e\u6b62\u5f00\u59cb\u5f97\u5230\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u662f\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6216\u81ea\u6211\u953b\u70bc\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u6216\u5076\u7136\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3e\u6b62\u5f80\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u624d\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u8ba4\u77e5\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u662f\u6682\u65f6\u7684\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u90a3\u8fd8\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8ba4\u77e5\u7684\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u56e0\u800c\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u5b66\u751f\u52a0\u5165\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u6d3b\u52a8\u540e\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3e\u6b62\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002<\/p>\n

    (58) \u672c\u6770\u660e\u00b7\u5e03\u5362\u59c6\uff08Benjamin S. Bloom et al. 1956\uff09\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u5f53\u4ee3\u8457\u540d\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u5bb6\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6(1913-1999\uff09\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (59) \u5305\u62ec\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3001\u9886\u4f1a\u3001\u8fd0\u7528\u3001\u5206\u6790\u3001\u7efc\u5408\u3001\u8bc4\u4ef7\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7406\u667a\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0B 4-1 \u667a\u529b\u65b9\u9762<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u667a\u529b\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u5927\u8111\u8ba4\u77e5\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e0e\u667a\u80fd\u3001\u77e5\u8bc6\u3001\u601d\u7ef4\u548c\u806a\u6167\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6709\u6548\u5730\u601d\u8003\u5404\u79cd\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u667a\u6167\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a6\u4e2a\u5c42\u6b21\uff1a1.\u77e5\u8bc6\uff08Knowledge\uff09\uff0c2.\u7406\u89e3\uff08Comprehension\uff09\uff0c3.\u5e94\u7528\uff08Application\uff09\uff0c4.\u5206\u6790\uff08Analysis\uff09\uff0c5.\u7efc\u5408\uff08Synthesis\uff09\uff0c6.\u8bc4\u4ef7\uff08Evaluation\uff09\u3002\u4ece\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u7684\u6570\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u5728\u77e5\u8bc6\u9886\u57df\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u90fd\u5df2\u5f80\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u63d0\u5347\u548c\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u8fd0\u7528\u6240\u5b66\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u7ed9\u81ea\u5df1\u548c\u4ed6\u4eba\u5e26\u6765\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u6548\u5730\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b66\u4e60\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0B 4-2 \u6280\u80fd\u65b9\u9762<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6280\u80fd\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u5de5\u4f5c\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u719f\u7ec3\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u4ee5\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a\u8861\u91cf\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u6280\u80fd\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u6c34\u5e73\u5305\u542b\u6709\uff1a1.\u6a21\u4eff\uff08Imitation\uff09\uff0c2.\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08Manipulation\uff09\uff0c3. \u7cbe\u786e\uff08Precision\uff09 \uff0c4. \u52a8\u4f5c\u8fde\u8d2f\uff08Articulation\uff09\u719f\u7ec3\uff0c5.\u81ea\u7136\u5316\uff08Naturalization\uff09\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u610f\u8bc6\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u4ece\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u7684\u6570\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u53d8\u5316\u6700\u591a\u76842\u9879\uff0cB 4-2.1\uff084.20-2.93 = 1.27\uff09\u662f\u5b66\u751f\u5bf9\u505a\u7ec3\u4e60\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u5ea6\uff0c\u548c B 4-2.2\uff084.34-3.14 = 1.20\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5bf9\u65e5\u5e38\u6d3b\u52a8\u8f6e\u503c\u7684\u8d1f\u8d23\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u9879\u90fd\u4e0e\u6559\u5e08\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u7d27\u5bc6\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u8001\u5e08\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u770b\u5230\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0B 4-3 \u9053\u5fb7\u65b9\u9762<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u5bf9\u5b66\u751f\u9053\u5fb7\u6216\u5fc3\u7406\u65b9\u9762\u8a00\u884c\u4e3e\u6b62\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002\u4e0e\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u3001\u611f\u53d7\u3001\u611f\u52a8\u3001\u89c1\u89e3\u3001\u4fe1\u4ef0\u548c\u5173\u6ce8\u5ea6\u6709\u5173\u3002\u8a00\u884c\u4e3e\u6b62\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u826f\u597d\u4e14\u5408\u7406\u5b89\u6392\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u5185\u5bb9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u52a0\u5f3a\u5584\u601d\u7ef4\u5728\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u73af\u5883\u548c\u673a\u7f18\u7684\u751f\u6210\u4e0e\u8fd0\u7528\u3002\u6b64\u884c\u4e3a\u8bad\u7ec3\u5305\u62ec\uff1a1.\u63a5\u53d7\uff08Receiving\uff09\uff0c2.\u53cd\u5e94\uff08Responding\uff09\uff0c3.\u4ef7\u503c\u8bc4\u4ef7\uff08Valuing\uff09\uff0c4.\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff08Organization\uff09\uff0c5.\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\uff08Characterization\uff09\u3002\u4ece\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7ed3\u679c\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u5fc3\u7406\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u5f97\u5230\u6539\u5584\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5c0a\u656c\u5fc3\u3001\u8363\u8a89\u611f\u548c\u6b23\u8d4f\u4ed6\u4eba\u4f18\u70b9\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u8fd9\u80fd\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u975e\u5e38\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4f7f\u5b66\u751f\u8eab\u8fb9\u7684\u4eba\u4ece\u4e2d\u53d7\u76ca\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5173\u6000\u3001\u7406\u89e3\u4e0e\u5c0a\u91cd\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 4-4 \u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u5bf9\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u5c5e\u4e8e\u603b\u62ec\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u6d3b\u52a8\uff08V-star\uff09\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4ece\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u6570\u503c\uff08\u5927\u4e8e1.2\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6559\u5e08\u548c\u6709\u5173\u4eba\u5458\u8ba4\u53ef\u6b64\u9879\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6e05\u6670\u770b\u5230\u6d3b\u52a8\u7ed9\u5b66\u751f\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u76ca\u5904\u3002<\/p>\n

    \uff08\u56db\uff09\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206 B 1-B 4 \u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n

    \u56fe\u8868\u8bf4\u660e\u5404\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u503c<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u56fe\u8868 2.1 \u53c2\u4e0e\u6d3b\u52a8\u524d\u540e\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u503c\u5dee\u5f02 ( Pre -Post)\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u7531\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u5e73\u5747\u6570<\/strong><\/p>\n

    B 1-B 4 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/strong>B 2-2 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 2-1 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 1-2 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 4-2 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 B 3-2 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 B 1-1 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 4-1 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 4-3 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B 3-3 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 B 3-1 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 B 4-4<\/p>\n

    Pre \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/strong> \u00a03.57 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a03.61 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 3.06 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a03.07 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 2.99 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 3.21 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 3.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a03.13 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a03.06 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 2.96 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a02.98
    \n<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Post \u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a04.43 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a04.51 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 4.12 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a04.20 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 4.13 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 4.35 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a04.16 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a04.30 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a04.31 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a04.21 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a04.29<\/p>\n

    \u5dee\u5f02 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>0.86 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.90 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1.06 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01.13 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1.14 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1.14 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01.16 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01.17 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01.25 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01.25 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01.31<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4ece\u56fe\u8868 2.1 \u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u53c2\u4e0e\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u6d3b\u52a8\uff08V-star\uff09\u540e\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u5206\u6570\u90fd\u6709\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u4f4e\u76842\u7ec4\u5dee\u5f02\u5e73\u5747\u6570\uff08Post-Pre\uff09\u90fd\u5728 B 2 \u90e8\u5206\u5185\uff0c\u5373\u662f B 2-2\uff084.43-3.57 = 0.86\uff09\u548c B 2-1\uff084.51-3.61 = 0.90\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0e\u6559\u80b2\u7ba1\u7406\u8bc4\u4f30\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u7531\u89c2\u5bdf\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u53c2\u4e0e\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u6d3b\u52a8\u524d\u7684\u5206\u6570\u666e\u904d\u6bd4\u8f83\u9ad8\uff08\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u6570\u503c\u90fd\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u9ad8\uff09\u3002\u8868\u660e\u6559\u80b2\u7ba1\u7406\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a2\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5373\u662f B 2-1 \u6559\u5b66\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u548c B 2-2 \u8bfe\u5916\u5b9e\u8df5\u6d3b\u52a8\u53ca\u8bfe\u7a0b\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u5b66\u6821\u548c\u8001\u5e08\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5b89\u6392\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5f53\u5b66\u751f\u52a0\u5165\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u5206\u6570\u90fd\u5f97\u5230\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u5bf9\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u6709\u76ca\u5904\uff0c\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u4f1a\u83b7\u5f97\u79ef\u6781\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5728\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5dee\u5f02\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u662f B 4-4\uff084.29-2.98 = 1.31\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bf9\u53c2\u4e0e\u5b66\u751f\u4e4b\u5f71\u54cd\u6709\u5173\u8054\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u5f80\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u57f9\u517b\u81ea\u5df1\u6210\u4e3a\u597d\u699c\u6837\u3001\u590d\u5174\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u5f15\u9886\u8005\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u56e2\u7ed3\u3001\u5949\u732e\u548c\u8425\u9020\u6e29\u6696\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u9759\u5750\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\uff1b\u5e38\u5e2e\u5fd9\u5bfa\u9662\u5404\u9879\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u53bb\u5bfa\u9662\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u9010\u6e10\u589e\u591a\uff0c\u61c2\u5f97\u7167\u987e\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u4f1a\u5a31\u4e50\u4f46\u4e0d\u67d3\u6076\u9053\u7b49\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u9648\u8ff0\u7684\u90fd\u5728 B 4-4 \u90e8\u5206\u91cc\u3002\u4ece\u6bcf\u90e8\u5206\u8bc4\u4f30\u5206\u6570\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u53ef\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u5f53\u5b66\u751f\u901a\u8fc7\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u9053\u5fb7\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u5f97\u5230\u953b\u70bc\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u90fd\u5728\u5f80\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u6539\u5584\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u5f88\u6709\u76ca\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u529f\u5b9e\u73b0\u8be5\u9879\u76ee\u9884\u671f\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u548c\u5b97\u65e8\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\uff08\u4e94\uff09\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\u5bf9\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u63d0\u8bae\u548c\u770b\u6cd5\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5206\u6790<\/p>\n

    B\u7ec4\u8c03\u67e5\u95ee\u5377\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u662f\u8c03\u67e5\u5bf9\u8c61\u5bf9\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u63d0\u8bae\u548c\u770b\u6cd5\u3002\u8bc4\u4f30\u6807\u51c6\u5206\u4e3a5\u7b49\u7ea7\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5206\u6570 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a02 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a03 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a04 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 5
    \n<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u6307\u793a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u8d5e\u540c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4e0d\u8d5e\u540c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u666e\u901a \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u8d5e\u540c \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u975e\u5e38\u8d5e\u540c<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u4ece\u8c03\u67e5\u95ee\u5377\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u6c47\u96c6\u5404\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u603b\u7ed3\u4e3a\u5982\u4e0b\u8868\u683c\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0C \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 C 1-1 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 C 1-2 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 C 2-1 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 C 2-2 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0C 2-3 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 C 2-4 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0C 2-5 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 C 2-6<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u5e73\u5747\u6570 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a04.54 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 4.59 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 4.35 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 4.54 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a04.58 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a04.55 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a04.68 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a04.75<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u6807\u51c6\u5dee \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.58 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.50 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.56 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.58 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.50 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.53 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.47 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.44<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 C \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 C 2-7 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 C 2-8 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0C 3-1 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 C 3-2 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 C 3-3 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0C 3-4 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0C 3-5 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0C 3-6<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u5e73\u5747\u6570 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a04.54 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 4.72 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 4.38 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a04.39 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a04.54 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a04.56 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a04.56 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a04.55<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u6807\u51c6\u5dee \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.53\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.45 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.57 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.6 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.58 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.55 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.60 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.58<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4ece\u56fe\u8868\u4e2d\u53ef\u77e5\uff0cC 1\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5173\u4e8e\u573a\u5730\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u548c\u9879\u76ee\u6267\u884c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002C 1-1 \u548cC 1-2 \u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u6570\u503c\u662f 4.54 \u548c 4.59\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u8001\u5e08\u5e26\u9886\u5b66\u751f\u5230\u5bfa\u9662\u89c2\u770b\u5c55\u89c8\u540e\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6cd5\u8eab\u5bfa\u5177\u5907\u6761\u4ef6\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u4e3e\u529e\u6b64\u6d3b\u52a8\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\u8d1f\u8d23\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u56e2\u961f\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u540c\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5373\u4e3a\u590d\u5174\u4e16\u754c\u9053\u5fb7\u800c\u52aa\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

    C 2\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5173\u4e8e\u5bf9\u5404\u7c7b\u5a92\u4f53\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u5ea6\uff0c\u5982\uff1a\u73b0\u573a\u89e3\u8bf4\u3001\u5404\u7c7b\u5a92\u4ecb\uff1a\u56fe\u7247\u3001\u89c6\u9891\u3001\u6f14\u793a\u548c\u5c55\u89c8\u3002\u800c C2-6 \u548c C2-8 \u662f\u5728C2\u4e2d\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u6570\u503c\u6700\u9ad8\u7684 2\u9879\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f C \u7ec4\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6570\uff0c\u5373 4.75 \u548c 4.72\u3002\u6b64\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0e\u5c55\u89c8\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u6709\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u6cd5\u8eab\u5bfa\u51c6\u5907\u5c55\u89c8\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u5a92\u4ecb\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u57f9\u517b\u548c\u63d0\u5347\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5438\u5f15\u5b66\u751f\u4eec\u7684\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u8fd0\u7528\u5230\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

    C 3\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0e\u5bf9\u5b66\u751f\u6c42\u5b66\u548c\u63d0\u5347\u9053\u5fb7\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u3002\u4ece\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u6570\u503c\u662f C 3-4 = 4.56 \u548c C 3-5 = 4.56\u3002\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\u8001\u5e08\u8ba4\u4e3a\u57f9\u517b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5a92\u4ecb\uff0c\u8001\u5e08\u7684\u91cd\u89c6\u5ea6\uff0c\u5bb6\u957f\u65b9\u9762\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u6700\u9ad8\uff0c\u4ece\u6bcf\u9879\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u4e2d\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u6bcf\u9879\u6570\u503c\u90fd\u5927\u4e8e 4.3\uff0c\u6807\u51c6\u5dee\u5c11\u4e8e 0.60 \u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6559\u5e08\u5bf9\u6b64\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u5904\u4e8e\u8d5e\u540c\u548c\u975e\u5e38\u8d5e\u540c\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u96c6\u4f53\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u3001\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\u5dee\u6570\u503c\u5f88\u5c0f\u3002\u7531\u6b64\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u51fa\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u6d3b\u52a8\uff08V-star\uff09\u662f\u5bf9\u5b66\u751f\u6709\u76ca\u7684\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u5730\u63d0\u5347\u5b66\u751f\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u524d\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u4e09\u3001\u5206\u6790\u6d3b\u52a8\u6210\u529f\u7684\u539f\u56e0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u81ea 2008 \u5e74\u9996\u6b21\u4e3e\u529e\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5230 2015 \u5e74\u5df2\u6210\u529f\u4e3e\u529e\u5341\u5c4a\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u95e8\u7684\u666e\u904d\u91cd\u89c6\u3002\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u6559\u80b2\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u3001\u5b66\u6821\u7ba1\u7406\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u3001\u6559\u5e08\u534f\u4f1a\u3001\u4e49\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u53ca\u5404\u4e2a\u5355\u4f4d\u901a\u529b\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u8ba9\u8bb8\u591a\u5b66\u6821\u53c2\u4e0e\u8be5\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4f7f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u5728\u4eba\u683c\u65b9\u9762\u5f97\u5230\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u5728\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4eba\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u53ca\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u957f\u8fdc\u672a\u6765\u505a\u79ef\u6781\u6709\u76ca\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u3002\u7b2c\u4e03\u5c4a\u53c2\u4e0e\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u81f4\u8bcd\u4eba\uff0c\u6709\u56fd\u5bb6\u526f\u603b\u7406\u517c\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u90e8\u957f\u5f6d\u5e16\u00b7\u94c1\u7518\u624e\u7eb3\u5148\u751f\uff08Mr.Pongthep Thepkanjana\uff09\u53ca\u57fa\u7840\u6559\u80b2\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u79d8\u4e66\u957f\u79e6\u6f58\u00b7\u666e\u5bc6\u535a\u58eb\uff08Dr.Chinnaphat Bhumirat\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u90fd\u8d5e\u6210\u4e0e\u9f13\u52b1\u672c\u8ba1\u5212\u5bf9\u5bb6\u5ead\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u6574\u4f53\u6240\u505a\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u8d21\u732e (60)\u3002\u7b14\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u6d3b\u52a8\u80fd\u6210\u529f\u4e3e\u529e\uff0c\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u56e0\u7d20\u4fc3\u6210\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u56fd\u60c5\u548c\u653f\u5e9c\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u7684\u652f\u6301<\/p>\n

    \u81ea\u53e4\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5728\u6cf0\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u4ece\u751f\u5230\u6b7b\u7686\u8ddf\u50e7\u4eba\u6709\u5173\uff1a\u51fa\u751f\u3001\u7ed3\u5a5a\u3001\u751f\u75c5\u3001\u4e27\u793c\u5c31\u53bb\u5bfa\u9662\u4fee\u529f\u5fb7\u6216\u8bf7\u50e7\u4eba\u5e2e\u5fd9\uff1b\u5728\u53e4\u4ee3\u5bfa\u9662\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u6751\u5e84\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u662f\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u5fc3 (61)\uff0c\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e8b\u60c5\u5c31\u6765\u5bfa\u9662\u805a\u4f1a\uff0c\u4f5b\u5bfa\u5373\u805a\u96c6\u4eba\u6c11\u7cbe\u795e\u4e4b\u5730\u70b9\u3002\u6b64\u662f\u53e4\u4ee3\u4f5b\u6559\u50e7\u4eba\u6240\u5960\u5b9a\u51fa\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u529f\u80fd\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n

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    \uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u57f9\u8bad\u7684\u539f\u7406<\/p>\n

    \u57f9\u8bad\u7684\u539f\u7406\u662f\u6d3b\u52a8\u6210\u529f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5982\u679c\u539f\u7406\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5177\u4f53\u5730\u5b9e\u884c\uff0c\u6539\u5584\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5219\u96be\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u826f\u5584\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u884c\u4e3a\u4e5f\u96be\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n

    (60) \u91ca\u5584\u5fb7\uff0e\u6cf0\u56fd\u6cd5\u8eab\u5bfa\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\uff08V-Star\uff09\u6d3b\u52a8\u73b0\u4ee3\u827a\u672f\u5c55\u89c8\u4e4b\u5448\u73b0\uff3bR\uff3d\uff0e\u53f0\u6e7e\uff1a\u6cd5\u9f13\u4f5b\u6559\u5b66\u9662\uff0c2013\uff1a20\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (61) \u5bf9\u4e8e\u6cf0\u8bed\u7684\u6765\u7f18\uff0c\u6cf0\u6587\u5b57\u6bcd\u53d1\u97f3\u7686\u4ece\u5df4\u5229\u8bed\u5f15\u7528\u8fc7\u6765\uff0c\u800c\u53e4\u4ee3\u5bfa\u9662\u6210\u4e3a\u4eba\u6c11\u5b66\u4e60\u6cf0\u8bed\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u7ecf\u7531\u50e7\u4eba\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6574\u4e2a\u6cf0\u56fd\u5c31\u7edf\u4e00\u4f7f\u7528\u6cf0\u8bed\uff0c\u4fc3\u4f7f\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b89\u5b9a\u3002\u91ca\u5fc3\u5e73\uff0e\u6cf0\u56fd\u5357\u4f20\u4f5b\u6559\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u6000\u4e4b\u7814\u7a76\uff3bJ\uff3d\uff0e\u6cd5\u5370\u5b66\u62a5\uff0c2015\uff0c5\uff1a246\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u6280\u5de7<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u975e\u667a\u529b\u56e0\u7d20\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u52a8\u673a\u3001\u6d53\u539a\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u5174\u8da3\u3001\u9971\u6ee1\u7684\u70ed\u60c5\u3001\u575a\u5f3a\u7684\u6bc5\u529b\u548c\u52e4\u594b\u523b\u82e6\u7684\u4f18\u826f\u6027\u683c\u7b49\uff09\u662f21\u4e16\u7eaa\u4eba\u624d\u57f9\u517b\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8bfe\u9898\u3002(62) \u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u6210\u529f\u4e0e\u63d0\u9ad8\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u3001\u57f9\u517b\u6301\u7eed\u53c2\u4e0e\u7684\u52a8\u673a\u548c\u7ed9\u4e88\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u6210\u5c31\u611f\u7b49\u9488\u5bf9\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u63aa\u65bd\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f9d\u8d56\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u670b\u53cb\u6bd4\u76f8\u4fe1\u5bb6\u957f\u66f4\u591a\u3002\u6b64\u5e74\u9f84\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u8ba4\u4e3a\u73ed\u7ea7\u7684\u6c14\u6c1b\u597d\u3001\u6709\u8c08\u5f97\u6765\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u6216\u96c6\u4f53\u6d3b\u52a8\u5f88\u5feb\u4e50\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u521d\u4e2d\u751f\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u5feb\u4e50\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0 (63)\u3002\u5f53\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u90fd\u53c2\u52a0\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u6f6e\u6d41\uff0c\u8c01\u4e0d\u53c2\u52a0\u53cd\u800c\u662f\u8ddf\u4e0d\u4e0a\u65f6\u9ae6\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u5f00\u5c55\u7ade\u8d5b\u6d3b\u52a8\u662f\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b66\u4e60\u79ef\u6781\u6027\u548c\u5b66\u4e60\u6210\u7ee9\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u624b\u6bb5\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4e2d\u7b49\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u6fc0\u594b\u6c34\u5e73\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u6548\u7387 (64)\u3002\u5f00\u5c55\u201c\u9157\u9152\u5371\u5bb3\u201d\u7ade\u8d5b\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u8ba9\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u611f\u89c9\u4efb\u52a1\u6709\u8da3\u53c8\u6709\u6311\u6218\u6027\uff0c\u6fc0\u53d1\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u5174\u8da3\u5e76\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ed6\u4eec\u5b8c\u6210\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u52a8\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n

    (62) \u6c88\u5fb7\u7acb\uff0e\u63ed\u5f00\u513f\u7ae5\u5fc3\u7406\u4e0e\u884c\u4e3a\u4e4b\u8c1c\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u5317\u4eac\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2006\uff1a249\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (63) \u897f\u5927\u8bda\u4e00\u90ce\uff0c\u5c1a\u7ee7\u5b97\u7f16\u8bd1\uff0e\u521d\u4e2d\u751f\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u4e0e\u6559\u80b2\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u6559\u80b2\u79d1\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1982\uff1a64\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (64) \u6c88\u5fb7\u7acb\uff0e\u63ed\u5f00\u513f\u7ae5\u5fc3\u7406\u4e0e\u884c\u4e3a\u4e4b\u8c1c\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u5317\u4eac\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2006\uff1a247\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u518d\u6b21\uff0c\u53cd\u9988\u548c\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4e5f\u662f\u6d3b\u52a8\u5f00\u5c55\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4e00\u73af\u3002\u6d3b\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u80fd\u53ca\u65f6\u4e86\u89e3\u5b66\u4e60\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u6fc0\u52b1\u594b\u53d1\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u60c5\u7eea\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5f15\u53d1\u5b66\u4e60\u52a8\u673a\uff0c\u800c\u5bb6\u957f\u548c\u8001\u5e08\u5219\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u53cd\u9988\u6e90\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u505a\u597d\u4e8b\u9700\u8981\u9f13\u52b1\u53ca\u80af\u5b9a\uff0c\u5bb6\u957f\u548c\u8001\u5e08\u7684\u7b7e\u5b57\u5373\u662f\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u884c\u5584\u7684\u80af\u5b9a\u53ca\u652f\u6301\uff1b\u800c\u5956\u54c1\u4e5f\u662f\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u5438\u5f15\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5956\u54c1\u662f\u53c2\u52a0\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u805a\u4f1a\uff0c\u5373\u6709\u53c2\u4e0e\u9996\u90fd\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u673a\u4f1a\u53ef\u8ba9\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u5b9e\u73b0\u8ddf\u670b\u53cb\u4e00\u8d77\u53bb\u9996\u90fd\u65c5\u6e38\u7684\u68a6\u60f3\uff0c\u6709\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u548c\u6fc0\u52b1\u6027\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u4e00\u822c\u5f88\u77ed\u6682\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u575a\u6301\uff0c\u501f\u7528\u5bb6\u957f\u548c\u8001\u5e08\u6bcf\u65e5\u7684\u7b7e\u5b57\u6765\u9f13\u52b1\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5584\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n

    \uff08\u56db\uff09\u4ee5\u4e2d\u5c0f\u5b66\u751f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57f9\u8bad\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61<\/p>\n

    \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u4ee5\u4e2d\u5c0f\u5b66\u751f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57f9\u517b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1f\u513f\u7ae5\u548c\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u672a\u6765\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5e74\u9f84\u9002\u5408\u57f9\u517b\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u5438\u6536\u65b0\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u63a5\u53d7\u65b0\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u6839\u636e\u65e5\u672c\u5b66\u8005\u5bf9\u521d\u4e2d\u751f\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u4ed6\u4eec\u9664\u4e86\u4e3a\u5b66\u4e60\u70e6\u607c\uff0c\u5bf9\u4eba\u7684\u4e00\u751f\u5e94\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u751f\u6d3b\u4e5f\u6709\u56f0\u60d1 (65)\u3002\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u6d3b\u52a8\u80fd\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6d3b\u52a8\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u4ed6\u4eec\u89e3\u7b54\u81ea\u5df1\u5fc3\u4e2d\u7684\u7591\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\uff0c\u957f\u5927\u6210\u4eba\u540e\uff0c\u82e5\u4ed6\u4eec\u8d70\u6b63\u9053\u5c31\u80fd\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u3002\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u82e5\u8d70\u90aa\u9053\u5c06\u4f1a\u5236\u9020\u8bb8\u591a\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u75db\u82e6\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6cd5\u8eab\u5bfa\u4f4f\u6301\u91ca\u6cd5\u80dc\u957f\u8001\u4e00\u76f4\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u5f15\u5bfc\u4ed6\u4eec\u6210\u4e3a\u9053\u5fb7\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u597d\u699c\u6837\u6216\u201c\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u201d\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u6539\u5584\u6bd4\u8f83\u5bb9\u6613\u611f\u67d3\u5230\u548c\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u8eab\u8fb9\u7684\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\u3002\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u6b63\u9762\u6548\u5e94\u4f1a\u6210\u500d\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3e\u529e\u65b9\u9009\u62e9\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u4e3a\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n

    (65) \u897f\u5927\u8bda\u4e00\u90ce\uff0c\u5c1a\u7ee7\u5b97\u7f16\u8bd1\uff0e\u521d\u4e2d\u751f\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u4e0e\u6559\u80b2\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u6559\u80b2\u79d1\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1982\uff1a73-74\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\uff08\u4e94\uff09\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n

    \u201c\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u201d\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u5b89\u6392\uff0c\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u5373\uff1a<\/p>\n

    1.\u4ee5\u5fc3\u7075\u9053\u5fb7\u5c42\u9762\u548c\u5f53\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u79d1\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u957f\u4e45\u63d0\u5347\u3001\u53d1\u5c55\u9752\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n

    2.\u5f3a\u8c03\u4ee5\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\uff08Activity Based Learning\uff09\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u63d0\u5347\u601d\u7ef4\u673a\u5236\u4ee5\u53ca\u751f\u6d3b\u6280\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

    3.\u521b\u65b0\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\uff08innovative multimedia\uff09\u7528\u591a\u5f69\u6e05\u51c0\u7684\u5a92\u4f53\u51dd\u805a\u4eba\u5fc3\uff0c\u8ba9\u4f5b\u6cd5\u6d41\u5165\u4eba\u5fc3\uff0c\u6fc0\u52b1\u5b9e\u8df5\u4f5b\u6cd5\u7b49\u3002\u5e76\u5229\u7528\u73b0\u4ee3\u9ad8\u79d1\u6280\uff0c\u9610\u8ff0\u4e0a\u5ea7\u90e8\u4f5b\u6559\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u6839\u636e\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u590d\u53e4\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u53ca\u521b\u65b0\u7684\u9762\u8c8c\uff0c\u900f\u8fc7\u4f5b\u6559\u827a\u672f\u5448\u73b0\u4f5b\u9640\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u751f\u547d\u4e8b\u8ff9\u3001\u4f5b\u6cd5\u7684\u771f\u7406\u5b9e\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u793e\u4f1a\u5404\u9636\u5c42\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u8d5e\u626c\u4e0e\u6b22\u8fce (66)\u3002<\/p>\n

    4.\u6559\u5b66\u6750\u6599\u4e30\u5bcc\u3001\u65b9\u4fbf\u5b9e\u7528\uff0c\u80fd\u5207\u5408\u5b66\u751f\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u4eba\u9645\u7f51\u7edc\u652f\u52a9\u5408\u4f5c\u3001\u6fc0\u52b1\u8d5e\u626c\u3001\u8bbe\u7acb\u57fa\u91d1\u652f\u6301\u5b66\u6821\u8fdb\u884c\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n

    5.\u4e0d\u6dfb\u52a0\u5b66\u6821\u8d1f\u62c5\uff0c\u80fd\u987a\u5e94\u7ed3\u5408\u5b66\u6821\u672c\u6709\u9053\u5fb7\u601d\u60f3\u8bfe\u7a0b\u3002\u672c\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u5b97\u65e8\u662f\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u56fd\u5bb6\u57f9\u517b\u5065\u5168\u4eba\u683c\u3001\u5fb7\u624d\u517c\u5907\u7684\u9752\u5e74\uff0c\u56e0\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5b8c\u6210\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u653f\u7b56\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n

    6.\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fbe\u6210\u6559\u80b2\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5373\u5065\u5168\u4eba\u683c\u57f9\u80b2\u800c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6559\u5b66\u8bfe\u7a0b\u3002\u5728\u6559\u5b66\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u662f\u4ece\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u9884\u671f\u76ee\u6807\u2014\u2014\u5bf9\u5b66\u751f\u53d1\u5c55\u6709\u76ca\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u51fa\u53d1\u800c\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u6d3b\u52a8\uff1b\u8fd9\u4e5f\u7b26\u5408\u5a01\u91d1\u65af\u548c\u9ea6\u514b\u6cf0\u683c\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u9006\u5411\u6559\u5b66\u8bbe\u8ba1 (67) \u3002<\/p>\n

    (66) \u91ca\u5584\u5fb7\uff0e\u6cf0\u56fd\u6cd5\u8eab\u5bfa\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\uff08V-Star\uff09\u6d3b\u52a8\u73b0\u4ee3\u827a\u672f\u5c55\u89c8\u4e4b\u5448\u73b0\uff3bR\uff3d\uff0e\u53f0\u6e7e\uff1a\u6cd5\u9f13\u4f5b\u6559\u5b66\u9662\uff0c2013\uff1a57-59\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (67) (\u7f8e) Wiggins & McTighe\uff082001\uff09\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6700\u6709\u6548\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u53cd\u5411\u7684\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u9006\u5411\u6559\u5b66\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff08backward design\uff09\u5373\u5148\u786e\u5b9a\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u9884\u671f\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u518d\u57fa\u4e8e\u76ee\u6807\u9884\u8bbe\u8bc4\u4ef7\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0e\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6559\u5b66\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u4ee5\u7ec8\u4e3a\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u7ed3\u679c\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u53cd\u5411\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6559\u5b66\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u786e\u4fdd\u5b66\u751f\u8fbe\u6210\u9884\u671f\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    [\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_toggle title=”\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0” el_id=”1499676883710-930a727b-f461″]\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u7ed3\u8bba<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    \n\u672c\u4e66\u4ee5\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u7b14\u8005\u5728\u7eea\u8bba\u90e8\u5206\u5df2\u63d0\u51fa\u56db\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1a
    \n\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u4e8e\u51fa\u4e16\u5173\u6000\u5c42\u9762\u9610\u8ff0\uff0c\u68b3\u7406\u201c\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u201d\u548c\u201c\u4e09\u5341\u4e03\u9053\u54c1\u201d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e24\u8005\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u540c\u4e00\u6761\u8def\u7ebf\u3002
    \n\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u9610\u8ff0\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d\u51fa\u4e16\u548c\u5165\u4e16\u4eba\u751f\u5173\u6000\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u8fde\u63a5\u70b9\uff0c\u53ca\u5176\u5173\u952e\u4f55\u5728\u3002
    \n\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u9610\u8ff0\u5df4\u5229\u6587\u4e09\u85cf\u4e2d\u4e0e\u201c\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u201d\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u53ca\u5176\u5982\u4f55\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e8e\u5165\u4e16\u751f\u6d3b\u5173\u6000\u3002
    \n\uff08\u56db\uff09\u8ba8\u8bba\u5f53\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u201c\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u201d\u7406\u8bba\u4ed8\u8bf8\u4e8e\u5b9e\u8df5\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u76ee\u524d\u6cf0\u56fd\u89c4\u6a21\u6700\u5927\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u5efa\u8bbe\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\uff08V-star\uff09\u201d\u8ba1\u5212\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9053\u5fb7\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u63cf\u8ff0\u8be5\u6d3b\u52a8\u5982\u4f55\u4ee5\u65b0\u6559\u5316\u6a21\u5f0f\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u8bf4\u660e\u8be5\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u6548\u679c\u3002
    \n\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7b14\u8005\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u521d\u6b65\u5f62\u6210\u5982\u4e0b\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \u7b2c\u4e00\u3001\u4fee\u4e60\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\u80fd\u51c0\u5316\u3001\u8d85\u8d8a\u6101\u4e0e\u60b2\u3001\u9884\u9632\u70e6\u607c\uff0c\u5728\u4fee\u4e60\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5f53\u4e2d\u8ddf\u6b63\u52e4\u3001\u6b63\u5ff5\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u4fee\u884c\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u5fc3\u6e05\u51c0\u3001\u5f97\u6b63\u5b9a\u800c \u201c\u5982\u5b9e\u77e5\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u5982\u5b9e\u77e5\u201d\u4ea6\u4e0e\u516b\u5723\u9053\u7684\u201c\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u6b63\u89c1\u201d\u76f8\u7b26\u5408\u3002\u4fee\u4e60\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\uff0c\u4e5f\u7b97\u662f\u4e60\u516b\u5723\u9053\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u73af\u8282\u5373\u4fee\u4e60\u201c\u6b63\u5ff5\u201d\u3002\u201c\u4e03\u89c9\u652f\u201d\u662f\u4fee\u884c\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\u8fdb\u5165\u5b9a\u9636\u6bb5\u4e4b\u8eab\u5fc3\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1b\u4fee\u884c\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc3\u751f\u559c\u4e50\u3001\u8eab\u8f7b\u5b89\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u8fdb\u5165\u559c\u89c9\u652f\u548c\u8f7b\u5b89\u89c9\u652f\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u53d1\u5c55\u5230\u5b9a\u89c9\u652f\u3001\u820d\u89c9\u652f\uff1b\u8fd9\u662f\u89e3\u91ca\u4fee\u884c\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e4b\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002
    \n\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4fee\u4e60\u201c\u56db\u795e\u8db3\u201d\u5219\u4ee5\u56db\u79cd\u6cd5\u4fee\u201c\u5b9a\u201d\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\uff0c\u4ee5\u5fc3\u7684\u7cbe\u8fdb\u4fee\u56db\u6b63\u52e4\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u56db\u6b63\u52e4\u4ea6\u662f\u516b\u5723\u9053\u6b63\u7cbe\u8fdb\u4e4b\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u4fee\u4e60\u56db\u6b63\u52e4\u65f6\u65f6\u523b\u523b\u5b88\u62a4\u516d\u6839\uff0c\u5b88\u62a4\u8eab\u53e3\u610f\uff0c\u706d\u6076\u589e\u5584\u3002\u4ece\u4e09\u5341\u4e03\u9053\u54c1\u6574\u4f53\u4fee\u884c\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u201c\u56db\u6b63\u52e4\u201d\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u4fee\u884c\u201c\u4e94\u6839\u201d\u548c\u201c\u4e94\u529b\u201d\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u4e5f\u662f\u4fee\u4e60\u56db\u6b63\u52e4\u3001\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\uff0c\u4fee\u8bc1\u5f97\u56db\u7985\u800c\u751f\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u5982\u5b9e\u4e86\u77e5\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u4fee\u884c\u516b\u5723\u9053\u8fc7\u7a0b\u76f8\u540c\u3002
    \n\u5728\u4fee\u4e60\u516b\u5723\u9053\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e2d\uff0c\u4fe1\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6b63\u89c1\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5982\u5b9e\u4e86\u77e5\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\u4e5f\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5723\u4e4b\u6b63\u89c1\u3002\u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u518d\u8fdb\u5165\u6b63\u601d\u60df\u3001\u6b63\u8bed\u3001\u6b63\u4e1a\u76f4\u81f3\u6b63\u5ff5\u3001\u6b63\u5b9a\u7b49\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u7684\u87ba\u65cb\u4e0a\u5347\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u4fee\u884c\u201c\u4e94\u6839\u201d\u3001\u201c\u4e94\u529b\u201d\u548c\u201c\u516b\u5723\u9053\u201d\u90fd\u662f\u540c\u6837\u87ba\u65cb\u4e0a\u5347\u7684\u79ef\u7d2f\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u4f5b\u9640\u5c06\u4e94\u6839\u548c\u4e94\u529b\u7686\u9488\u5bf9\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4fee\u884c\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u6bd4\u4e18\uff0c\u628a\u516b\u5723\u9053\u7684\u6b63\u89c1\u3001\u6b63\u601d\u60df\u3001\u6b63\u8bed\u3001\u6b63\u4e1a\u3001\u6b63\u547d\uff0c\u878d\u5165\u4e3a\u201c\u4fe1\u201d\u3002\u4e94\u6839\u5f3a\u8005\uff0c\u4e3a\u6f0f\u5c3d\u800c\u5feb\u901f\u5f97\u9053\uff0c\u4e94\u6839\u8f6f\u8005\uff0c\u4e3a\u6f0f\u5c3d\u800c\u8fdf\u5f97\u9053\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u6b63\u53ef\u8bf4\u660e\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f5b\u6559\u7985\u5b97\u6240\u8c13\u987f\u609f\u3001\u6e10\u609f\u4e4b\u56e0\u7f18\u3002
    \n\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\u3001\u56db\u6b63\u52e4\u3001\u56db\u795e\u8db3\u3001\u4e94\u6839\u3001\u4e94\u529b\u3001\u4e03\u89c9\u652f\u3001\u516b\u5723\u9053\uff0c\u6bcf\u6761\u4fee\u884c\u8def\u7ebf\uff0c\u7686\u901a\u5f80\u6210\u5c31\u201c\u6b63\u5b9a\u201d\uff08\u56db\u7985\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u773c\u751f\u3001\u667a\u751f\u3001\u6167\u751f\u3001\u660e\u751f\u3001\u5149\u660e\u751f\uff0c\u4e8e\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\u4ee5\u4e09\u8f6c\u5341\u4e8c\u884c\u76f8\u4e4b\u5982\u5b9e\u667a\u89c1\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u4ee5\u5982\u662f\u4e09\u8f6c\u5341\u4e8c\u884c\u76f8\u4e4b\u5982\u5b9e\u667a\u89c1\u5df2\u5b8c\u5168\u6e05\u51c0\u800c\u8bc1\u5f97\u89e3\u8131\u6d85\u69c3\u3002\u4e09\u5341\u4e03\u9053\u54c1\u5185\u5bb9\u4e2d\u7686\u8d2f\u7a7f\u76f8\u901a\uff0c\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u5185\u5bb9\u4e5f\u5c06\u751f\u547d\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5f53\u4e0b\u751f\u6d3b\u542b\u6444\u5728\u5185\u3002\u4fee\u4e60\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u5706\u6ee1\u8005\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4fee\u4e60\u4e09\u5341\u4e03\u5168\u90e8\u7684\u9053\u54c1\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u7b2c\u4e8c\u3001\u4fee\u884c\u201c\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u201d\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e16\u95f4\u6b63\u89c1\u4e3a\u5f00\u7aef\uff0c\u4ee5\u201c\u6b63\u5b9a\u201d\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u7531\u524d\u4e03\u652f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6b63\u5b9a\u4e4b\u8d44\u7cae\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b63\u5b9a\u4e3a\u7ed3\u679c\u800c\u5f97\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u6b63\u667a\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53cd\u590d\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u4fee\u884c\u4f7f\u6167\u589e\u4e0a\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u5bf9\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\u4e09\u8f6c\u5341\u4e8c\u884c\u76f8\u5b8c\u5168\u4e86\u77e5\u3002\u516b\u5723\u9053\u9996\u652f\u4e4b\u6b63\u89c1\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u5b9e\u4e86\u77e5\u56db\u5723\u8c1b\u3002\u4ece\u4e16\u4fd7\u751f\u6d3b\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u79ef\u7d2f\u4fee\u884c\u516b\u5723\u9053\uff0c\u7531\u5b9a\u800c\u751f\u6167\uff0c\u6b64\u6167\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6b63\u89c1\uff0c\u6b64\u5373\u8fde\u7eed\u6b63\u601d\u60df\u3001\u6b63\u8bed\u76f4\u81f3\u6b63\u5b9a\u3002\u7531\u5b9a\u751f\u6167\uff0c\u6b64\u826f\u6027\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u589e\u4e0a\u87ba\u65cb\u73af\u7ed5\uff0c\u56f0\u987f\u4eba\u751f\u7684\u70e6\u607c\u9010\u6e10\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u968f\u4e4b\u5168\u90e8\u516b\u652f\u4e5f\u8fdb\u5165\u66f4\u9ad8\u4e00\u7ea7\u7684\u4fee\u884c\u9636\u6bb5\u3002
    \n\u76f4\u81f3\u65ad\u9664\u201c\u4e09\u4e0b\u5206\u7ed3\u201d\uff0c\u5168\u90e8\u516b\u652f\u624d\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5165\u5723\u4eba\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u5f00\u59cb\u63d0\u5347\u6210\u4e3a\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u6b63\u89c1\uff0c\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u516b\u5723\u9053\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u3002\u8fdb\u5165\u8fd9\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u516b\u652f\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u5165\u4fee\u4e60\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff08maggasama\u1e45g\u012b\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u87ba\u65cb\u4e0a\u5347\u73af\u7ed5\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u65ad\u5c3d\u8bf8\u70e6\u607c\u3001\u89e3\u8131\u6d85\u69c3\u3002\u6b64\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u7531\u201c\u4e16\u95f4\u6167\u201d\u63d0\u5347\u5230\u201c\u51fa\u4e16\u95f4\u6167\u201d\u4e4b\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u662f\u5165\u4e16\u548c\u51fa\u4e16\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8f68\u9053\uff0c\u662f\u751f\u547d\u7531\u51e1\u8f6c\u5723\u7684\u901a\u8fbe\u5927\u9053\u3002\u6b64\u8868\u660e\u516b\u5723\u9053\u4e16\u95f4\u4e0e\u51fa\u4e16\u4fee\u884c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u4e14\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u73af\u8282\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5272\u88c2\u800c\u6beb\u65e0\u5173\u8054\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u3002
    \n\u7b2c\u4e09\u3001\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u4e2d\u7684\u6b63\u89c1\u7b2c1-4\u9879\u662f\u4eca\u4e16\u751f\u6d3b\u5b89\u4e50\u4e4b\u539f\u5219\u3002\u7b2c5-9\u9879\u662f\u672a\u6765\u4e16\u751f\u6d3b\u5b89\u4e50\u4e4b\u539f\u5219\u3002\u7b2c10\u9879\u662f\u4eba\u751f\u8d70\u6b63\u9053\u4e4b\u52a8\u529b\u3002\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u5177\u6709\u6b63\u89c1\uff0c\u5c06\u5145\u6ee1\u4fe1\u5fc3\u524d\u8fdb\uff0c\u953b\u70bc\u3001\u63d0\u5347\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u900f\u8fc7\u4fee\u884c\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u7b2c2-8\u9879\uff0c\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u706d\u5c3d\u82e6\u7684\u667a\u6167\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u56e0\u70e6\u607c\u903c\u8feb\u5fc3\uff0c\u90aa\u601d\u60df\u589e\u8fdb\u5fe7\u70e6\uff0c\u800c\u6b63\u601d\u60df\u5c06\u51cf\u8f7b\u82e6\u607c\u3002\u6b63\u8bed\u3001\u6b63\u4e1a\u5c06\u65ad\u9664\u4e0d\u6b63\u8a00\u8bed\u3001\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u51cf\u8f7b\u5171\u4f4f\u7684\u82e6\u607c\u3002\u6b63\u547d\u5c06\u4ee5\u6b63\u5f53\u751f\u8ba1\uff0c\u51cf\u8f7b\u793e\u4f1a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6b63\u7cbe\u8fdb\u5c06\u5347\u534e\u7cbe\u795e\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u8fdb\u53d6\u884c\u5584\u65ad\u6076\uff0c\u6253\u9020\u751f\u547d\u6210\u5c31\u53ca\u5b9e\u73b0\u5176\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u5f53\u5177\u8db3\u6b63\u7cbe\u8fdb\uff0c\u5c06\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4fee\u884c\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u7b2c1-5\u9879\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u719f\u7ec3\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u8eab\u4f53\u5065\u5eb7\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u5171\u4f4f\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u751f\u8ba1\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u95ee\u9898\u5c06\u4f1a\u51cf\u5c11\u3002\u6b63\u5ff5\u4f7f\u4eba\u89c9\u77e5\u5f53\u4e0b\u672c\u4f53\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u3001\u660e\u77e5\u5185\u5fc3\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5fc3\u60c5\u5b89\u7a33\u3001\u4e0d\u70e6\u8e81\uff0c\u4fc3\u4f7f\u4fee\u884c\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u7b2c1-6\u9879\u66f4\u52a0\u7a33\u56fa\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u597d\u4e60\u6027\u3002\u65e7\u82e6\u9010\u6e10\u6d88\u706d\uff0c\u53c8\u9884\u9632\u65b0\u82e6\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u65f6\u523b\u7531\u6b63\u5ff5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5fc3\u7075\u4e4b\u76d1\u62a4\u3002\u6b63\u5b9a\u662f\u5fc3\u5b8c\u5168\u9759\u5b9a\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u7531\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4fee\u884c\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u7b2c1-7\u9879\u4e3a\u52a9\u7f18\uff0c\u7985\u5b9a\u5c06\u4f1a\u4f7f\u5fc3\u6e05\u51c0\u660e\u4eae\uff0c\u770b\u900f\u4e16\u95f4\u771f\u8c1b\uff0c\u6b21\u7b2c\u8bc1\u609f\u4f5b\u6cd5\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u80fd\u65ad\u5c3d\u70e6\u607c\u3002\u636e\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u7406\u8bba\u672c\u8eab\u6709\u76ca\u4e8e\u89e3\u51b3\u4eba\u751f\u7684\u56db\u4e2a<\/p>\n

    \u5927\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u89c2\u5ff5\u3001\u601d\u60df\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5171\u4f4f\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u751f\u8ba1\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4ece\u4eba\u751f\u89c2\u3001\u4e16\u754c\u89c2\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\uff0c\u601d\u60df\u6a21\u5f0f\u76f4\u5230\u6b63\u5ff5\u7985\u4fee\u7b49\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u80fd\u8d77\u5230\u589e\u8fdb\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u8c10\uff0c\u5b89\u987f\u8eab\u5fc3\uff0c\u7075\u6027\u542f\u609f\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4eba\u7684\u54c1\u8d28\uff0c\u5efa\u6784\u7cbe\u795e\u6587\u660e\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002
    \n\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u52a9\u4eba\u8ba4\u77e5\u5176\u672c\u8eab\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0a\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u900f\u8fc7\u9053\u5fb7\u5185\u5316\u800c\u751f\u6210\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u5b8c\u5584\u548c\u81ea\u5f8b\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u53d1\u81ea\u5185\u5fc3\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\u4e0e\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u5df2\u5f62\u6210\u5171\u8bc6\uff0c\u5e76\u81ea\u89c9\u5730\u670d\u4ece\u793e\u4f1a\u89c4\u8303\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5185\u5728\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u6b64\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u63a7\u5236\u201d\u3002 \u793e\u4f1a\u63a7\u5236\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u9884\u9632\u3001\u6291\u5236\u3001\u8c03\u8282\u3001\u548c\u77eb\u6cbb\u793e\u4f1a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5408\u7406\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u63a7\u5236\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7ef4\u6301\u793e\u4f1a\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u800c\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5219\u662f\u4eba\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u8fd9\u8868\u793a\u4e2a\u4f53\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5efa\u6784\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002
    \n\u5728\u751f\u8ba1\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u751f\u6d3b\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u91cd\u89c6\u4e2a\u4f53\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u81ea\u89c9\u610f\u8bc6\u3001\u9053\u5fb7\u8d23\u4efb\u611f\u3002\u4ee5\u4f5b\u7406\u6765\u5efa\u6784\u804c\u4e1a\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u4ee5\u81ea\u7acb\u3001\u5229\u4ed6\u4e3a\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u4ea6\u662f\u4fee\u884c\u7684\u597d\u673a\u7f18\uff0c\u80fd\u4f53\u73b0\u51fa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u751f\u547d\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4ea6\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\u4eba\u751f\u4e16\u4fd7\u548c\u51fa\u4e16\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u4f5b\u9640\u6559\u5bfc\u4e0d\u4f46\u652f\u6301\u79ef\u6781\u5730\u5bfb\u6c42\u7269\u8d28\u8d22\u5bcc\uff0c\u66f4\u52a0\u91cd\u89c6\u5efa\u6784\u7cbe\u795e\u8d22\u5bcc\u3002\u7ecf\u5178\u7406\u8bba\u4e2d\u6559\u80b2\u91cd\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u8d2f\u901a\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u548c\u5f80\u751f\u540e\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u4eca\u4e16\u5e78\u798f\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u61c2\u5f97\u51c6\u5907\u7cbe\u795e\u8d22\u5bcc\uff0c\u4ee5\u5907\u751f\u751f\u4e16\u4e16\u5e78\u798f\u5b89\u4e50\uff0c\u76f4\u5f80\u89e3\u8131\u6d85\u69c3\u3002
    \n\u201c\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u201d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0e\u751f\u547d\u6559\u80b2\u606f\u606f\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u5173\u6000\u3002\u4f5b\u6559\u6559\u4e49\u867d\u7136\u7e41\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u4f5b\u6cd5\u5b9e\u8df5\u5207\u8fd1\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u751f\u6d3b\u4e0e\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u771f\u5b9e\uff0c\u6709\u76ca\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u957f\u4e45\u672a\u6765\u3002\u56e0\u800c\uff0c\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u201d\u7684\u6559\u5bfc\u503c\u5f97\u8ba8\u8bba\u5e76\u7ed9\u4e88\u91cd\u89c6\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u88ab\u547c\u5401\u5e76\u9f13\u52b1\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u4eb2\u8eab\u4f53\u9a8c\u5b9e\u8df5\u5176\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4ee4\u5b9e\u8df5\u8005\u589e\u8fd1\u5bf9\u4f5b\u9640\u6559\u6cd5\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u8ba4\u540c\uff0c\u53ca\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4f53\u751f\u547d\u4e0e\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u6167\u547d\u5ef6\u7eed\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u5730\u63a2\u7a76\u3002
    \n\u7b2c\u56db\u3001\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u63a2\u7a76\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u6d3b\u52a8\u5728\u5f53\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u7684\u65b0\u6559\u5316\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u8be5\u6d3b\u52a8\u660e\u663e\u6709\u76ca\u4e8e\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u4eba\u683c\u53d1\u5c55\u3001\u54c1\u8d28\u63d0\u5347\u3002 \u201c\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u201d\u6d3b\u52a8\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u53c2\u4e0e\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u516d\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \uff08\u4e00\uff09\u9053\u5fb7\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u81ea\u5f8b\uff0c\u6811\u7acb\u6b63\u5f53\u751f\u547d\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u61c2\u5f97\u81ea\u6211\u6fc0\u52b1\uff0c\u65ad\u6076\u884c\u5584\uff1b
    \n\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u751f\u6d3b\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u61c2\u5f97\u4fdd\u6301\u8eab\u4f53\u5065\u5eb7\u3001\u8c03\u548c\u5fc3\u60c5\uff1b
    \n\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u793e\u4f1a\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u61c2\u5f97\u5c3d\u672c\u5206\u3001\u505a\u5584\u53cb\uff0c\u4e0e\u4eba\u53cb\u5584\uff1b
    \n\uff08\u56db\uff09\u5b66\u4e60\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u6709\u521b\u610f\uff0c\u61c2\u5f97\u8fa8\u522b\u662f\u975e\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\uff1b
    \n\uff08\u4e94\uff09\u751f\u8ba1\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u61c2\u5f97\u6b63\u5f53\u5730\u8fc7\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u8282\u4fed\u3001\u5206\u4eab\uff1b
    \n\uff08\u516d\uff09\u5b89\u95f2\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u81ea\u6211\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002
    \n\u5176\u539f\u56e0\u9664\u4e86\u6cf0\u56fd\u56fd\u60c5\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u7684\u652f\u6301\u5916\uff0c\u672c\u8ba1\u5212\u7cbe\u5fc3\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u5bf9\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u6d3b\u52a8\u987a\u5229\u5f00\u5c55\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u900f\u8fc7\u65e5\u5e38\u6d3b\u52a8\uff08\u5982\u5728\u4e94\u4e2a\u623f\u95f4\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e94\u9879\u56fd\u9645\u7f8e\u5fb7\uff0c\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u505a\u7684\u5341\u79cd\u884c\u5584\u6d3b\u52a8\uff09\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u76ca\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u96c6\u4f53\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e09\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u610f\u4e49\u6240\u5728\uff0c\u6709\u9053\u5fb7\u539f\u7406\u4e3a\u80cc\u666f\u601d\u60f3\u3002
    \n\u65e5\u5e38\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u80fd\u6bcf\u5929\u514b\u670d\u81ea\u5df1\u5341\u9879\u529f\u8bfe\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u672c\u8eab\u5584\u826f\u7684\u4e60\u6027\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u793e\u4f1a\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\u4ed6\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eba\u505a\u529b\u6240\u80fd\u53ca\u4e4b\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f53\u73b0\u81ea\u5df1\u4fee\u70bc\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u5e76\u53d1\u6325\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f53\u73b0\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u96c6\u4f53\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f7c\u6b64\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u51e0\u5341\u4e07\u4f4d\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\uff0c\u8fd9\u80fd\u80af\u5b9a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5584\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u4eec\u53c2\u52a0\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e0d\u662f\u5c0f\u4e8b\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u5f88\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u4e8b\u4e1a\u3002\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u95ee\u5377\u8c03\u67e573\u6240\u4e2d\u5c0f\u5b66\u8d1f\u8d23\u8001\u5e08\u548c\u5bb6\u957f\u5bf9\u8be5\u6d3b\u52a8\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u53ef\u8c13\u504f\u4e8e\u8f83\u5c11\u6570\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee3\u8868\u5168\u90e8\u53c2\u52a0\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u4f46\u81f3\u5c11\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u6d3b\u52a8\u6210\u679c\u7684\u8d8b\u5411\u6548\u679c\u53ca\u8981\u8c03\u6574\u6539\u5584\u4e4b\u5904\u3002
    \n\u201c\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u201d\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u8bb8\u591a\u5355\u4f4d\u7684\u652f\u6301\u5408\u4f5c\u800c\u6210\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u5173\u952e\u5373\u8054\u7edc\u4e49\u5de5\u7684\u534f\u52a9\u63a8\u884c\u3002\u4e49\u5de5\u7531\u4fe1\u5ff5\u3001\u9053\u4e49\u3001\u6148\u60b2\u3001\u8d23\u4efb\u548c\u5927\u613f\u529b\uff0c\u4e3a\u6539\u8fdb\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u4e16\u754c\u800c\u732e\u51fa\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u7cbe\u529b\u63d0\u4f9b\u65e0\u79c1\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u201c\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u201d\u6d3b\u52a8\u4ea6\u63a8\u5e7f\u5230\u56fd\u5916\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u8499\u53e4\u3001\u5c3c\u6cca\u5c14\u3001\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u7b49\u5730\uff1b\u672a\u6765\u53ef\u4e3e\u529e\u56fd\u9645\u6027\u7684\u201c\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\u201d\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u68c0\u9a8c\u5176\u6d3b\u52a8\u6210\u679c\u548c\u6548\u7387\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6de1\u5316\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u8272\u5f69\uff0c\u7528\u4e2d\u6027\u666e\u9002\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u6d3b\u52a8\u4ee3\u66ff\uff0c\u672a\u6765\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e3e\u529e\u7c7b\u4f3c\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u503c\u5f97\u8003\u8651\u7684\u524d\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u201c\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u201d\u662f\u4f5b\u9640\u89c9\u609f\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u751f\u547d\u5173\u6000\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u751f\u547d\u65e0\u660e\u4e4b\u82e6\u4ee5\u53ca\u8ffd\u6c42\u5f7b\u5e95\u7684\u89e3\u8131\u3002\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u5b9e\u8df5\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u5706\u878d\u5730\u89e3\u51b3\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u4e2a\u4eba\u95ee\u9898\u53ca\u82e6\u607c\uff1b\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u96c6\u4f53\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5e7f\u5927\u4fee\u884c\u8005\u5728\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u7684\u718f\u9676\u4e0b\uff0c\u81ea\u5f8b\u7cbe\u795e\u3001\u8d23\u4efb\u611f\u3001\u60ed\u6127\u5fc3\u7b49\u5185\u5728\u54c1\u8d28\u4e0d\u65ad\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002
    \n\u8fd9\u6837\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u3001\u8a00\u8bed\u3001\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u80fd\u591f\u5e26\u6765\u4e2a\u4eba\u5185\u5fc3\u7684\u548c\u4e50\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4eba\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u548c\u7766\u5171\u5904\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u4f7f\u793e\u4f1a\u5b89\u5b9a\u6709\u5e8f\u3002\u201c\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u201d\u80fd\u591f\u6e05\u51c0\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u201c\u8eab\u53e3\u610f\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u6574\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u666e\u904d\u667a\u6167\u3002\u4f5b\u6559\u5b5c\u5b5c\u4ee5\u6c42\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\u89c9\u609f\u4ee5\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u6574\u4f53\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4fee\u4e60\u201c\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u201d\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u3002
    \n\u53e6\u5916\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u5177\u6709\u666e\u9002\u6027\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4fee\u4e60\u8005\u6765\u81ea\u4e0d\u540c\u79cd\u65cf\u548c\u65cf\u7fa4\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65f6\u7a7a\uff0c\u90fd\u80fd\u591f\u6070\u5f53\u7684\u878d\u5165\uff0c\u6709\u6240\u589e\u76ca\u3002\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u5bf9\u4eba\u4eec\u4e16\u95f4\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u751f\u6d3b\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u4fc3\u4f7f\u4eba\u4eec\u5065\u5eb7\u3001\u6e05\u6d01\u3001\u6574\u9f50\u3001\u793c\u8c8c\u3001\u5b88\u65f6\u3001\u6b63\u5ff5\u9759\u5fc3\u5730\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u548c\u4e50\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u8c10\u3002\u5f53\u4e0b\u4e2d\u56fd\u6b63\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u8c10\u793e\u4f1a\u4ee5\u53ca\u52aa\u529b\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u68a6\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u516b\u6b63\u9053 \u201d\u7684\u5165\u4e16\u3001\u51fa\u4e16\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u7a33\u5b9a\u548c\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u68a6\u201d\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u80fd\u591f\u8d77\u5230\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5728\u7cbe\u795e\u5efa\u8bbe\u9886\u57df\u4e5f\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    [\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_toggle title=”\u9644\u5f55. \u5f8b\u85cf\uff1a\u50e7\u56e2\u5e94\u8be5\u505a\u7684\u6e05\u626b\u548c\u6574\u6d01 \uff08\u300a\u6c49\u8bd1\u5357\u4f20\u5927\u85cf\u7ecf\u300b\uff09” el_id=”1499678458453-f6e0eec9-1f70″]\u201c\u82e5\u548c\u5c1a\u6240\u4f4f\u7cbe\u820d\u5c18\u6c61\uff0c\u80fd\u5219\u4ee4\u51c0\u6d01\u3002\u51c0\u626b\u7cbe\u820d\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u5148\u51fa\u8863\u3001\u94b5\u7f6e\u4e8e\u4e00\u9762\uff0c\u51fa\u5750\u5177\u3001\u6577\u5177\u7f6e\u4e8e\u4e00\u9762\uff0c\u51fa\u8925\u3001\u6795\u7f6e\u4e8e\u4e00\u9762\u3002\u7f6e\u5e8a\u4e8e\u4e0b\uff0c\u52ff\u649e\u95e8\u3001\u6963\uff0c\u59a5\u5584\u53d6\u51fa\uff0c\u5e94\u7f6e\u4e8e\u4e00\u9762\u3002\u7f6e\u5c0f\u5e8a\u4e8e\u4e0b\uff0c\u52ff\u649e\u95e8\u3001\u6963\uff0c\u59a5\u5584\u53d6\u51fa\uff0c\u5e94\u7f6e\u4e8e\u4e00\u9762\u3002\u51fa\u5e8a\u811a\u7f6e\u4e8e\u4e00\u9762\uff0c\u51fa\u553e\u58f6\u7f6e\u4e8e\u4e00\u9762\uff0c\u51fa\u6795\u677f\u7f6e\u4e8e\u4e00\u9762\u3002\u51fa\u5730\u6577\u5177\uff0c\u601d\u60df\u5982\u4f55\u6577\u5f20\u800c\u7f6e\u4e8e\u4e00\u9762\u3002\u82e5\u7cbe\u820d\u6709\u86db\u7f51\u8005\uff0c\u5e94\u89c2\u5bdf\u800c\u62c2\u4e4b\u3002\u5e94\u6e05\u626b\u7a97\u6237\u53ca\u89d2\u9685\u3002
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    \n\u5e94\u6652\u5e72\u3001\u6d01\u51c0\u3001\u6253\u626b\u7528\u5e8a\uff0c\u653e\u7f6e\u4e8e\u4e0b\uff0c\u52ff\u649e\u95e8\u3001\u6963\uff0c\u59a5\u5584\u642c\u5165\uff0c\u5982\u6614\u6240\u7f6e\u8bbe\u800c\u7f6e\u4e4b\u3002\u5e94\u6652\u5e72\u6795\u3001\u8925\uff0c\u51c0\u3001\u62cd\u800c\u642c\u5165\uff0c\u5982\u6614\u6240\u7f6e\u8bbe\u800c\u7f6e\u4e4b\u3002\u5e94\u6652\u5e72\u5750\u5177\u3001\u6577\u5177\uff0c\u51c0\u3001\u62cd\u800c\u642c\u5165\uff0c\u5982\u6614\u6240\u94fa\u9648\u800c\u9648\u4e4b\u3002\u5e94\u6652\u5e72\u553e\u58f6\uff0c\u62ed\u51c0\u642c\u5165\uff0c\u653e\u7f6e\u539f\u5904\u3002\u5e94\u6652\u5e72\u6795\u677f\uff0c\u626b\u6d01\u642c\u5165\uff0c\u653e\u7f6e\u539f\u5904\u3002
    \n\u5e94\u6536\u85cf\u8863\u94b5\u3002\u6536\u85cf\u94b5\u8005\uff0c\u5e94\u4e00\u624b\u53d6\u94b5\uff0c\u4e00\u624b\u6469\u89e6\u5e8a\u4e0b\uff0c\u6216\u6469\u89e6\u5c0f\u5e8a\u4e0b\u4ee5\u85cf\u94b5\u3002\u94b5\u4e0d\u5f97\u6536\u7f6e\u4e8e\u9732\u5730\u3002\u6536\u85cf\u4e0a\u8863\u8005\uff0c\u5e94\u4e00\u624b\u53d6\u4e0a\u8863\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e00\u624b\u62c2\u8863\u67b6\u3001\u6216\u8863\u7ef3\uff0c\u7aef\u5916\u895e\u5185\u800c\u85cf\u4e0a\u8863\u3002
    \n\u82e5\u7531\u4e1c\u65b9\u98ce\u5439\u5c18\u6765\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u95ed\u4e1c\u7a97\u3002\u82e5\u7531\u897f\u65b9\u98ce\u5439\u5c18\u6765\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u95ed\u897f\u7a97\u3002\u82e5\u7531\u5317\u65b9\u98ce\u5439\u5c18\u6765\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u95ed\u5317\u7a97\u3002\u82e5\u7531\u5357\u65b9\u98ce\u5439\u5c18\u6765\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u95ed\u5357\u7a97\u3002\u82e5\u5bd2\u51b7\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u4e8e\u663c\u95f4\u5f00\u7a97\u591c\u95f4\u95ed\u7a97\u3002\u82e5\u6691\u70ed\u65f6\uff0c\u5373\u663c\u95f4\u95ed\u7a97\u591c\u95f4\u5f00\u7a97\u3002<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u82e5\u623f\u95f4\u6709\u5c18\u57a2\u65f6\uff0c\u5f53\u6e05\u626b\u623f\u95f4\u3002\u82e5\u5e93\u95f4\u6709\u5c18\u57a2\u65f6\uff0c\u5f53\u6e05\u626b\u5e93\u95f4\u3002\u82e5\u52e4\u884c\u5802\u6709\u5c18\u57a2\u65f6\uff0c\u5f53\u6e05\u626b\u52e4\u884c\u5802\u3002\u82e5\u706b\u5802\u6709\u5c18\u57a2\u65f6\uff0c\u5f53\u6e05\u626b\u706b\u5802\u3002\u82e5\u5395\u623f\u6709\u5c18\u57a2\u65f6\uff0c\u5f53\u6e05\u626b\u5395\u623f\u3002\u82e5\u65e0\u996e\u6599\u65f6\uff0c\u5f53\u5907\u996e\u6599\u3002\u82e5\u65e0\u98df\u7269\u65f6\uff0c\u5f53\u5907\u98df\u7269\u3002\u82e5\u6d12\u6c34\u74f6\u65e0\u6c34\u65f6\uff0c\u5f53\u76db\u6c34\u4e8e\u6d12\u6c34\u74f6\u3002\u201d \u00a0(1)<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    (1) \u5f8b\u85cf\ufe5dMBU.\ufe5e\u518c6\uff0cp.141-143.\uff1b\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e\u518c3\uff0c\u987564-66\uff1b\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5eVin.I.p.47-49.<\/strong><\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    [\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_toggle title=”\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e” el_id=”1499678740171-2ac1b86f-f277″]\u4e00\u3001\u5df4\u5229\u539f\u5178\ufe5dP.T.S.\ufe5e<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \uff3b1\uff3dHermann Oldenberg. The Vinaya Pi\u1e6daka\u1e43 Vol.I (The Mah\u0101vagga) \uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eLondon:The Pali Text Society,1997.
    \n\uff3b2\uff3dHermann Oldenberg.The Vinaya Pi\u1e6daka\u1e43 Vol.II (The Cullavagga) \uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eLondon:The Pali Text Society,1995.
    \n\uff3b3\uff3dHermann Oldenberg.The Vinaya Pi\u1e6daka\u1e43 Vol.III\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eLondon: The Pali Text Society,1993.
    \n\uff3b4\uff3dHermann Oldenberg.The Vinaya Pi\u1e6daka\u1e43 Vol.IV\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eLondon: The Pali Text Society,1993.
    \n\uff3b5\uff3dHermann Oldenberg.The Vinaya Pi\u1e6daka\u1e43 Vol.V\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eLondon: The Pali Text Society,2001.
    \n\uff3b6\uff3dEstlin Carpenter (Edited).The D\u012bgha Nik\u0101ya Vol.I\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eOxford: The Pali Text Society,1992.
    \n\uff3b7\uff3dProf. T. W. Rhys Davids, Ph.D., LL.D. and Prof. J. Estlin Carpenter, M.A.\uff0eThe D\u012bgha Nik\u0101ya Vol. I\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eLondon:The Pali Text Society,1975.
    \n\uff3b8\uff3dProf. T. W. Rhys Davids, Ph.D., LL.D. and Prof. J. Estlin Carpenter, M.A.\uff0eThe D\u012bgha Nik\u0101ya Vol. II\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eLondon:The Pali Text Society,1982 .
    \n\uff3b9\uff3dJ. Estin Carpenter, D.Litt\uff0eThe D\u012bgha Nik\u0101ya Vol.III\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e London:The Pali Text Society.1976.
    \n\uff3b10\uff3dV. Trenckner\uff0e The Majjhima-Nik\u0101ya Vol. I\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eLondon: The Pali Text Society,2002.<\/p>\n

    \uff3b11\uff3dRobert Chalmers.The Majjhima \u2013Nik\u0101ya Vol. II\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eLondon: The Pali Text Society,1993.
    \n\uff3b12\uff3dRobert Chalmers.The Majjhima \u2013Nik\u0101ya Vol. III\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eLondon: The Pali Text Society,1994.
    \n\uff3b13\uff3dLeon Feer (Edited).Sa\u1e43yutta-Nik\u0101ya Vol.I\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eOxford: The Pali Text Society,1991.
    \n\uff3b14\uff3dLeon Feer (Edited). Sa\u1e43yutta-Nik\u0101ya Vol.II\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eOxford: The Pali Text Society,1989.
    \n\uff3b15\uff3dLeon Feer (Edited). Sa\u1e43yutta-Nik\u0101ya Vol.III\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eLondon: The Pali Text Society,1975.
    \n\uff3b16\uff3dLeon Feer (Edited). Sa\u1e43yutta-Nik\u0101ya Vol.IV\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eOxford: The Pali Text Society,1990.
    \n\uff3b17\uff3dLeon Feer (Edited). Sa\u1e43yutta-Nik\u0101ya, Vol.V\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eOxford: The Pali Text Society,1994
    \n\uff3b18\uff3dRev. Richard Morris,M.A.,LL.D..The Anguttara-Nik\u0101ya Vol.I \uff3b\uff2d\uff3d.London:The Pali Text Society,1999.
    \n\uff3b19\uff3dRev.Richard Morris,M.A.,LL.D.\uff0eThe Anguttara-Nik\u0101ya Vol.II \uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eLondon:The Pali Text Society,1995.
    \n\uff3b20\uff3dProf. E. Hardy, Ph.D.,D.D.\uff0eThe Anguttara-Nik\u0101ya Vol.III \uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eLondon: The Pali Text Society,1994.
    \n\uff3b21\uff3dProf. E. Hardy, Ph.D.,D.D.\uff0eThe Anguttara-Nik\u0101ya Vol.IV \uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eLondon: The Pali Text Society,1999.
    \n\uff3b22\uff3dProf. E. Hardy, Ph.D.,D.D..The Anguttara-Nik\u0101ya Vol.V \uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eLondon: The Pali Text Society,1999.<\/p>\n

    \uff3b23\uff3dHermann Oldenberg and Richard Pischel\uff0eThe Thera- and Ther\u012b-G\u0101th\u0101\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eLondon: The Pali Text Society,1999.
    \n\uff3b24\uff3dHelmer Smith(Edited) From A Collation By Mabel Hunt\uff0e Khuddaka-Pa\u1e6dh\u0101 and Paramatthajotik\u0101 I.\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eLondon : The Pali Text Society,1978.
    \n\uff3b25\uff3dO.von Hinuber and K.R.Norman.Dhammapada\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eOxford: The Pali Text Society,1995.
    \n\uff3b26\uff3dArnold C. Taylor, M.A..Pa\u1e6disambhid\u0101magga Vol. I\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eLondon : The Pali Text Society,1979.
    \n\uff3b27\uff3dArnold C. Taylor, M.A.\uff0ePa\u1e6disambhid\u0101magga Vol. II\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eLondon : The Pali Text Society,1979.
    \n\uff3b28\uff3dL.De La Vallee Poussin and E. J. Thomas(Edited) \uff0eMah\u0101niddesa \uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eLondon : The Pali Text Society,1978.
    \n\uff3b29\uff3dW. Stede, Ph.D. (Edited)\uff0eCullaniddesa\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eLondon : The Pali Text Society,1988.
    \n\uff3b30\uff3dMary E. Lilley(Edited)\uff0eThe Apad\u0101na Part I\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eLondon : The Pali Text Society,2000.
    \n\uff3b31\uff3dMary E. Lilley(Edited)\uff0eThe Apad\u0101na Part II\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eLondon : The Pali Text Society,2000.
    \n\uff3b32\uff3dErnst Windisch(Edited)\uff0eIti-Vuttaka\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eLondon : The Pali Text Society,1975.<\/p>\n

    \u4e8c\u3001\u6c49\u8bed\u4f5b\u5178
    \n<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    \n\uff3b16\uff3d\u540e\u79e6\u9f9f\u5179\u56fd\u4e09\u85cf\u9e20\u6469\u7f57\u4ec0\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u6469\u8bc3\u822c\u82e5\u6ce2\u7f57\u871c\u7ecf\u300b\u518c8\uff0c\u53771\uff0c\u7ecf223\u3002
    \n\uff3b17\uff3d\u4e8e\u9617\u56fd\u4e09\u85cf\u5b9e\u53c9\u96be\u9640\u5949\u5236\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u5927\u65b9\u5e7f\u4f5b\u534e\u4e25\u7ecf\u300b\u518c10\uff0c\u537714\uff0c\u7ecf279\u3002
    \n\uff3b18\uff3d\u5927\u5510\u4e09\u85cf\u6cd5\u5e08\u7384\u5958\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u5927\u5b9d\u79ef\u7ecf\u300b\u518c11\uff0c\u537753\uff0c\u7ecf310\u3002
    \n\uff3b19\uff3d\u5317\u51c9\u5929\u7afa\u4e09\u85cf\u6619\u65e0\u8c36\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u5927\u822c\u6d85\u69c3\u7ecf\u300b\u518c12\uff0c\u537726\uff0c\u7ecf374\u3002
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    \n\uff3b22\uff3d\u5927\u5468\u4e8e\u9617\u56fd\u4e09\u85cf\u6cd5\u5e08\u5b9e\u53c9\u96be\u9640\u5949\u52c5\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u5927\u4e58\u5165\u695e\u4f3d\u7ecf\u300b\u518c16\uff0c \u53775\uff0c\u7ecf672\u3002
    \n\uff3b23\uff3d\u59da\u79e6\u7f7d\u5bbe\u4e09\u85cf\u4f5b\u9640\u8036\u820d\u5171\u7afa\u4f5b\u5ff5\u7b49\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u56db\u5206\u5f8b\u300b\u518c22\uff0c\u537732\uff0c \u7ecf1428\u3002
    \n\uff3b24\uff3d\u5b8b\u7f7d\u5bbe\u4e09\u85cf\u4f5b\u9640\u4ec0\u5171\u7afa\u9053\u751f\u7b49\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u4e94\u5206\u5f8b\u300b\u518c22\uff0c\u537715\uff0c\u7ecf1421\u3002
    \n\uff3b25\uff3d\u4e09\u85cf\u6cd5\u5e08\u4e49\u51c0\u5949\u5236\u8bd1\u300a\u6839\u672c\u8bf4\u4e00\u5207\u6709\u90e8\u6bd8\u5948\u8036\u300b\u518c23\uff0c\u537734\uff0c\u7ecf1442\u3002
    \n\uff3b26\uff3d\u4e09\u85cf\u6cd5\u5e08\u7384\u5958\u5949\u8bcf\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u963f\u6bd8\u8fbe\u78e8\u6cd5\u8574\u8db3\u8bba\u300b\u518c26\uff0c\u53776\uff0c\u7ecf1537\u3002
    \n\uff3b27\uff3d\u4e09\u85cf\u6cd5\u5e08\u7384\u5958\u5949\u8bcf\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u963f\u6bd8\u8fbe\u78e8\u4ff1\u820d\u8bba\u300b\u518c29\uff0c\u53774\uff0c\u7ecf1558\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e09\u3001\u6cf0\u8bed\u4f5b\u5178\ufe5dMBU.\ufe5e
    \n<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \uff3b1\uff3d\u300a\u6cf0\u56fd\u5927\u85cf\u7ecf\u300bMah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya University\u7248\uff0c Bangkok: Mah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya\uff0c\u518c6\uff0c1994.
    \n\uff3b2\uff3d\u300a\u6cf0\u56fd\u5927\u85cf\u7ecf\u300bMah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya University\u7248\uff0c Bangkok: Mah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya\uff0c\u518c10\uff0c1994.
    \n\uff3b3\uff3d\u300a\u6cf0\u56fd\u5927\u85cf\u7ecf\u300bMah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya University\u7248\uff0c Bangkok: Mah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya\uff0c\u518c13\uff0c1994.
    \n\uff3b4\uff3d\u300a\u6cf0\u56fd\u5927\u85cf\u7ecf\u300bMah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya University\u7248\uff0c Bangkok: Mah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya\uff0c\u518c15\uff0c1994.
    \n\uff3b5\uff3d\u300a\u6cf0\u56fd\u5927\u85cf\u7ecf\u300bMah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya University\u7248\uff0c Bangkok: Mah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya\uff0c\u518c16\uff0c1994.
    \n\uff3b6\uff3d\u300a\u6cf0\u56fd\u5927\u85cf\u7ecf\u300bMah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya University\u7248\uff0c Bangkok: Mah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya\uff0c\u518c17\uff0c1994.<\/p>\n

    \uff3b7\uff3d\u300a\u6cf0\u56fd\u5927\u85cf\u7ecf\u300bMah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya University\u7248\uff0c Bangkok: Mah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya\uff0c\u518c18\uff0c1994.
    \n\uff3b8\uff3d\u300a\u6cf0\u56fd\u5927\u85cf\u7ecf\u300bMah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya University\u7248\uff0c Bangkok: Mah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya\uff0c\u518c20\uff0c1994.
    \n\uff3b9\uff3d\u300a\u6cf0\u56fd\u5927\u85cf\u7ecf\u300bMah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya University\u7248\uff0c Bangkok: Mah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya\uff0c\u518c22\uff0c1994.
    \n\uff3b10\uff3d\u300a\u6cf0\u56fd\u5927\u85cf\u7ecf\u300bMah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya University\u7248\uff0c Bangkok: Mah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya\uff0c\u518c25\uff0c1994.
    \n\uff3b11\uff3d\u300a\u6cf0\u56fd\u5927\u85cf\u7ecf\u300bMah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya University\u7248\uff0c Bangkok: Mah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya\uff0c\u518c30\uff0c1994.
    \n\uff3b12\uff3d\u300a\u6cf0\u56fd\u5927\u85cf\u7ecf\u300bMah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya University\u7248\uff0c Bangkok: Mah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya\uff0c\u518c31\uff0c1994.
    \n\uff3b13\uff3d\u300a\u6cf0\u56fd\u5927\u85cf\u7ecf\u300bMah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya University\u7248\uff0c Bangkok: Mah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya\uff0c\u518c32\uff0c1994.
    \n\uff3b14\uff3d\u300a\u6cf0\u56fd\u5927\u85cf\u7ecf\u300bMah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya University\u7248\uff0c Bangkok: Mah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya\uff0c\u518c35\uff0c1994.
    \n\uff3b15\uff3d\u300a\u6cf0\u56fd\u5927\u85cf\u7ecf\u300bMah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya University\u7248\uff0c Bangkok: Mah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya\uff0c\u518c36\uff0c1994.
    \n\uff3b16\uff3d\u300a\u6cf0\u56fd\u5927\u85cf\u7ecf\u300bMah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya University\u7248\uff0c Bangkok: Mah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya\uff0c\u518c38\uff0c1994.
    \n\uff3b17\uff3d\u300a\u6cf0\u56fd\u5927\u85cf\u7ecf\u300bMah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya University\u7248\uff0c Bangkok: Mah\u0101mongkhut R\u0101javittayalaya\uff0c\u518c69\uff0c1994.<\/p>\n

    \u56db\u3001\u6c49\u8bd1\u5357\u4f20\u5927\u85cf\u7ecf\ufe5dNAN.\ufe5e<\/strong>
    \n\uff3b1\uff3d\u901a\u5999\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u5f8b\u85cf\u4e09\u300b\uff0c\u518c3\uff0c\u9ad8\u96c4\u5e02\uff1a\u5143\u4ea8\u5bfa\u5999\u6797\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1992\u3002
    \n\uff3b2\uff3d\u901a\u5999\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u5f8b\u85cf\u4e94\u300b\uff0c\u518c5\uff0c\u9ad8\u96c4\u5e02\uff1a\u5143\u4ea8\u5bfa\u5999\u6797\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1992\u3002
    \n\uff3b3\uff3d\u901a\u5999\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u957f\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u4e00\u300b\uff0c\u518c6\uff0c\u9ad8\u96c4\u5e02\uff1a\u5143\u4ea8\u5bfa\u5999\u6797\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1994\u3002
    \n\uff3b4\uff3d\u901a\u5999\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u957f\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u4e8c\u300b\uff0c\u518c7\uff0c\u9ad8\u96c4\u5e02\uff1a\u5143\u4ea8\u5bfa\u5999\u6797\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1994\u3002
    \n\uff3b5\uff3d\u901a\u5999\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u957f\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u4e09\u300b\uff0c\u518c8\uff0c\u9ad8\u96c4\u5e02\uff1a\u5143\u4ea8\u5bfa\u5999\u6797\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1991\u3002
    \n\uff3b6\uff3d\u901a\u5999\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u4e2d\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u4e00\u300b\uff0c\u518c9\uff0c\u9ad8\u96c4\u5e02\uff1a\u5143\u4ea8\u5bfa\u5999\u6797\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1993\u3002
    \n\uff3b7\uff3d\u901a\u5999\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u4e2d\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u4e8c\u300b\uff0c\u518c10\uff0c\u9ad8\u96c4\u5e02\uff1a\u5143\u4ea8\u5bfa\u5999\u6797\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1993\u3002
    \n\uff3b8\uff3d\u901a\u5999\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u4e2d\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u4e09\u300b\uff0c\u518c11\uff0c\u9ad8\u96c4\u5e02\uff1a\u5143\u4ea8\u5bfa\u5999\u6797\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1993\u3002
    \n\uff3b9\uff3d\u901a\u5999\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u4e2d\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u300b\uff0c\u518c12\uff0c\u9ad8\u96c4\u5e02\uff1a\u5143\u4ea8\u5bfa\u5999\u6797\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1993\u3002
    \n\uff3b10\uff3d\u901a\u5999\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u76f8\u5e94\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u4e00\u300b\uff0c\u518c13\uff0c\u9ad8\u96c4\u5e02\uff1a
    \n\u5143\u4ea8\u5bfa\u5999\u6797\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1993\u3002
    \n\uff3b11\uff3d\u4e91\u5eb5\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u76f8\u5e94\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u4e8c\u300b\uff0c\u518c14\uff0c\u9ad8\u96c4\u5e02\uff1a
    \n\u5143\u4ea8\u5bfa\u5999\u6797\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1993\u3002
    \n\uff3b12\uff3d\u4e91\u5eb5\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u76f8\u5e94\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u4e09\u300b\uff0c\u518c15\uff0c\u9ad8\u96c4\u5e02\uff1a
    \n\u5143\u4ea8\u5bfa\u5999\u6797\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1993\u3002
    \n\uff3b13\uff3d\u4e91\u5eb5\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u76f8\u5e94\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u56db\u300b\uff0c\u518c16\uff0c\u9ad8\u96c4\u5e02\uff1a
    \n\u5143\u4ea8\u5bfa\u5999\u6797\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1993\u3002
    \n\uff3b14\uff3d\u4e91\u5eb5\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u76f8\u5e94\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u4e94\u300b\uff0c\u518c17\uff0c\u9ad8\u96c4\u5e02\uff1a
    \n\u5143\u4ea8\u5bfa\u5999\u6797\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1993\u3002
    \n\uff3b15\uff3d\u4e91\u5eb5\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u76f8\u5e94\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u516d\u300b\uff0c\u518c18\uff0c\u9ad8\u96c4\u5e02\uff1a
    \n\u5143\u4ea8\u5bfa\u5999\u6797\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1994\u3002
    \n\uff3b16\uff3d\u53f6\u5e86\u6625\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u589e\u652f\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u4e00\u300b\uff0c\u518c19\uff0c\u9ad8\u96c4\u5e02\uff1a
    \n\u5143\u4ea8\u5bfa\u5999\u6797\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1994\u3002<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \uff3b17\uff3d\u5173\u4e16\u8c26\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u589e\u652f\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u4e8c\u300b\uff0c\u518c20\uff0c\u9ad8\u96c4\u5e02\uff1a
    \n\u5143\u4ea8\u5bfa\u5999\u6797\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1994\u3002
    \n\uff3b18\uff3d\u90ed\u54f2\u5f70\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u589e\u652f\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u4e09\u300b\uff0c\u518c21\uff0c\u9ad8\u96c4\u5e02\uff1a
    \n\u5143\u4ea8\u5bfa\u5999\u6797\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1994\u3002
    \n\uff3b19\uff3d\u90ed\u54f2\u5f70\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u589e\u652f\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u56db\u300b\uff0c\u518c22\uff0c\u9ad8\u96c4\u5e02\uff1a
    \n\u5143\u4ea8\u5bfa\u5999\u6797\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1994\u3002
    \n\uff3b20\uff3d\u90ed\u54f2\u5f70\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u589e\u652f\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u4e94\u300b\uff0c\u518c23\uff0c\u9ad8\u96c4\u5e02\uff1a
    \n\u5143\u4ea8\u5bfa\u5999\u6797\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1994\u3002
    \n\uff3b21\uff3d\u90ed\u54f2\u5f70\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u589e\u652f\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u516d\u300b\uff0c\u518c24\uff0c\u9ad8\u96c4\u5e02\uff1a
    \n\u5143\u4ea8\u5bfa\u5999\u6797\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1994\u3002
    \n\uff3b22\uff3d\u90ed\u54f2\u5f70\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u589e\u652f\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u4e03\u300b\uff0c\u518c25\uff0c\u9ad8\u96c4\u5e02\uff1a
    \n\u5143\u4ea8\u5bfa\u5999\u6797\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1994\u3002
    \n\uff3b23\uff3d\u609f\u9192\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u5c0f\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u4e00\u300b\uff0c\u518c26\uff0c\u9ad8\u96c4\u5e02\uff1a\u5143\u4ea8\u5bfa\u5999\u6797\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1995\u3002
    \n\uff3b24\uff3d\u4e91\u5eb5\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u5c0f\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u4e8c\u300b\uff0c\u518c27\uff0c\u9ad8\u96c4\u5e02\uff1a\u5143\u4ea8\u5bfa\u5999\u6797\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1995\u3002
    \n\uff3b25\uff3d\u609f\u9192\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u5c0f\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u4e94\u300b\uff0c\u518c30\uff0c\u9ad8\u96c4\u5e02\uff1a\u5143\u4ea8\u5bfa\u5999\u6797\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1995\u3002
    \n\uff3b26\uff3d\u609f\u9192\u8bd1\uff0c\u300a\u5c0f\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u5341\u4e5d\u300b\uff0c\u518c27\uff0c\u9ad8\u96c4\u5e02\uff1a
    \n\u5143\u4ea8\u5bfa\u5999\u6797\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1996\u3002<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u4e94\u3001\u4e2d\u6587\u4e66\u76ee<\/strong>
    \n\uff3b1\uff3d\u89c9\u97f3\u5c0a\u8005\uff0e\u6e05\u51c0\u9053\u8bba\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u9ad8\u96c4\uff1a\u6b63\u89c9\u5b66\u4f1a\uff0c2000\u3002
    \n\uff3b2\uff3d\u5357\u6000\u747e\uff0e\u5357\u6000\u747e\u5168\u96c6\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u4e09\u6cb3\u5e02\uff1a\u534e\u827a\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2011\u3002
    \n\uff3b3\uff3d\u90d1\u7b71\u7b60\uff0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5357\u4f20\u4f5b\u6559\u7814\u7a76\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5317\u4eac\uff1a
    \n\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2012\u3002<\/p>\n

    \uff3b4\uff3d\u5df4\u5b99\u535a\u58eb\u8bd1\uff0e\u5357\u4f20\u5f25\u5170\u738b\u95ee\u7ecf\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5b9c\u5170\u53bf\uff1a\u4e2d\u534e\u5370\u7ecf\u534f\u4f1a\uff0c2003\u3002
    \n\uff3b5\uff3d\uff3b\u7f8e\uff3d\u4e54\u00b7\u5361\u5df4\u91d1\uff08Jon Kabat-Zinn\uff09\u8457\uff0c\u96f7\u53d4\u4e91\u8bd1\uff0e\u6b63\u5ff5\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e \u6d77\u53e3\uff1a\u6d77\u5357\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2009\u3002
    \n\uff3b6\uff3d\uff3b\u7f8e\uff3d\u9a6c\u514b\u00b7\u5a01\u5ec9\u59c6\u65af\u3001\u4e39\u5c3c\u00b7\u5f6d\u66fc\u8457\uff0c\u5218\u6d77\u9752\u8bd1\uff0e\u6b63\u5ff5\u7985\u4fee\uff1a\u5728\u55a7\u56a3\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u5b89\u5b81\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e5d\u5dde\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2013\u3002
    \n\uff3b7\uff3d\uff3b\u7f8e\uff3d\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u6258\u5f17\u00b7\u80af\u00b7\u5409\u83ab\u8457\uff0c\u674e\u9f99\u8bd1\uff0e\u4e0d\u4e0e\u81ea\u5df1\u5bf9\u6297\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u4f1a\u66f4\u5f3a\u5927\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u957f\u6625\uff1a\u5409\u6797\u6587\u53f2\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2012\u3002
    \n\uff3b8\uff3d\uff3b\u7f8e\uff3d\u897f\u683c\uff08Siegel\uff0cD.J.\uff09\u8457\uff0c\u6797\u9896\u8bd1\uff0e\u6b63\u5ff5\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7597\u5e08\uff1a\u4e34\u5e8a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u624b\u518c\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u8f7b\u5de5\u4e1a\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2013\u3002
    \n\uff3b9\uff3d\uff3b\u7f8e\uff3d\u6770\u514b\u00b7\u5eb7\u83f2\u5c14\u5fb7\uff08Kornfield\uff0cJ.\uff09\u8457\uff0c\u7ef4\u6c11\u8bd1\uff0e\u6167\u5fc3\u81ea\u5728\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u6d77\u53e3\uff1a\u6d77\u5357\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2011\u3002
    \n\uff3b10\uff3d\uff3b\u7f8e\uff3d\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7\u54c8\u7279\uff08William Hart\uff09\u8457\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u5185\u89c2\u7985\u4fee\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5c0f\u7ec4\u8bd1\uff0e\u5185\u89c2\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u6d77\u53e3\uff1a\u6d77\u5357\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2009\u3002
    \n\uff3b11\uff3d\u83e9\u63d0\u6bd4\u4e18\u7f16\uff0c\u5bfb\u6cd5\u6bd4\u4e18\u8bd1\uff0e\u963f\u6bd7\u8fbe\u6469\u6982\u8981\u7cbe\u89e3\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u9ad8\u96c4\u5e02\uff1a\u6b63\u89c9\u5b66\u4f1a\uff0c2000\u3002
    \n\uff3b12\uff3dJames H. Austin \u8457\uff0c\u6731\u8ffa\u6b23\u7f16\u8bd1\uff0e\u7985\u4e0e\u8111\uff1a\u5f00\u609f\u5982\u4f55\u6539\u53d8\u5927\u8111\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\uff1a\u8fdc\u6d41\uff0c2007\u3002
    \n\uff3b13\uff3d\uff3b\u7f8e\uff3d\u9a6c\u514b\u00b7\u5a01\u5ec9\u59c6\u65af\u3001\u4e39\u5c3c\u00b7\u5f6d\u66fc\u8457\uff0c\u5218\u6d77\u9752\u8bd1\uff0e\u6b63\u5ff5\u7985\u4fee\uff1a\u5728\u55a7\u56a3\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u5b89\u5b81\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e5d\u5dde\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2013\u3002
    \n\uff3b14\uff3d\uff3b\u7f8e\uff3d\u53f2\u8482\u82ac\u00b7\u67ef\u7ef4\u8457\uff0c\u4e01\u5eb7\u5409\u8bd1\uff0e7\u4e2a\u4e60\u60ef\u6559\u51fa\u4f18\u79c0\u5b66\u751f\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u9752\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2009\u3002
    \n\uff3b15\uff3d\u6728\u6728\u4e3b\u7f16\uff0e\u4eba\u751f\u5fc5\u4ea4\u7684\u516b\u79cd\u670b\u53cb\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u91d1\u57ce\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2012\u3002<\/p>\n

    \uff3b16\uff3d\uff3b\u7f8e\uff3d\u6c64\u59c6\u00b7\u62c9\u601d\u8457\uff0c\u6797\u9526\u6167\u3001\u4f46\u6c49\u654f\u8bd1\uff0e\u94c1\u6746\u670b\u53cb\uff1a\u4eba\u751f\u4e00\u5b9a\u6709 8 \u4e2a\u670b\u53cb\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u9752\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2010\u3002
    \n\uff3b17\uff3d\u5411\u5fb7\u5e73\u4e3b\u7f16\uff0e\u793e\u4f1a\u95ee\u9898\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2011\u3002
    \n\uff3b18\uff3d\u5321\u6d77\u6ce2\u4e3b\u7f16\uff0c\u4e70\u751f\u5f20\u65ed\u526f\u4e3b\u7f16\uff0e\u4f01\u4e1a\u793e\u4f1a\u8d23\u4efb\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2010\u3002
    \n\uff3b19\uff3d\u5411\u5fb7\u5e73\u4e3b\u7f16\uff0e\u793e\u4f1a\u95ee\u9898\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2011\u3002
    \n\uff3b20\uff3d\u5434\u94ce\u4e3b\u7f16\uff0e\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1992\u3002
    \n\uff3b21\uff3d\u5434\u7ef4\u5e93\uff0e\u60c5\u5546\u4e0e\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u673a\u68b0\u5de5\u4e1a\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2012\u3002
    \n\uff3b22\uff3d\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c31\u4e1a\u57f9\u8bad\u6280\u672f\u6307\u5bfc\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7f16\u5199\uff0e\u804c\u4e1a\u9053\u5fb7\u56fd\u5bb6\u804c\u4e1a\u8d44\u683c\u57f9\u8bad\u6559\u7a0b\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u592e\u5e7f\u64ad\u7535\u89c6\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2007\u3002
    \n\uff3b23\uff3d\u5723\u4e25\u6cd5\u5e08\u3001\u80e1\u5fd7\u5f3a\u3001\u5434\u82e5\u6743\u3001\u8521\u8bd7\u840d\u7b49\uff0e\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u6000\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\uff1a\u6cd5\u9f13\u6587\u5316\uff0c2006\u3002
    \n\uff3b24\uff3d\u5434\u7ef4\u5e93\uff0e\u4ee5\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u4e3a\u672c\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u673a\u68b0\u5de5\u4e1a\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2012\u3002
    \n\uff3b25\uff3d\u4e00\u884c\u7985\u5e08\u8457\uff0c\u5411\u5146\u660e\u8bd1\uff0e\u548c\u7e41\u91cd\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e00\u8d77\u4fee\u884c\uff1a\u5e73\u548c\u559c\u4e50\u5730\u6210\u5c31\u4e8b\u4e1a\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u90d1\u5dde\uff1a\u6cb3\u5357\u6587\u827a\u51fa\u7248\uff0c2015\u3002
    \n\uff3b26\uff3d\uff3b\u7f8e\uff3d\u90fd\u5e0c\u683c\uff08Charles Duhigg\uff09\uff0c\u5434\u5955\u4fca\u7b49\u8bd1\uff0e\u4e60\u60ef\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u4fe1\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2013\u3002
    \n\uff3b27\uff3dO.S.Marden\u8457\uff0c\u675c\u98ce\u8bd1\uff0e\u4e2a\u6027\u5f71\u54cd\u4e00\u751f\u7684\u6210\u8d25\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u79cd\u7c7d\u6587\u5316\uff0c2004\u3002
    \n\uff3b28\uff3d\u6c88\u5fb7\u7acb\uff0e\u63ed\u5f00\u513f\u7ae5\u5fc3\u7406\u4e0e\u884c\u4e3a\u4e4b\u8c1c\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u5317\u4eac\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2006\u3002
    \n\uff3b29\uff3d\u897f\u5927\u8bda\u4e00\u90ce\uff0c\u5c1a\u7ee7\u5b97\u7f16\u8bd1\uff0e\u521d\u4e2d\u751f\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u4e0e\u6559\u80b2\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u6559\u80b2\u79d1\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1982\u3002<\/p>\n

    \uff3b30\uff3d\u5723\u4e25\u6cd5\u5e08\uff0e\u4e09\u5341\u4e03\u9053\u54c1\u8bb2\u8bb0\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\uff1a\u6cd5\u9f13\u6587\u5316\uff0c2011\u3002
    \n\uff3b31\uff3d\u5df4\u5b99\u535a\u58eb\u8bd1\uff0e\u5357\u4f20\u5f25\u5170\u738b\u95ee\u7ecf\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5b9c\u5170\u53bf\uff1a\u4e2d\u534e\u5370\u7ecf\u534f\u4f1a\uff0c2003\u3002
    \n\uff3b32\uff3d\u8521\u5947\u6797\uff0e\u5df4\u5229\u5b66\u5f15\u8bba\uff1a\u65e9\u671f\u5370\u5ea6\u4f5b\u5178\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0e\u4f5b\u6559\u6587\u732e\u4e4b\u7814\u7a76\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u53f0\u6e7e\u5b66\u751f\u4e66\u5c40\uff0c2008\u3002
    \n\uff3b33\uff3dJames W. Gair & W.S. Karunatillake\u8457\uff0c\u6eab\u5b97\u5803\u7f16\u8bd1\uff0e\u5c55\u8bfb\u5df4\u5229\u65b0\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff1a\u8fdb\u5165\u4f5b\u9640\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u4e16\u754c\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\uff1a\u6cd5\u9f13\u6587\u5316\uff0c2015\u3002
    \n\uff3b34\uff3d\u6bb5\u775b\u7b49\u8bd1\uff0e\u6c49\u8bd1\u5df4\u5229\u4e09\u85cf\u00b7\u7ecf\u85cf\u00b7\u957f\u90e8\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u4e0a\u6d77\uff1a\u4e2d\u897f\u4e66\u5c40\uff0c2012\u3002
    \n\u516d\u3001\u6cf0\u6587\u4e66\u76ee<\/strong>
    \n\uff3b1\uff3dPhrabhavanaviriyakhun\uff08Phra Phadet Dattajeevo\uff09\uff0eThe Fruits of True Monhood\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eBangkok : Dharmasarn\uff0c2003.
    \n\uff3b2\uff3dViriya Chinavanno\uff0eMeditation in the Tripitaka\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eBangkok: Chulalongkorn University\uff0c1990.
    \n\uff3b3\uff3d\u65bd\u547d\u6cd5\u5e08\uff0e\u6551\u56fd\u624b\u518c\u2219\u7b2c\u4e8c\u518c\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5df4\u541e\u5b83\u5c3c\uff1a\u6cd5\u8eab\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\uff0c2004.
    \n\uff3b4\uff3dSuthep Promlert\uff0eKamph\u012bmah\u0101vong Part I\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0ePhranakronsriayuttaya: Mah\u0101chul\u0101longkornr\u0101javidy\u0101laya University,2010.
    \n\uff3b5\uff3d\u5854\u8fbe\u5947\u6e25\u6cd5\u5e08\uff0e\u4f5b\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u5df4\u541e\u5b83\u5c3c\uff1a\u6cd5\u8eab\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\uff0c1992.
    \n\uff3b6\uff3d\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\uff0e\u57fa\u7840\u6559\u80b2\u6838\u5fc3\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u66fc\u8c37\uff1a\u6cf0\u56fd\u519c\u4e1a\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\uff0c2008.
    \n\uff3b7\uff3dVen.Padet Dattajivo and Suwanee Srisopha\uff0eThe Scince and art of teaching\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eBangkok: SKSG print,2010.
    \n\uff3b8\uff3dSutap Promled\uff0eTipitaka Study, 2nd ed.\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eBangkok\uff1aThaidiary Press, 2009.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u4e03\u3001\u8bba\u6587\u3001\u671f\u520a\u3001\u6742\u5fd7<\/strong>
    \n\uff3b1\uff3d\u91ca\u5fc3\u5e73\uff0e\u5f53\u4ee3\u4f5b\u6559\u6b63\u5ff5\u7985\u4fee\u5bf9\u4eba\u751f\u4e4b\u5f71\u54cd\uff3bJ\uff3d\uff0e\u6cd5\u97f3\uff0c2014\uff0c361 \uff089\uff09\u3002
    \n\uff3b2\uff3d\u91ca\u5fc3\u5e73\uff0e\u4ece\u300a\u5584\u751f\u7ecf\u300b\u900f\u89c6\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\uff3bJ\uff3d\uff0e\u5f53\u4ee3\u5b97\u6559\u7814\u7a76\uff0c2014\uff0c96\uff083\uff09\u3002
    \n\uff3b3\uff3d\u91ca\u5fc3\u5e73\u3001\u91ca\u767d\u6734\uff0e\u5df4\u5229\u5f8b\u6bd4\u4e18\u6212\u4e0e\u6cf0\u56fd\u793c\u4eea\u4e4b\u63a2\u8ba8\uff3bJ\uff3d\uff0e\u6cd5\u97f3\uff0c2014\uff0c 358\uff086\uff09\u3002
    \n\uff3b4\uff3d\u91ca\u5fc3\u5e73\uff0e\u6cf0\u56fd\u5357\u4f20\u4f5b\u6559\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u6000\u4e4b\u7814\u7a76\uff3bJ\uff3d\uff0e\u6cd5\u5370\u5b66\u62a5\uff0c2015\uff0c5\u3002
    \n\uff3b5\uff3d\u54c8\u78ca\uff0e\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\u7814\u7a76\uff3b\uff24\uff3d\uff0e\u56db\u5ddd\uff1a\u56db\u5ddd\u5927\u5b66\uff0c2004\u3002
    \n\uff3b6\uff3d\u4e4c\u591a\u62c9\uff0e\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\u89c2\u6cd5\uff3b\uff24\uff3d\uff0e\u56db\u5ddd\uff1a\u56db\u5ddd\u5927\u5b66\uff0c2007\u3002
    \n\uff3b7\uff3d\u5218\u6bd3\uff0e\u6b63\u5ff5\u6846\u67b6\u4e0b\u7684\u81ea\u63a7\u529b\u63d0\u5347\u7814\u7a76\uff3b\uff24\uff3d\uff0e\u6f33\u5dde\uff1a\u6f33\u5dde\u5e08\u8303\u5b66\u9662\uff0c2012\u3002
    \n\uff3b8\uff3d\u6bb5\u6c0f\u7389\u71d5\uff0e\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u7528\u4e8e\u4f01\u4e1a\u9053\u5fb7\u5efa\u8bbe\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u4fe1\u4efb\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff3b\uff24\uff3d\uff0e \u4e0a\u6d77\uff1a\u534e\u4e1c\u7406\u5de5\u5927\u5b66\uff0c2014\u3002
    \n\uff3b9\uff3d\u90d1\u6625\u9c7c\uff0e\u6b63\u5ff5\u8bad\u7ec3\u5728\u4e2d\u5b66\u751f\u5fc3\u7406\u5065\u5eb7\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff3b\uff24\uff3d\uff0e \u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u9996\u90fd\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\uff0c2012\u3002
    \n\uff3b10\uff3d\u8d75\u6653\u6668\uff0e\u5185\u89c2\u7985\u4fee\u5bf9\u5fc3\u667a\u89c9\u77e5\u4e0e\u4e3b\u89c2\u5e78\u798f\u611f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff3b\uff24\uff3d\uff0e\u4e0a\u6d77\uff1a \u534e\u4e1c\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\uff0c2011\u3002
    \n\uff3b11\uff3d\u91ca\u5584\u5fb7\uff0e\u6cf0\u56fd\u6cd5\u8eab\u5bfa\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u661f\uff08V-Star\uff09\u6d3b\u52a8\u73b0\u4ee3\u827a\u672f\u5c55\u89c8\u4e4b\u5448\u73b0\uff3bR\uff3d\uff0e\u53f0\u6e7e\uff1a\u6cd5\u9f13\u4f5b\u6559\u5b66\u9662\uff0c2013\u3002
    \n\uff3b12\uff3dVen. Piyadassi\uff0e\u516b\u6b63\u9053\u7684\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\uff3bJ\uff3d\uff0eBuddhist Publication Society Kandy\u2219Sri Lanka\uff0cBPS Online Edition\uff0c2010.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \uff3b13\uff3dPhra Amnaj khantiko\uff0e\u5185\u89c2\u7985\u4fee\u636e\u56db\u5ff5\u5904\u5723\u9053\u4e4b\u7814\u7a76\uff3b\uff24\uff3d\uff0e\u6cf0\u56fd\uff1a Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University\uff0c2011\u3002
    \n\uff3b14\uff3d\u4f59\u9752\u4e91\uff0e\u57fa\u4e8e\u6b63\u5ff5\u7985\u4fee\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u7597\u6cd5\u8ff0\u8bc4\uff3bJ\uff3d\uff0e\u6e56\u5317\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u9662\u5b66\u62a5\uff0c2010\uff0c7\uff082\uff09\u3002
    \n\uff3b15\uff3d\u5468\u65b9\u6cbb\uff0c\u674e\u6587\u4e3b\u7f16\uff0e\u4e0a\u5ea7\u90e8\u4f5b\u6559\u4e0e\u6cf0\u56fd\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u8f6c\u578b\uff3bJ\uff3d\uff0e\u4e1c\u4e9a\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u53d8\u9769\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u6587\u732e\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2006\u3002
    \n\uff3b16\uff3d\u5218\u5fb7\u6743\uff0e\u52e4\u5fcd\u8bda\u548c\u2014\u7f8e\u96ea\u96c6\u56e2\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u7cbe\u795e\uff3bJ\uff3d\uff0e\u4e16\u754c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0e\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c1996\uff0c10\u3002
    \n\uff3b17\uff3d\u6c6a\u82ac\u3001\u9ec4\u5b87\u971e\uff0e\u6b63\u5ff5\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u548c\u8111\u673a\u5236\uff3bJ\uff3d\uff0e\u5fc3\u7406\u79d1\u5b66\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c2011\uff0c 19\uff0811\uff09\u3002
    \n\uff3b18\uff3d\u5218\u5fb7\u6743\u3001\u5b59\u96ea\u5ca9\uff0e\u7528\u201c\u52e4\u5fcd\u8bda\u548c\u201d\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u7cbe\u795e\u57f9\u80b2\u826f\u597d\u5c1a\u5fb7\uff3bJ\uff3d\uff0e\u5546\u4e1a\u9053\u5fb7\u7814\u7a76\uff0c1995\uff0c5\u3002
    \n\uff3b19\uff3dVen.Somchai Thanavuddho\uff0e\u77e5\u4e16\u77e5\u6cd5\uff3bJ\uff3d\uff0e\u798f\u4e2d\u5c45\u6742\u5fd7\uff0c2009\uff0c80\u3002
    \n\uff3b20\uff3d\u5609\u6728\u626c\u2219\u51ef\u671d\u8457\uff0c\u90d1\u7b71\u7b60\u4e3b\u7f16\uff0e\u524d\u7530\u60e0\u5b66\u4e0e\u4e1c\u5357\u4e9a\u4f5b\u6559\u7814\u7a76\uff3bJ\uff3d\uff0e \u4e1c\u5357\u4e9a\u5b97\u6559\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2013\u3002
    \n\uff3b21\uff3d\u62c9\u7279\uff08Rev. Kallanchiye Rathanasiri Thero\uff09\uff0e\u5df4\u5229\u6587\u3008\u957f\u90e8\u3009\u7814\u7a76 \uff3b\uff24\uff3d\uff0e\u6b66\u6c49\uff1a\u6b66\u6c49\u5927\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\uff0c2010\u3002
    \n\u516b\u3001\u5de5\u5177\u4e66<\/strong>
    \n\uff3b1\uff3dRhys Davids, T.W. & Stede, W., ed.\uff0eThe Pali Text Society Pali-English Dictionary\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eLondon: PTS\uff0c1986.
    \n\uff3b2\uff3dBhikkhu \u00f1\u0101\u1e47amoli\uff0eA Pali \u2013 English Glossary of Buddhist Technical Terms\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eSri Lanka:Buddhish publication society\uff0c1994.<\/p>\n

    \uff3b3\uff3dRobert Caesar Childers\uff0eA Dictionary of The Pali Language\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e London:Kyoto Rinsen book company\uff0c1987.
    \n\uff3b4\uff3dPhra Dhammapidok\uff0eBuddhist Dictionary\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eBangkok\uff1a mah\u0101cul\u0101longkronr\u0101jjhavittayalai\uff0c1995.
    \n\uff3b5\uff3dA.P.Buddhadatta Mah\u0101thera\uff0eConcise Pali – English Dictionary\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e Delhi:Motilal banarsidass\uff0c1989.
    \n\uff3b6\uff3dP.A.Payutto\uff0eDictionnary of Buddhism\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eBangkok\uff1a mah\u0101cul\u0101longkronr\u0101jjhavittayalai\uff0c2003.
    \n\uff3b7\uff3d\u4e2d\u534e\u7535\u5b50\u4f5b\u5178\u534f\u4f1a\uff0cChinese Buddhist Electronic Text Associasion \uff08CBETA\uff09\uff0cTaipei 2005.
    \n\uff3b8\uff3d\u6c34\u91ce\u5f18\u5143\uff0e\u30d1\u4e00\u30ea\u8a9e\u8fad\u5178\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u6771\u4eac\uff1a\u6625\u79cb\u793e\u3008\u4e8c\u8a02\u3009\uff0c1981.
    \n\uff3b9\uff3d\u85cd\u5409\u5bcc\u4e3b\u7de8\uff0e\u4e2d\u83ef\u4f5b\u6559\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u66f8\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u4e2d\u83ef\u4f5b\u6559\u767e\u79d1\u6587\u737b\u57fa\u91d1\u6703\uff0c1994.
    \n\uff3b10\uff3d\u96f2\u4e95\u662d\u5584\uff0e\u30d1\u4e00\u30ea\u8a9e\u4f5b\u6559\u8fad\u5178\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u6771\u4eac\uff1a\u5c71\u559c\u623f\uff0c1997.
    \n\uff3b11\uff3d\u837b\u539f\u96f2\u4f86\uff0e\u68b5\u548c\u5927\u8fad\u5178\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0e\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u65b0\u6587\u8c50\uff0c1979.
    \n\uff3b12\uff3dWatbhomankhun\u0101r\u0101m\uff0e\u6c49\u68b5\u82f1\u6cf0\u4f5b\u5b66\u8bcd\u5178\uff3b\uff2d\uff3d\uff0eBangkok\uff1a ch\u0101npatthan\u0101khr\u0101npim\uff0c1968.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

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